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Development of Human Papillomavirus Integration Analysis Technologies for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancer Research
Development of Human Papillomavirus Integration Analysis Technologies for Human Papillomav...
Development of Human Papillomavirus Integration Analysis Technologies for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancer Research

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152055
ISBN  
9798382738918
DDC  
574
저자명  
Gu, Wenjin.
서명/저자  
Development of Human Papillomavirus Integration Analysis Technologies for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancer Research
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
184 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mills, Ryan E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Viruses associated with human cancers, known as "tumor viruses," can induce cellular transformation or immortalization, representing a crucial step in cancer initiation. In past decades, the association between viruses and cancer has been a prominent focus in cancer research. Many tumor viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), possess the capability to integrate their genomic DNA or RNA into the target host cell, whereas others, like hepatitis C virus (HCV), rarely integrate into the host genome. Recent studies propose that virus integration may introduce additional oncogenic mechanisms. For instance, in cervical and head and neck cancer, HPV integration directly influences cancer-related gene expression, leading to the generation of hybrid viral-host fusion transcripts. Therefore, detecting viral integration sites in the host genome is crucial for further understanding their oncogenic mechanisms in cancer development. HPV is a well-established driver of malignant transformation in various cancers. However, the impact of HPV integration into the human genome remains largely unresolved due to sample size limitations and existing informatics challenges in identifying viral-host breakpoints from low-read-coverage sequencing data, especially in the presence of complex structural variations around fusion points. In response to these challenges, we developed SearcHPV, a novel method using targeted capture sequencing (TCS) to identify and assemble HPV integration sites in the genome. Our analysis of three HPV+ models demonstrated that SearcHPV detected HPV-host integration sites with higher sensitivity and specificity than two other commonly used methods. Additionally, we validated the junction assembly of SearcHPV, aiding in the accurate identification of viral-host junction breakpoint sequences. Our findings indicated that viral integration occurs through diverse DNA repair mechanisms, including microhomology-mediated repair, etc. We expanded our study to 291 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, employing TCS, RNA-Seq, and nanopore sequencing. We devised a novel approach to locally resolve complex HPV integrations using nanopore sequencing. Using statistical models, we labeled complex structures as "Type2", characterized by multiple integrations clustered with high copy numbers, and less complex integrations as "Type1." We revealed that Type2 events exhibited significantly more non-canonical splicing sites and were more likely to be transcribed, suggesting a complex transcription pattern. Additionally, RNA expression levels of oncogenes around Type2 events were significantly higher than Type1, indicating potential differences in oncogenic mechanism alterations induced by different types of integrations. In a subset of 78 patients with recurrent or metastatic samples, we explored the heterogeneity of HPV integration structures, revealing unique HPV integrations and varying copy numbers in different tumor sites of the same patients. Using nanopore sequencing on one cell line with primary and recurrent samples, we uncovered potential clonal selections of HPV integrations during tumor progression. Our findings emphasize the heterogeneous and complex nature of HPV integration associated with genome rearrangement, potentially contributing to distinct tumorigenic consequences. We broadened our methodology to other viral-associated cancers and investigated 48 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) patients with both TCS and RNA-Seq. We detected one patient with HPV integrated into 13 host genes and exhibiting high expression of HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7. The genetic mechanisms of host genome integration were found to be similar to our previous findings in HNSCC. This study provided insights into the role of HPV in tumorigenesis of MEC.
