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Rare and Undiagnosed Liver Diseases: New Insights From Genomic and Single Cell Transcriptomic Analyses
Rare and Undiagnosed Liver Diseases: New Insights From Genomic and Single Cell Transcripto...
Rare and Undiagnosed Liver Diseases: New Insights From Genomic and Single Cell Transcriptomic Analyses

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151111
ISBN  
9798382321660
DDC  
610
저자명  
Konkwo, Chigoziri.
서명/저자  
Rare and Undiagnosed Liver Diseases: New Insights From Genomic and Single Cell Transcriptomic Analyses
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
58 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Vilarinho, Silvia.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (M.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major global health problem, leading to an estimated two million annual deaths worldwide. Advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized our ability to diagnose and investigate disease pathogenesis. Our research group has previously shown that genomic analysis is useful in the diagnosis of patients with unexplained CLD, providing a diagnostic yield of up to 30%. Moreover, this approach has revealed a newly described cause of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and nodular regenerative hyperplasia due to GIMAP5 deficiency, which is recapitulated in a mouse model. Additionally, the growing use of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies has allowed for unprecedented insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease. Thus, we hypothesize that (i) the incorporation of state-of-the-art tools into our whole exome sequencing (WES) pipeline will improve the diagnostic yield in patients with unexplained liver disease, and (ii) the use of scRNA-seq technologies in mouse model(s) of recently uncovered genetic liver diseases will provide novel insights into disease pathogenesis.We aim (1) to develop a WES analysis pipeline with state-of-the-art analytical tools to improve gene discovery and diagnosis in liver disease, and (2) to employ scRNA-seq to advance our understanding of Gimap5-related liver disease. In Aim 1, we built a WES pipeline incorporating alignment to the human pangenome reference, along with updated variant calling and annotation tools. We performed a comprehensive evaluation alongside our standard WES pipeline using a cohort of patients with unexplained liver disease. In Aim 2, we performed comprehensive scRNA-seq analyses of hepatocytes isolated wild-type (WT) and Gimap5-deficient mice.We successfully developed a WES pipeline which incorporates a recently published ancestrally diverse human pangenome reference, and an improved deep-learning variant calling algorithm DeepVariant. We further incorporated variant annotation with novel pathogenicity prediction tools, and with gene expression across all liver cell types obtained from our group's liver cell atlas, to improve the identification of potentially liver disease-causing variants. We found that our new pipeline recapitulated a diverse set of disease-causing variants previously identified with our standard pipeline. Furthermore, our re-analysis identified a genetic diagnosis in one patient with previously unexplained disease. In parallel, we used scRNA-seq to investigate the liver pathology underlying Gimap5 deficiency, identifying major transcriptional differences between WT and Gimap5-deficient mouse hepatocytes. Gimap5-deficient hepatocytes showed a global decrease in metabolic gene expression, with a reduction in the expression of downstream targets of Wnt/b-catenin signaling, supporting a dysregulated endothelial cell-to-hepatocyte signaling circuit. Using previously published scRNA-seq datasets, we found that hepatocytes from adult Gimap5-deficient mice had a transcriptional profile resembling both immature, neonatal hepatocytes, and hepatocytes 48 hours post-partial hepatectomy. Furthermore, in Gimap5-deficient livers, we identified a population of hepatocytes likely arising from cholangiocyte-to-hepatocyte transdifferentiation.Collectively, this work highlights the value of employing modern genomic analysis tools in improving the diagnosis and molecular understanding of undiagnosed disease, and illustrates the utility of studying rare genetic liver diseases in humans and mice as a pathway towards new insights into liver biology, both in health and in disease.
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Physiology
키워드  
Chronic liver disease
키워드  
Rare disease
키워드  
RNA sequencing
키워드  
Modern genomic analysis
기타저자  
Yale University Yale School of Medicine
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aKonkwo,  Chigoziri.
