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Hate at School: Assessing the Role of Bias Motivation in Adolescent Peer Victimization
Hate at School: Assessing the Role of Bias Motivation in Adolescent Peer Victimization
Hate at School: Assessing the Role of Bias Motivation in Adolescent Peer Victimization

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152108
ISBN  
9798384221081
DDC  
300
저자명  
Kurpiel, Allison.
서명/저자  
Hate at School: Assessing the Role of Bias Motivation in Adolescent Peer Victimization
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
328 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Staff, Jeremy.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Prejudicial aggression contains a social significance that is unparalleled by nonprejudicial aggression. Accordingly, peer victimization motivated by bias against a target's characteristics may be unique from nonbiased victimization in both etiology and impacts. As hate-motivated, intergroup conflict has given rise to some of history's worst atrocities - such as genocide and lynching- it is important to intervene when the prejudice is still forming: during childhood and adolescence. Discriminatory victimization among youth can be better prevented if it is viewed as a distinct behavior with unique risk factors. However, scholarship has been slow to develop this area of research, and most existing studies on biased victimization among adolescents have not drawn from work on hate crime or general criminological theory. This dissertation highlights the ways in which biased victimization differs from nonbiased victimization, arguing that greater research and policy attention to prejudicial aggression is needed.To demonstrate the distinct harms stemming from bias, Study 1 analyzed two nationally representative datasets (i.e., The National Crime Victimization Survey's School Crime Supplement and the Health Behavior among School-aged Children Survey) containing information about adolescent peer victimization at school and assessed the impacts of experiencing biased versus nonbiased (and no) victimization. In both datasets, students who experienced biased victimization at school experience worse outcomes than students who have not experienced biased victimization at school, even in analyses that employed a matching strategy to account for observed differences between students who experienced biased victimization and those who did not. Study 2 extended prior research by assessing the extent to which hate speech victimization co-occurs with nonbiased victimization at school. The goal of this analysis was to assess whether experiencing hate speech at school is typically an isolated experience or a component of a boarder pattern of poly-victimization. I also examined whether different types and combinations of victimization influenced odds of: 1) fear of victimization at school; and 2) avoiding places at school due to concern about victimization. Results indicated that hate speech is often experienced alongside bullying, and that impacts are greatest for polyvictimization regardless of whether hate speech is involved.Study 3 assessed the risk factors for biased victimization and biased perpetration relative to nonbiased victimization and perpetration. Broadly, my goal was to determine whether there are risk factors uniquely associated with biased victimization and biased perpetration, respectively, grounding my expectations in explanations of hate crime as well as general criminological theories. I also determined whether there was an overlap between victimization and perpetration of biased bullying, following prior research on the victim-offender overlap and victim-bullies. Findings indicated that there was a substantial overlap between biased victimization and biased perpetration, and that certain personal characteristics were uniquely associated with biased victimization (being female, under/overweight, not born in the U.S., family financial difficulties) and biased perpetration (being male, Black or Hispanic), mostly in accordance with hate crime theories. Although risky lifestyles were common among youth who had perpetrated biased bullying, these factors did not distinguish biased perpetrators from nonbiased perpetrators. Carrying a weapon stood out as the sole risky lifestyle variable associated with biased (vs nonbiased) bullying perpetration.On the whole, the analyses from these studies revealed that biased and nonbiased incidents cluster within students, that a non-trivial number of victims of biased bullying are also perpetrators of biased bullying, and that experiencing discrimination as a component of school bullying victimization is associated with increased risk of negative impacts for students. The findings are generally in line with existing explanations for biased aggression - such as thrill seeking and cultural explanations - though greater attention to the victim-perpetrator overlap, gender, and potential status goals of biased bullies is warranted. These results have important implications for advancing scholarly understanding of early manifestations of prejudicial attacks and spotlight one avenue by which educational institutions may serve to perpetuate and magnify existing social inequalities.
일반주제명  
Violence
일반주제명  
Hate crimes
일반주제명  
Social exclusion
일반주제명  
Victims of crime
일반주제명  
Hate speech
일반주제명  
Bullying
일반주제명  
Criminology
일반주제명  
Gender identity
일반주제명  
Teenagers
일반주제명  
Gender studies
일반주제명  
Social psychology
일반주제명  
Social structure
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aKurpiel,  Allison.