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Oncology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Virology
키워드  
Cancer
키워드  
Hepatitis C virus
키워드  
Viruses
키워드  
Human papillomavirus
기타저자  
University of Michigan Bioinformatics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aDevelopment  of  Human  Papillomavirus  Integration  Analysis  Technologies  for  Human  Papillomavirus-Associated  Cancer  Research
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a184  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mills,  Ryan  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aViruses  associated  with  human  cancers,  known  as  "tumor  viruses,"  can  induce  cellular  transformation  or  immortalization,  representing  a  crucial  step  in  cancer  initiation.  In  past  decades,  the  association  between  viruses  and  cancer  has  been  a  prominent  focus  in  cancer  research.  Many  tumor  viruses,  such  as  human  papillomavirus  (HPV)  and  hepatitis  B  virus  (HBV),  possess  the  capability  to  integrate  their  genomic  DNA  or  RNA  into  the  target  host  cell,  whereas  others,  like  hepatitis  C  virus  (HCV),  rarely  integrate  into  the  host  genome.  Recent  studies  propose  that  virus  integration  may  introduce  additional  oncogenic  mechanisms.  For  instance,  in  cervical  and  head  and  neck  cancer,  HPV  integration  directly  influences  cancer-related  gene  expression,  leading  to  the  generation  of  hybrid  viral-host  fusion  transcripts.  Therefore,  detecting  viral  integration  sites  in  the  host  genome  is  crucial  for  further  understanding  their  oncogenic  mechanisms  in  cancer  development.  HPV  is  a  well-established  driver  of  malignant  transformation  in  various  cancers.  However,  the  impact  of  HPV  integration  into  the  human  genome  remains  largely  unresolved  due  to  sample  size  limitations  and  existing  informatics  challenges  in  identifying  viral-host  breakpoints  from  low-read-coverage  sequencing  data,  especially  in  the  presence  of  complex  structural  variations  around  fusion  points.  In  response  to  these  challenges,  we  developed  SearcHPV,  a  novel  method  using  targeted  capture  sequencing  (TCS)  to  identify  and  assemble  HPV  integration  sites  in  the  genome.  Our  analysis  of  three  HPV+  models  demonstrated  that  SearcHPV  detected  HPV-host  integration  sites  with  higher  sensitivity  and  specificity  than  two  other  commonly  used  methods.  Additionally,  we  validated  the  junction  assembly  of  SearcHPV,  aiding  in  the  accurate  identification  of  viral-host  junction  breakpoint  sequences.  Our  findings  indicated  that  viral  integration  occurs  through  diverse  DNA  repair  mechanisms,  including  microhomology-mediated  repair,  etc.  We  expanded  our  study  to  291  head  and  neck  squamous  cell  carcinoma  (HNSCC)  patients,  employing  TCS,  RNA-Seq,  and  nanopore  sequencing.  We  devised  a  novel  approach  to  locally  resolve  complex  HPV  integrations  using  nanopore  sequencing.  Using  statistical  models,  we  labeled  complex  structures  as  "Type2",  characterized  by  multiple  integrations  clustered  with  high  copy  numbers,  and  less  complex  integrations  as  "Type1."  We  revealed  that  Type2  events  exhibited  significantly  more  non-canonical  splicing  sites  and  were  more  likely  to  be  transcribed,  suggesting  a  complex  transcription  pattern.  Additionally,  RNA  expression  levels  of  oncogenes  around  Type2  events  were  significantly  higher  than  Type1,  indicating  potential  differences  in  oncogenic  mechanism  alterations  induced  by  different  types  of  integrations.  In  a  subset  of  78  patients  with  recurrent  or  metastatic  samples,  we  explored  the  heterogeneity  of  HPV  integration  structures,  revealing  unique  HPV  integrations  and  varying  copy  numbers  in  different  tumor  sites  of  the  same  patients.  Using  nanopore  sequencing  on  one  cell  line  with  primary  and  recurrent  samples,  we  uncovered  potential  clonal  selections  of  HPV  integrations  during  tumor  progression.  Our  findings  emphasize  the  heterogeneous  and  complex  nature  of  HPV  integration  associated  with  genome  rearrangement,  potentially  contributing  to  distinct  tumorigenic  consequences.  We  broadened  our  methodology  to  other  viral-associated  cancers  and  investigated  48  Mucoepidermoid  carcinoma  (MEC)  patients  with  both  TCS  and  RNA-Seq.  We  detected  one  patient  with  HPV  integrated  into  13  host  genes  and  exhibiting  high  expression  of  HPV16  oncogenes  E6  and  E7.  The  genetic  mechanisms  of  host  genome  integration  were  found  to  be  similar  to  our  previous  findings  in  HNSCC.  This  study  provided  insights  into  the  role  of  HPV  in  tumorigenesis  of  MEC.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aOncology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aVirology
■653    ▼aCancer
■653    ▼aHepatitis  C  virus
■653    ▼aViruses
■653    ▼aHuman  papillomavirus
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■690    ▼a0720
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bBioinformatics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
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■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162792▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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