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Optimization and Decision-Making in Decentralized Finance, Scheduling, and Graphical Game Theory
Optimization and Decision-Making in Decentralized Finance, Scheduling, and Graphical Game ...
Optimization and Decision-Making in Decentralized Finance, Scheduling, and Graphical Game Theory

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152940
ISBN  
9798384486237
DDC  
658
저자명  
Patange, Utkarsh.
서명/저자  
Optimization and Decision-Making in Decentralized Finance, Scheduling, and Graphical Game Theory
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
144 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Moallemi, Ciamac.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약We consider the problem of optimization and decision-making in various settings involving complex systems. In particular, we consider specific problems in decentralized finance which we address employing insights from mathematical finance, in course-mode selection that we solve by applying mixed-integer programming, and in social networks that we approach using tools from graphical game theory.In the first part of the thesis, we model and analyze fixed spread liquidation lending in DeFi as implemented by popular pooled lending protocols such as AAVE, JustLend, and Compound. Empirically, we observe that over 70% of liquidations occur in the absence of any downward price jumps. Then, assuming the borrowers monitor their loans with exponentially distributed horizons, we compute the expected liquidation cost incurred by the borrowers in closed form as a function of the monitoring frequency. We compare this cost against liquidation data obtained from AAVE protocol V2, and observe a match with our model assuming the borrowers monitor their loans five to six times more often than they interact with the pool. Such borrowers must balance the financing cost against the likelihood of liquidation. We compute the optimal health factor in this situation assuming a financing rate for the collateral. Empirically, we observe that borrowers are often more conservative compared to model predictions, though on average, model predictions match with empirical observations.In the second part of the thesis, we consider the problem of hybrid scheduling that was faced by Columbia Business School during the Covid-19 pandemic and describe the system that we implemented to address it. The system allows some students to attend in-person classes with social distancing, while their peers attend online, and schedules vary by day. We consider two variations of this problem: one where students have unique, individualized class enrollments, and one where they are grouped in teams that are enrolled in identical classes. We formulate both problems as mixed-integer programs. In the first setting, students who are scheduled to attend all classes in person on a given day may, at times, be required to attend a particular class on that day online due to social distancing constraints. We count these instances as "excess." We minimize excess and related objectives, and analyze and solve the relaxed linear program. In the second setting, we schedule the teams so that each team's in-person attendance is balanced over days of week and spread out over the entire term. Our objective is to maximize interaction between different teams. Our program was used to schedule over 2,500 students in student-level scheduling and about 790 students in team-level scheduling from the Fall 2020 through Summer 2021 terms at Columbia Business School.In the third part of the thesis, we consider a social network, where individuals choose actions which optimize utility which is a function of their neighbors' actions. We assume that a central authority aiming to maximize social welfare at equilibrium can intervene by paying some cost to shift individual incentives, and that the cost is upper bounded by a budget. The intervention that maximizes the social welfare can be computed using the spectral decomposition of the adjacency matrix of the graph, yet this is infeasible in practice if the adjacency matrix is unknown. We study the question of designing intervention strategies for graphs where the adjacency matrix is unknown and is drawn from some distribution. For several commonly studied random graph models, we show that the competitive ratio of in intervention proportional to the first eigenvector of the expected adjacency matrix, approaches 1 in probability as the graph size increases. We also provide several efficient sampling-based approaches for approximately recovering the first eigenvector when we do not know the distribution. On the whole, our analysis compares three categories of interventions: those which use no data about the network, those which use some data (such as distributional knowledge or queries to the graph), and those which are fully optimal. We evaluate these intervention strategies on synthetic and real-world network data, and our results suggest that analysis of random graph models can be useful for determining when certain heuristics may perform well in practice.
일반주제명  
Finance
일반주제명  
Computer science
키워드  
COVID-19
키워드  
Decentralized finance
키워드  
Hybrid scheduling
키워드  
Liquidations
키워드  
Targeted interventions
기타저자  
Columbia University Business
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aPatange,  Utkarsh.
