본문

A Needs Assessment for Rural Health Education in United States Medical Schools
A Needs Assessment for Rural Health Education in United States Medical Schools
A Needs Assessment for Rural Health Education in United States Medical Schools

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151102
ISBN  
9798382321509
DDC  
610
저자명  
Carlson, Kailey.
서명/저자  
A Needs Assessment for Rural Health Education in United States Medical Schools
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
63 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: McNamara, Cynthia.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (M.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This study is a needs assessment for rural health education at United States medical schools. Health disparities between rural and urban populations are significant and worsening. Rural areas are home to 20% of Americans but just 11% of physicians, contributing to health inequity. Medical schools must produce more future rural physicians to meet the needs of the population. To understand the need for rural health education in medical schools, medical students were surveyed on attitudes toward living and working in rural areas and comfort with clinical competencies important in rural areas. The hypothesis was that medical students at schools focusing on rural health would have more favorable attitudes toward rural areas and feel more comfortable with competencies important in rural areas, underscoring the importance of rural health education in medical schools.A novel online survey was developed to measure trainee attitudes toward rural areas and comfort and experience with skills important in rural practice. The instrument was distributed at six medical schools, three of which had a mission statement including a focus on rural health. Institutional representatives and research partners emailed students with an invitation to complete the survey with a gift card lottery incentive. Survey data was analyzed by chi-square, linear correlation, and student's t-test to assess attitudes and competencies versus student hometown rurality, identity as rural or urban, institutional mission statement, and time spent in rural areas.The average institutional response rate was 13.4%; a total of 287 students completed the survey. Of these, 131 indicated that they were in their first or second year ("pre-clerkship") and 146 were in their third year or above ("clerkship"); the proportion was not statistically different between schools with and those without a rural focus, nor by student identity or time spent in a rural area. Student hometown rurality, rural identity, attendance at a school with a rural mission statement, or time spent in rural areas (collectively "rural learning") were all positively associated with positive attitudes and negatively associated with negative attitudes toward rural areas; the inverse was true for students who self-identified as urban.Pre-clerkship status was negatively correlated with comfort with all groups of competencies. Among all students, rural learning was positively associated with comfort formulating a plan for initial care in urgent patient presentations in non-tertiary care settings, diagnosis and management of regionally endemic illnesses, and opportunity to develop comfort with an aggregate of elements of professional flexibility. Each element of rural learning was associated with greater exposure to several components of professional flexibility, a category including skills like improvisation, community engagement, and task-shifting, or taking on the role of other health professionals when necessary. Hometown rurality was associated with greater comfort with an aggregate of diagnosis and management categories and specifically with diagnosis and management of chronic diseases and acute infectious diseases. It was also associated with greater exposure to procedures in aggregate and specifically to skills in dermatology and imaging interpretation. Rural identity was positively associated with exposure to dermatologic procedures. Time spent in a rural setting was associated with greater exposure to gynecologic examination and procedures in aggregate, specifically dermatologic and musculoskeletal procedures. Attending a school with a rural mission statement was associated with greater comfort with musculoskeletal examination and exposure to reproductive health and dermatology procedures and with less exposure to point-of-care ultrasound. Of students at schools with no rural mission statement, 95.8% felt that rural health was not adequately incorporated into their curriculum, while 98.1% of those at schools with a rural mission felt it was adequately incorporated. Interest in dedicated rural health curricula was not significantly different between students at schools with and without rural mission statements.Overall, as hypothesized, rural learning was associated with more favorable attitudes and self-reported comfort with competencies important in rural medical practice. In contrast to students at schools with rural mission statements, those with rural identities and past rural exposure had increased comfort with more skills important in rural settings. This underscores the importance of recruiting students with rural backgrounds. However, the current supply of rural students is inadequate to meet the workforce need; therefore, these results also reinforce the importance of incorporating rural health education in order to promote positive attitudes about and comfort with skills important in rural areas. These findings also suggest that medical schools without rural mission statements are not meeting student interest in rural health curricula. Finally, this work provides possible targets for educational development in the urban setting, including training in or increasing exposure to endemic illnesses, musculoskeletal examination and procedures, dermatologic procedures, reproductive health procedures, and professional flexibility.
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Health education
일반주제명  
American studies
키워드  
Medical schools
키워드  
Rural areas
키워드  
Health disparities
키워드  
United States
기타저자  
Yale University Yale School of Medicine
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017160698
■00520250211151102
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798382321509
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31143104
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a610
■1001  ▼aCarlson,  Kailey.
