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Formal Verification of Quantum Software
Formal Verification of Quantum Software
Formal Verification of Quantum Software

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152941
ISBN  
9798384493778
DDC  
004
저자명  
Tao, Runzhou.
서명/저자  
Formal Verification of Quantum Software
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
143 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gu, Ronghui.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Real applications of near-term quantum computing are around the corner and quantum software is a key component. Unlike classical computing, quantum software is under the threat of both quantum hardware errors and human bugs due to the unintuitiveness of quantum physics theory. Therefore, trustworthiness and reliability are critical for the success of quantum computation. However, most traditional methods to ensure software reliability, like testing, do not transfer to quantum at scale because of the destructive and probabilistic nature of quantum measurement and the exponential-sized state space.In this thesis, I introduce a series of frameworks to ensure the trustworthiness of quantum computing software by automated formal verification. First, I present Giallar, a fully-automated verification toolkit for quantum compilers to formally prove that the compiler is bug-free. Giallar requires no manual specifications, invariants, or proofs, and can automatically verify that a compiler pass preserves the semantics of quantum circuits. To deal with unbounded loops in quantum compilers, Giallar abstracts three loop templates, whose loop invariants can be automatically inferred. To efficiently check the equivalence of arbitrary input and output circuits that have complicated matrix semantics representation, Giallar introduces a symbolic representation for quantum circuits and a set of rewrite rules for showing the equivalence of symbolic quantum circuits. With Giallar, I implemented and verified 44 (out of 56) compiler passes in 13 versions of the Qiskit compiler, the open-source quantum compiler standard, during which three bugs were detected in and confirmed by Qiskit. The evaluation shows that most of Qiskit compiler passes can be automatically verified in seconds and verification imposes only a modest overhead to compilation performance.Second, I introduce Gleipnir, an error analysis framework for quantum programs that enable scalable and adaptive verification of quantum error through the application of tensor networks. Giallar introduces the (\uD835\uDF0C, \uD835\uDEFF)-diamond norm, an error metric constrained by a quantum predicate consisting of the approximate state \uD835\uDF0C and its distance \uD835\uDEFF to the ideal state \uD835\uDF0C. This predicate (\uD835\uDF0C, \uD835\uDEFF) can be computed adaptively using tensor networks based on Matrix Product States. Giallar features a lightweight logic for reasoning about error bounds in noisy quantum programs, based on the (\uD835\uDF0C, \uD835\uDEFF)-diamond norm metric. The experimental results show that Giallar is able to efficiently generate tight error bounds for real-world quantum programs with 10 to 100 qubits, and can be used to evaluate the error mitigation performance of quantum compiler transformations.Finally, I present QSynth, a quantum program synthesis framework that synthesizes verified recursive quantum programs, including a new inductive quantum programming language, its specification, a sound logic for reasoning, and an encoding of the reasoning procedure into SMT instances. By leveraging existing SMT solvers, QSynth successfully synthesizes 10 quantum unitary programs including quantum arithmetic programs, quantum eigenvalue inversion, quantum teleportation and Quantum Fourier Transformation, which can be readily transpiled to executable programs on major quantum platforms, e.g., Q#, IBM Qiskit, and AWS Braket.
일반주제명  
Computer science
일반주제명  
Quantum physics
일반주제명  
Theoretical physics
키워드  
Quantum software
키워드  
Giallar
키워드  
Qiskit compiler
키워드  
Quantum programs
기타저자  
Columbia University Computer Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aTao,  Runzhou.