■24510▼aOptimization  and  Decision-Making  in  Decentralized  Finance,  Scheduling,  and  Graphical  Game  Theory
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a144  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Moallemi,  Ciamac.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aWe  consider  the  problem  of  optimization  and  decision-making  in  various  settings  involving  complex  systems.  In  particular,  we  consider  specific  problems  in  decentralized  finance  which  we  address  employing  insights  from  mathematical  finance,  in  course-mode  selection  that  we  solve  by  applying  mixed-integer  programming,  and  in  social  networks  that  we  approach  using  tools  from  graphical  game  theory.In  the  first  part  of  the  thesis,  we  model  and  analyze  fixed  spread  liquidation  lending  in  DeFi  as  implemented  by  popular  pooled  lending  protocols  such  as  AAVE,  JustLend,  and  Compound.  Empirically,  we  observe  that  over  70%  of  liquidations  occur  in  the  absence  of  any  downward  price  jumps.  Then,  assuming  the  borrowers  monitor  their  loans  with  exponentially  distributed  horizons,  we  compute  the  expected  liquidation  cost  incurred  by  the  borrowers  in  closed  form  as  a  function  of  the  monitoring  frequency.  We  compare  this  cost  against  liquidation  data  obtained  from  AAVE  protocol  V2,  and  observe  a  match  with  our  model  assuming  the  borrowers  monitor  their  loans  five  to  six  times  more  often  than  they  interact  with  the  pool.  Such  borrowers  must  balance  the  financing  cost  against  the  likelihood  of  liquidation.  We  compute  the  optimal  health  factor  in  this  situation  assuming  a  financing  rate  for  the  collateral.  Empirically,  we  observe  that  borrowers  are  often  more  conservative  compared  to  model  predictions,  though  on  average,  model  predictions  match  with  empirical  observations.In  the  second  part  of  the  thesis,  we  consider  the  problem  of  hybrid  scheduling  that  was  faced  by  Columbia  Business  School  during  the  Covid-19  pandemic  and  describe  the  system  that  we  implemented  to  address  it.  The  system  allows  some  students  to  attend  in-person  classes  with  social  distancing,  while  their  peers  attend  online,  and  schedules  vary  by  day.  We  consider  two  variations  of  this  problem:  one  where  students  have  unique,  individualized  class  enrollments,  and  one  where  they  are  grouped  in  teams  that  are  enrolled  in  identical  classes.  We  formulate  both  problems  as  mixed-integer  programs.  In  the  first  setting,  students  who  are  scheduled  to  attend  all  classes  in  person  on  a  given  day  may,  at  times,  be  required  to  attend  a  particular  class  on  that  day  online  due  to  social  distancing  constraints.  We  count  these  instances  as  "excess."  We  minimize  excess  and  related  objectives,  and  analyze  and  solve  the  relaxed  linear  program.  In  the  second  setting,  we  schedule  the  teams  so  that  each  team's  in-person  attendance  is  balanced  over  days  of  week  and  spread  out  over  the  entire  term.  Our  objective  is  to  maximize  interaction  between  different  teams.  Our  program  was  used  to  schedule  over  2,500  students  in  student-level  scheduling  and  about  790  students  in  team-level  scheduling  from  the  Fall  2020  through  Summer  2021  terms  at  Columbia  Business  School.In  the  third  part  of  the  thesis,  we  consider  a  social  network,  where  individuals  choose  actions  which  optimize  utility  which  is  a  function  of  their  neighbors'  actions.  We  assume  that  a  central  authority  aiming  to  maximize  social  welfare  at  equilibrium  can  intervene  by  paying  some  cost  to  shift  individual  incentives,  and  that  the  cost  is  upper  bounded  by  a  budget.  The  intervention  that  maximizes  the  social  welfare  can  be  computed  using  the  spectral  decomposition  of  the  adjacency  matrix  of  the  graph,  yet  this  is  infeasible  in  practice  if  the  adjacency  matrix  is  unknown.  We  study  the  question  of  designing  intervention  strategies  for  graphs  where  the  adjacency  matrix  is  unknown  and  is  drawn  from  some  distribution.  For  several  commonly  studied  random  graph  models,  we  show  that  the  competitive  ratio  of  in  intervention  proportional  to  the  first  eigenvector  of  the  expected  adjacency  matrix,  approaches  1  in  probability  as  the  graph  size  increases.  We  also  provide  several  efficient  sampling-based  approaches  for  approximately  recovering  the  first  eigenvector  when  we  do  not  know  the  distribution.  On  the  whole,  our  analysis  compares  three  categories  of  interventions:  those  which  use  no  data  about  the  network,  those  which  use  some  data  (such  as  distributional  knowledge  or  queries  to  the  graph),  and  those  which  are  fully  optimal.  We  evaluate  these  intervention  strategies  on  synthetic  and  real-world  network  data,  and  our  results  suggest  that  analysis  of  random  graph  models  can  be  useful  for  determining  when  certain  heuristics  may  perform  well  in  practice.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aFinance
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■653    ▼aCOVID-19
■653    ▼aDecentralized  finance
■653    ▼aHybrid  scheduling
■653    ▼aLiquidations
■653    ▼aTargeted  interventions
■690    ▼a0796
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0984
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bBusiness.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164265▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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