■24510▼aRare  and  Undiagnosed  Liver  Diseases:  New  Insights  From  Genomic  and  Single  Cell  Transcriptomic  Analyses
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a58  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Vilarinho,  Silvia.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (M.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aChronic  liver  disease  (CLD)  is  a  major  global  health  problem,  leading  to  an  estimated  two  million  annual  deaths  worldwide.  Advances  in  next  generation  sequencing  (NGS)  technologies  have  revolutionized  our  ability  to  diagnose  and  investigate  disease  pathogenesis.  Our  research  group  has  previously  shown  that  genomic  analysis  is  useful  in  the  diagnosis  of  patients  with  unexplained  CLD,  providing  a  diagnostic  yield  of  up  to  30%.  Moreover,  this  approach  has  revealed  a  newly  described  cause  of  non-cirrhotic  portal  hypertension  and  nodular  regenerative  hyperplasia  due  to  GIMAP5  deficiency,  which  is  recapitulated  in  a  mouse  model.  Additionally,  the  growing  use  of  single  cell  RNA  sequencing  (scRNA-seq)  technologies  has  allowed  for  unprecedented  insights  into  the  cellular  and  molecular  mechanisms  of  disease.  Thus,  we  hypothesize  that  (i)  the  incorporation  of  state-of-the-art  tools  into  our  whole  exome  sequencing  (WES)  pipeline  will  improve  the  diagnostic  yield  in  patients  with  unexplained  liver  disease,  and  (ii)  the  use  of  scRNA-seq  technologies  in  mouse  model(s)  of  recently  uncovered  genetic  liver  diseases  will  provide  novel  insights  into  disease  pathogenesis.We  aim  (1)  to  develop  a  WES  analysis  pipeline  with  state-of-the-art  analytical  tools  to  improve  gene  discovery  and  diagnosis  in  liver  disease,  and  (2)  to  employ  scRNA-seq  to  advance  our  understanding  of  Gimap5-related  liver  disease.  In  Aim  1,  we  built  a  WES  pipeline  incorporating  alignment  to  the  human  pangenome  reference,  along  with  updated  variant  calling  and  annotation  tools.  We  performed  a  comprehensive  evaluation  alongside  our  standard  WES  pipeline  using  a  cohort  of  patients  with  unexplained  liver  disease.  In  Aim  2,  we  performed  comprehensive  scRNA-seq  analyses  of  hepatocytes  isolated  wild-type  (WT)  and  Gimap5-deficient  mice.We  successfully  developed  a  WES  pipeline  which  incorporates  a  recently  published  ancestrally  diverse  human  pangenome  reference,  and  an  improved  deep-learning  variant  calling  algorithm  DeepVariant.  We  further  incorporated  variant  annotation  with  novel  pathogenicity  prediction  tools,  and  with  gene  expression  across  all  liver  cell  types  obtained  from  our  group's  liver  cell  atlas,  to  improve  the  identification  of  potentially  liver  disease-causing  variants.  We  found  that  our  new  pipeline  recapitulated  a  diverse  set  of  disease-causing  variants  previously  identified  with  our  standard  pipeline.  Furthermore,  our  re-analysis  identified  a  genetic  diagnosis  in  one  patient  with  previously  unexplained  disease.  In  parallel,  we  used  scRNA-seq  to  investigate  the  liver  pathology  underlying  Gimap5  deficiency,  identifying  major  transcriptional  differences  between  WT  and  Gimap5-deficient  mouse  hepatocytes.  Gimap5-deficient  hepatocytes  showed  a  global  decrease  in  metabolic  gene  expression,  with  a  reduction  in  the  expression  of  downstream  targets  of  Wnt/b-catenin  signaling,  supporting  a  dysregulated  endothelial  cell-to-hepatocyte  signaling  circuit.  Using  previously  published  scRNA-seq  datasets,  we  found  that  hepatocytes  from  adult  Gimap5-deficient  mice  had  a  transcriptional  profile  resembling  both  immature,  neonatal  hepatocytes,  and  hepatocytes  48  hours  post-partial  hepatectomy.  Furthermore,  in  Gimap5-deficient  livers,  we  identified  a  population  of  hepatocytes  likely  arising  from  cholangiocyte-to-hepatocyte  transdifferentiation.Collectively,  this  work  highlights  the  value  of  employing  modern  genomic  analysis  tools  in  improving  the  diagnosis  and  molecular  understanding  of  undiagnosed  disease,  and  illustrates  the  utility  of  studying  rare  genetic  liver  diseases  in  humans  and  mice  as  a  pathway  towards  new  insights  into  liver  biology,  both  in  health  and  in  disease.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■653    ▼aChronic  liver  disease
■653    ▼aRare  disease
■653    ▼aRNA  sequencing
■653    ▼aModern  genomic  analysis
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0719
■71020▼aYale  University▼bYale  School  of  Medicine.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aM.D.
■792    ▼a2024
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■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160752▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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