■24512▼aA  Needs  Assessment  for  Rural  Health  Education  in  United  States  Medical  Schools
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a63  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  McNamara,  Cynthia.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (M.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  study  is  a  needs  assessment  for  rural  health  education  at  United  States  medical  schools.  Health  disparities  between  rural  and  urban  populations  are  significant  and  worsening.  Rural  areas  are  home  to  20%  of  Americans  but  just  11%  of  physicians,  contributing  to  health  inequity.  Medical  schools  must  produce  more  future  rural  physicians  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  population.  To  understand  the  need  for  rural  health  education  in  medical  schools,  medical  students  were  surveyed  on  attitudes  toward  living  and  working  in  rural  areas  and  comfort  with  clinical  competencies  important  in  rural  areas.  The  hypothesis  was  that  medical  students  at  schools  focusing  on  rural  health  would  have  more  favorable  attitudes  toward  rural  areas  and  feel  more  comfortable  with  competencies  important  in  rural  areas,  underscoring  the  importance  of  rural  health  education  in  medical  schools.A  novel  online  survey  was  developed  to  measure  trainee  attitudes  toward  rural  areas  and  comfort  and  experience  with  skills  important  in  rural  practice.  The  instrument  was  distributed  at  six  medical  schools,  three  of  which  had  a  mission  statement  including  a  focus  on  rural  health.  Institutional  representatives  and  research  partners  emailed  students  with  an  invitation  to  complete  the  survey  with  a  gift  card  lottery  incentive.  Survey  data  was  analyzed  by  chi-square,  linear  correlation,  and  student's  t-test  to  assess  attitudes  and  competencies  versus  student  hometown  rurality,  identity  as  rural  or  urban,  institutional  mission  statement,  and  time  spent  in  rural  areas.The  average  institutional  response  rate  was  13.4%;  a  total  of  287  students  completed  the  survey.  Of  these,  131  indicated  that  they  were  in  their  first  or  second  year  ("pre-clerkship")  and  146  were  in  their  third  year  or  above  ("clerkship");  the  proportion  was  not  statistically  different  between  schools  with  and  those  without  a  rural  focus,  nor  by  student  identity  or  time  spent  in  a  rural  area.  Student  hometown  rurality,  rural  identity,  attendance  at  a  school  with  a  rural  mission  statement,  or  time  spent  in  rural  areas  (collectively  "rural  learning")  were  all  positively  associated  with  positive  attitudes  and  negatively  associated  with  negative  attitudes  toward  rural  areas;  the  inverse  was  true  for  students  who  self-identified  as  urban.Pre-clerkship  status  was  negatively  correlated  with  comfort  with  all  groups  of  competencies.  Among  all  students,  rural  learning  was  positively  associated  with  comfort  formulating  a  plan  for  initial  care  in  urgent  patient  presentations  in  non-tertiary  care  settings,  diagnosis  and  management  of  regionally  endemic  illnesses,  and  opportunity  to  develop  comfort  with  an  aggregate  of  elements  of  professional  flexibility.  Each  element  of  rural  learning  was  associated  with  greater  exposure  to  several  components  of  professional  flexibility,  a  category  including  skills  like  improvisation,  community  engagement,  and  task-shifting,  or  taking  on  the  role  of  other  health  professionals  when  necessary.  Hometown  rurality  was  associated  with  greater  comfort  with  an  aggregate  of  diagnosis  and  management  categories  and  specifically  with  diagnosis  and  management  of  chronic  diseases  and  acute  infectious  diseases.  It  was  also  associated  with  greater  exposure  to  procedures  in  aggregate  and  specifically  to  skills  in  dermatology  and  imaging  interpretation.  Rural  identity  was  positively  associated  with  exposure  to  dermatologic  procedures.  Time  spent  in  a  rural  setting  was  associated  with  greater  exposure  to  gynecologic  examination  and  procedures  in  aggregate,  specifically  dermatologic  and  musculoskeletal  procedures.  Attending  a  school  with  a  rural  mission  statement  was  associated  with  greater  comfort  with  musculoskeletal  examination  and  exposure  to  reproductive  health  and  dermatology  procedures  and  with  less  exposure  to  point-of-care  ultrasound.  Of  students  at  schools  with  no  rural  mission  statement,  95.8%  felt  that  rural  health  was  not  adequately  incorporated  into  their  curriculum,  while  98.1%  of  those  at  schools  with  a  rural  mission  felt  it  was  adequately  incorporated.  Interest  in  dedicated  rural  health  curricula  was  not  significantly  different  between  students  at  schools  with  and  without  rural  mission  statements.Overall,  as  hypothesized,  rural  learning  was  associated  with  more  favorable  attitudes  and  self-reported  comfort  with  competencies  important  in  rural  medical  practice.  In  contrast  to  students  at  schools  with  rural  mission  statements,  those  with  rural  identities  and  past  rural  exposure  had  increased  comfort  with  more  skills  important  in  rural  settings.  This  underscores  the  importance  of  recruiting  students  with  rural  backgrounds.  However,  the  current  supply  of  rural  students  is  inadequate  to  meet  the  workforce  need;  therefore,  these  results  also  reinforce  the  importance  of  incorporating  rural  health  education  in  order  to  promote  positive  attitudes  about  and  comfort  with  skills  important  in  rural  areas.  These  findings  also  suggest  that  medical  schools  without  rural  mission  statements  are  not  meeting  student  interest  in  rural  health  curricula.  Finally,  this  work  provides  possible  targets  for  educational  development  in  the  urban  setting,  including  training  in  or  increasing  exposure  to  endemic  illnesses,  musculoskeletal  examination  and  procedures,  dermatologic  procedures,  reproductive  health  procedures,  and  professional  flexibility.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aHealth  education
■650  4▼aAmerican  studies
■653    ▼aMedical  schools
■653    ▼aRural  areas
■653    ▼aHealth  disparities
■653    ▼aUnited  States
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0323
■690    ▼a0680
■71020▼aYale  University▼bYale  School  of  Medicine.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11A.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aM.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160698▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF10174 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.