■24510▼aHate  at  School:  Assessing  the  Role  of  Bias  Motivation  in  Adolescent  Peer  Victimization
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a328  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Staff,  Jeremy.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aPrejudicial  aggression  contains  a  social  significance  that  is  unparalleled  by  nonprejudicial  aggression.  Accordingly,  peer  victimization  motivated  by  bias  against  a  target's  characteristics  may  be  unique  from  nonbiased  victimization  in  both  etiology  and  impacts.  As  hate-motivated,  intergroup  conflict  has  given  rise  to  some  of  history's  worst  atrocities  -  such  as  genocide  and  lynching-  it  is  important  to  intervene  when  the  prejudice  is  still  forming:  during  childhood  and  adolescence.  Discriminatory  victimization  among  youth  can  be  better  prevented  if  it  is  viewed  as  a  distinct  behavior  with  unique  risk  factors.  However,  scholarship  has  been  slow  to  develop  this  area  of  research,  and  most  existing  studies  on  biased  victimization  among  adolescents  have  not  drawn  from  work  on  hate  crime  or  general  criminological  theory.  This  dissertation  highlights  the  ways  in  which  biased  victimization  differs  from  nonbiased  victimization,  arguing  that  greater  research  and  policy  attention  to  prejudicial  aggression  is  needed.To  demonstrate  the  distinct  harms  stemming  from  bias,  Study  1  analyzed  two  nationally  representative  datasets  (i.e.,  The  National  Crime  Victimization  Survey's  School  Crime  Supplement  and  the  Health  Behavior  among  School-aged  Children  Survey)  containing  information  about  adolescent  peer  victimization  at  school  and  assessed  the  impacts  of  experiencing  biased  versus  nonbiased  (and  no)  victimization.  In  both  datasets,  students  who  experienced  biased  victimization  at  school  experience  worse  outcomes  than  students  who  have  not  experienced  biased  victimization  at  school,  even  in  analyses  that  employed  a  matching  strategy  to  account  for  observed  differences  between  students  who  experienced  biased  victimization  and  those  who  did  not.  Study  2  extended  prior  research  by  assessing  the  extent  to  which  hate  speech  victimization  co-occurs  with  nonbiased  victimization  at  school.  The  goal  of  this  analysis  was  to  assess  whether  experiencing  hate  speech  at  school  is  typically  an  isolated  experience  or  a  component  of  a  boarder  pattern  of  poly-victimization.  I  also  examined  whether  different  types  and  combinations  of  victimization  influenced  odds  of:  1)  fear  of  victimization  at  school;  and  2)  avoiding  places  at  school  due  to  concern  about  victimization.  Results  indicated  that  hate  speech  is  often  experienced  alongside  bullying,  and  that  impacts  are  greatest  for  polyvictimization  regardless  of  whether  hate  speech  is  involved.Study  3  assessed  the  risk  factors  for  biased  victimization  and  biased  perpetration  relative  to  nonbiased  victimization  and  perpetration.  Broadly,  my  goal  was  to  determine  whether  there  are  risk  factors  uniquely  associated  with  biased  victimization  and  biased  perpetration,  respectively,  grounding  my  expectations  in  explanations  of  hate  crime  as  well  as  general  criminological  theories.  I  also  determined  whether  there  was  an  overlap  between  victimization  and  perpetration  of  biased  bullying,  following  prior  research  on  the  victim-offender  overlap  and  victim-bullies.  Findings  indicated  that  there  was  a  substantial  overlap  between  biased  victimization  and  biased  perpetration,  and  that  certain  personal  characteristics  were  uniquely  associated  with  biased  victimization  (being  female,  under/overweight,  not  born  in  the  U.S.,  family  financial  difficulties)  and  biased  perpetration  (being  male,  Black  or  Hispanic),  mostly  in  accordance  with  hate  crime  theories.  Although  risky  lifestyles  were  common  among  youth  who  had  perpetrated  biased  bullying,  these  factors  did  not  distinguish  biased  perpetrators  from  nonbiased  perpetrators.  Carrying  a  weapon  stood  out  as  the  sole  risky  lifestyle  variable  associated  with  biased  (vs  nonbiased)  bullying  perpetration.On  the  whole,  the  analyses  from  these  studies  revealed  that  biased  and  nonbiased  incidents  cluster  within  students,  that  a  non-trivial  number  of  victims  of  biased  bullying  are  also  perpetrators  of  biased  bullying,  and  that  experiencing  discrimination  as  a  component  of  school  bullying  victimization  is  associated  with  increased  risk  of  negative  impacts  for  students.  The  findings  are  generally  in  line  with  existing  explanations  for  biased  aggression  -  such  as  thrill  seeking  and  cultural  explanations  -  though  greater  attention  to  the  victim-perpetrator  overlap,  gender,  and  potential  status  goals  of  biased  bullies  is  warranted.  These  results  have  important  implications  for  advancing  scholarly  understanding  of  early  manifestations  of  prejudicial  attacks  and  spotlight  one  avenue  by  which  educational  institutions  may  serve  to  perpetuate  and  magnify  existing  social  inequalities.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aViolence
■650  4▼aHate  crimes
■650  4▼aSocial  exclusion
■650  4▼aVictims  of  crime
■650  4▼aHate  speech
■650  4▼aBullying
■650  4▼aCriminology
■650  4▼aGender  identity
■650  4▼aTeenagers
■650  4▼aGender  studies
■650  4▼aSocial  psychology
■650  4▼aSocial  structure
■690    ▼a0627
■690    ▼a0733
■690    ▼a0451
■690    ▼a0700
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162889▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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