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Unraveling Neuronal Development Through Novel Optogenetic and Genetic Tools
Unraveling Neuronal Development Through Novel Optogenetic and Genetic Tools
Unraveling Neuronal Development Through Novel Optogenetic and Genetic Tools

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211150918
ISBN  
9798382839752
DDC  
574
저자명  
Xu, Yineng.
서명/저자  
Unraveling Neuronal Development Through Novel Optogenetic and Genetic Tools
발행사항  
[Sl] : Cornell University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
319 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Han, Chun.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Neuron development is a highly orchestrated process that involves the precise coordination of cellular events, molecular signals, and environmental cues. This intricate process lays the foundation for the formation of functional neural circuits, allowing for proper information processing and communication within the nervous system. Understanding the mechanisms underlying neuron development is crucial for unraveling the complexities of brain function and for advancing our knowledge of neurological disorders and potential therapeutic interventions. To dissect the process of neuron development, optogenetics, with its ability to provide precise spatiotemporal manipulation of protein activity, offers a tremendous opportunity to investigate the complex signaling networks in developmental processes. In my dissertation research, I conducted a comprehensive investigation into both extrinsic and intrinsic factors during neuron development. The study focused on three main areas: understanding the response of neurons to nutrient stress, elucidating the role of terminal selectors in determining neuron identity post-mitotically, and developing optogenetics and CRISPR tools for studying neuron development. In the first phase of my research, my colleagues and I demonstrated that somatosensory neurons in the Drosophila peripheral nervous system exhibit organ sparing during nutrient stress. Sensory dendrites preferentially grow compared to non-neural tissues, resulting in dendrite overgrowth. These neurons exhibit lower levels of the stress sensor FoxO, leading to a milder suppression of Tor signaling and no marked induction of autophagy. Preferential dendrite growth enhances animal responses to sensory stimuli, potentially providing a survival advantage under environmental challenges.Next, I identified H6-like-homeobox (Hmx) and Cut as terminal selectors for class II (C2) and III (C3) da neurons, respectively, in Drosophila dendritic arborization (da) sensory neurons. Cut is constantly expressed in C3da neurons to inhibit Hmx expression and maintain C3da identity, while Hmx is required in C2da neurons to suppress Cut expression. Loss of each transcription factor results in upregulation of the other, leading to neuron type conversion.To further advance my research, I developed an innovative optogenetics system, OptoTrap, to manipulate endogenous proteins. I demonstrated that OptoTrap effectively traps GFP-tagged endogenous proteins of diverse sizes, subcellular locations, and functions, allowing for the manipulation of protein function in neurons and epithelial cells. Illumination conditions can be fine-tuned to achieve graded phenotypes and dissect the roles of proteins such as kinesin heavy chain (Khc) and αTubulin84B in dendrite morphogenesis.Besides, together with colleagues, I improved the CRISPR-TRiM tool by optimizing multiplexed gRNA design, enhancing gRNA efficiency in somatic tissues and the germline. I also developed methods to label mutant cells in tissue-specific mutagenesis using co-CRISPR reporters. Additionally, I created genetic reagents for converting Gal4 drivers into tissue-specific Cas9 lines through HACK.In summary, this dissertation underscored the delicate and intricate processes involved in the development of neurons and represented my efforts in advancing the tools to study neuronal development in Drosophila.
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Optogenetics
키워드  
Neurons
기타저자  
Cornell University Genetics Genomics and Development
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aXu,  Yineng.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-4473-4052
■24510▼aUnraveling  Neuronal  Development  Through  Novel  Optogenetic  and  Genetic  Tools
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCornell  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a319  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Han,  Chun.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aNeuron  development  is  a  highly  orchestrated  process  that  involves  the  precise  coordination  of  cellular  events,  molecular  signals,  and  environmental  cues.  This  intricate  process  lays  the  foundation  for  the  formation  of  functional  neural  circuits,  allowing  for  proper  information  processing  and  communication  within  the  nervous  system.  Understanding  the  mechanisms  underlying  neuron  development  is  crucial  for  unraveling  the  complexities  of  brain  function  and  for  advancing  our  knowledge  of  neurological  disorders  and  potential  therapeutic  interventions.  To  dissect  the  process  of  neuron  development,  optogenetics,  with  its  ability  to  provide  precise  spatiotemporal  manipulation  of  protein  activity,  offers  a  tremendous  opportunity  to  investigate  the  complex  signaling  networks  in  developmental  processes.  In  my  dissertation  research,  I  conducted  a  comprehensive  investigation  into  both  extrinsic  and  intrinsic  factors  during  neuron  development.  The  study  focused  on  three  main  areas:  understanding  the  response  of  neurons  to  nutrient  stress,  elucidating  the  role  of  terminal  selectors  in  determining  neuron  identity  post-mitotically,  and  developing  optogenetics  and  CRISPR  tools  for  studying  neuron  development.  In  the  first  phase  of  my  research,  my  colleagues  and  I  demonstrated  that  somatosensory  neurons  in  the  Drosophila  peripheral  nervous  system  exhibit  organ  sparing  during  nutrient  stress.  Sensory  dendrites  preferentially  grow  compared  to  non-neural  tissues,  resulting  in  dendrite  overgrowth.  These  neurons  exhibit  lower  levels  of  the  stress  sensor  FoxO,  leading  to  a  milder  suppression  of  Tor  signaling  and  no  marked  induction  of  autophagy.  Preferential  dendrite  growth  enhances  animal  responses  to  sensory  stimuli,  potentially  providing  a  survival  advantage  under  environmental  challenges.Next,  I  identified  H6-like-homeobox  (Hmx)  and  Cut  as  terminal  selectors  for  class  II  (C2)  and  III  (C3)  da  neurons,  respectively,  in  Drosophila  dendritic  arborization  (da)  sensory  neurons.  Cut  is  constantly  expressed  in  C3da  neurons  to  inhibit  Hmx  expression  and  maintain  C3da  identity,  while  Hmx  is  required  in  C2da  neurons  to  suppress  Cut  expression.  Loss  of  each  transcription  factor  results  in  upregulation  of  the  other,  leading  to  neuron  type  conversion.To  further  advance  my  research,  I  developed  an  innovative  optogenetics  system,  OptoTrap,  to  manipulate  endogenous  proteins.  I  demonstrated  that  OptoTrap  effectively  traps  GFP-tagged  endogenous  proteins  of  diverse  sizes,  subcellular  locations,  and  functions,  allowing  for  the  manipulation  of  protein  function  in  neurons  and  epithelial  cells.  Illumination  conditions  can  be  fine-tuned  to  achieve  graded  phenotypes  and  dissect  the  roles  of  proteins  such  as  kinesin  heavy  chain  (Khc)  and  αTubulin84B  in  dendrite  morphogenesis.Besides,  together  with  colleagues,  I  improved  the  CRISPR-TRiM  tool  by  optimizing  multiplexed  gRNA  design,  enhancing  gRNA  efficiency  in  somatic  tissues  and  the  germline.  I  also  developed  methods  to  label  mutant  cells  in  tissue-specific  mutagenesis  using  co-CRISPR  reporters.  Additionally,  I  created  genetic  reagents  for  converting  Gal4  drivers  into  tissue-specific  Cas9  lines  through  HACK.In  summary,  this  dissertation  underscored  the  delicate  and  intricate  processes  involved  in  the  development  of  neurons  and  represented  my  efforts  in  advancing  the  tools  to  study  neuronal  development  in  Drosophila.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aOptogenetics
■653    ▼aNeurons
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bGenetics,  Genomics  and  Development.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160142▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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