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MLLT3 Isoforms Regulate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maturation and Fate Decisions
MLLT3 Isoforms Regulate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maturation and Fate Decisions
MLLT3 Isoforms Regulate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maturation and Fate Decisions

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151046
ISBN  
9798381972771
DDC  
574
저자명  
Vavilina-Halstead, Anastasia Dmitrievna.
서명/저자  
MLLT3 Isoforms Regulate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maturation and Fate Decisions
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
139 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-09, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mikkola, Hanna K. A.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation can cure life-threatening blood disorders such as leukemias and inherited blood diseases. However, shortage of HLA-matched donors, which disproportionally affects minorities and patients of mixed ethnic backgrounds, limits the number of patients that can be treated. Ex vivo expansion or de novo generation of transplantable human HSCs has not been successful due to poor understanding of the basic biology underpinning key HSC traits - self-renewal, engraftment and multi-lineage differentiation ability (together referred to as "stemness"). Previous studies identified MLLT3 as a key regulator of stemness in human HSCs whose expansion declines in culture and differentiation, and demonstrated that maintaining MLLT3 expression in culture expands transplantable HSCs. The focus of this is the characterization of a truncated isoform of MLLT3 . Analysis of RNA-seq data and epigenetic marks associated with the MLLT3 gene in human HSCs revealed a second TSS linked to a novel MLLT3 isoform (MLLT3-S), which encodes a truncated protein that can interact with known MLLT3 protein partners such as the Superelongation Complex (SEC) and Dot1L, but is unable to bind chromatin. MLLT3-L and MLLT3-S expression has opposing effects on gene expression and expansion of human HSCs in culture, suggesting distinct but complementary roles for the two isoforms. However, both isoforms of MLLT3 are necessary for proper HSC function. The MLLT3-S enhancer is accessible prior to its induction in fetal liver (FL) HSCs during their maturation, and coincides with downregulation of IGFBP2 expression. IGFBP2 is typically downregulated during HSC maturation, but its renewed expression is required for HSC proliferation in culture and MLLT3-L driven HSC expansion. The interplay between long and short isoforms of MLLT3 in human HSCs may provide a mechanism by which mature HSCs balance between expansion and maintenance modes.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
일반주제명  
Stem cell transplantation
키워드  
Hematopoiesis
키워드  
Hematopoietic stem cells
키워드  
Maturation
키워드  
Transcription factors
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Molecular Biology 0573
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-09B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31140825
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aVavilina-Halstead,  Anastasia  Dmitrievna.
■24510▼aMLLT3  Isoforms  Regulate  Hematopoietic  Stem  Cell  Maturation  and  Fate  Decisions
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a139  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-09,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mikkola,  Hanna  K.  A.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aHematopoietic  stem  cell  (HSC)  transplantation  can  cure  life-threatening  blood  disorders  such  as  leukemias  and  inherited  blood  diseases.  However,  shortage  of  HLA-matched  donors,  which  disproportionally  affects  minorities  and  patients  of  mixed  ethnic  backgrounds,  limits  the  number  of  patients  that  can  be  treated.  Ex  vivo  expansion  or  de  novo  generation  of  transplantable  human  HSCs  has  not  been  successful  due  to  poor  understanding  of  the  basic  biology  underpinning  key  HSC  traits  -  self-renewal,  engraftment  and  multi-lineage  differentiation  ability  (together  referred  to  as  "stemness").  Previous  studies  identified  MLLT3  as  a  key  regulator  of  stemness  in  human  HSCs  whose  expansion  declines  in  culture  and  differentiation,  and  demonstrated  that  maintaining  MLLT3  expression  in  culture  expands  transplantable  HSCs.  The  focus  of  this  is  the  characterization  of  a  truncated  isoform  of  MLLT3  .  Analysis  of  RNA-seq  data  and  epigenetic  marks  associated  with  the  MLLT3  gene  in  human  HSCs  revealed  a  second  TSS  linked  to  a  novel  MLLT3  isoform  (MLLT3-S),  which  encodes  a  truncated  protein  that  can  interact  with  known  MLLT3  protein  partners  such  as  the  Superelongation  Complex  (SEC)  and  Dot1L,  but  is  unable  to  bind  chromatin.  MLLT3-L  and  MLLT3-S  expression  has  opposing  effects  on  gene  expression  and  expansion  of  human  HSCs  in  culture,  suggesting  distinct  but  complementary  roles  for  the  two  isoforms.  However,  both  isoforms  of  MLLT3  are  necessary  for  proper  HSC  function.  The  MLLT3-S  enhancer  is  accessible  prior  to  its  induction  in  fetal  liver  (FL)  HSCs  during  their  maturation,  and  coincides  with  downregulation  of  IGFBP2  expression.  IGFBP2  is  typically  downregulated  during  HSC  maturation,  but  its  renewed  expression  is  required  for  HSC  proliferation  in  culture  and  MLLT3-L  driven  HSC  expansion.  The  interplay  between  long  and  short  isoforms  of  MLLT3  in  human  HSCs  may  provide  a  mechanism  by  which  mature  HSCs  balance  between  expansion  and  maintenance  modes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■650  4▼aStem  cell  transplantation
■653    ▼aHematopoiesis
■653    ▼aHematopoietic  stem  cells
■653    ▼aMaturation
■653    ▼aTranscription  factors
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0758
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bMolecular  Biology  0573.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-09B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160597▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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