■24510▼aFormal  Verification  of  Quantum  Software
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a143  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gu,  Ronghui.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aReal  applications  of  near-term  quantum  computing  are  around  the  corner  and  quantum  software  is  a  key  component.  Unlike  classical  computing,  quantum  software  is  under  the  threat  of  both  quantum  hardware  errors  and  human  bugs  due  to  the  unintuitiveness  of  quantum  physics  theory.  Therefore,  trustworthiness  and  reliability  are  critical  for  the  success  of  quantum  computation.  However,  most  traditional  methods  to  ensure  software  reliability,  like  testing,  do  not  transfer  to  quantum  at  scale  because  of  the  destructive  and  probabilistic  nature  of  quantum  measurement  and  the  exponential-sized  state  space.In  this  thesis,  I  introduce  a  series  of  frameworks  to  ensure  the  trustworthiness  of  quantum  computing  software  by  automated  formal  verification.  First,  I  present  Giallar,  a  fully-automated  verification  toolkit  for  quantum  compilers  to  formally  prove  that  the  compiler  is  bug-free.  Giallar  requires  no  manual  specifications,  invariants,  or  proofs,  and  can  automatically  verify  that  a  compiler  pass  preserves  the  semantics  of  quantum  circuits.  To  deal  with  unbounded  loops  in  quantum  compilers,  Giallar  abstracts  three  loop  templates,  whose  loop  invariants  can  be  automatically  inferred.  To  efficiently  check  the  equivalence  of  arbitrary  input  and  output  circuits  that  have  complicated  matrix  semantics  representation,  Giallar  introduces  a  symbolic  representation  for  quantum  circuits  and  a  set  of  rewrite  rules  for  showing  the  equivalence  of  symbolic  quantum  circuits.  With  Giallar,  I  implemented  and  verified  44  (out  of  56)  compiler  passes  in  13  versions  of  the  Qiskit  compiler,  the  open-source  quantum  compiler  standard,  during  which  three  bugs  were  detected  in  and  confirmed  by  Qiskit.  The  evaluation  shows  that  most  of  Qiskit  compiler  passes  can  be  automatically  verified  in  seconds  and  verification  imposes  only  a  modest  overhead  to  compilation  performance.Second,  I  introduce  Gleipnir,  an  error  analysis  framework  for  quantum  programs  that  enable  scalable  and  adaptive  verification  of  quantum  error  through  the  application  of  tensor  networks.  Giallar  introduces  the  (\uD835\uDF0C,  \uD835\uDEFF)-diamond  norm,  an  error  metric  constrained  by  a  quantum  predicate  consisting  of  the  approximate  state  \uD835\uDF0C  and  its  distance  \uD835\uDEFF  to  the  ideal  state  \uD835\uDF0C.  This  predicate  (\uD835\uDF0C,  \uD835\uDEFF)  can  be  computed  adaptively  using  tensor  networks  based  on  Matrix  Product  States.  Giallar  features  a  lightweight  logic  for  reasoning  about  error  bounds  in  noisy  quantum  programs,  based  on  the  (\uD835\uDF0C,  \uD835\uDEFF)-diamond  norm  metric.  The  experimental  results  show  that  Giallar  is  able  to  efficiently  generate  tight  error  bounds  for  real-world  quantum  programs  with  10  to  100  qubits,  and  can  be  used  to  evaluate  the  error  mitigation  performance  of  quantum  compiler  transformations.Finally,  I  present  QSynth,  a  quantum  program  synthesis  framework  that  synthesizes  verified  recursive  quantum  programs,  including  a  new  inductive  quantum  programming  language,  its  specification,  a  sound  logic  for  reasoning,  and  an  encoding  of  the  reasoning  procedure  into  SMT  instances.  By  leveraging  existing  SMT  solvers,  QSynth  successfully  synthesizes  10  quantum  unitary  programs  including  quantum  arithmetic  programs,  quantum  eigenvalue  inversion,  quantum  teleportation  and  Quantum  Fourier  Transformation,  which  can  be  readily  transpiled  to  executable  programs  on  major  quantum  platforms,  e.g.,  Q#,  IBM  Qiskit,  and  AWS  Braket.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■650  4▼aQuantum  physics
■650  4▼aTheoretical  physics
■653    ▼aQuantum  software
■653    ▼aGiallar
■653    ▼aQiskit  compiler
■653    ▼aQuantum  programs
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0599
■690    ▼a0753
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bComputer  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164274▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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