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Nuclear Data to Quantify Urca Cooling in Accreting Neutron Stars
Nuclear Data to Quantify Urca Cooling in Accreting Neutron Stars
Nuclear Data to Quantify Urca Cooling in Accreting Neutron Stars

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211150938
ISBN  
9798382346960
DDC  
530
저자명  
Jain, Rahul.
서명/저자  
Nuclear Data to Quantify Urca Cooling in Accreting Neutron Stars
발행사항  
[Sl] : Michigan State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
149 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Schatz, Hendrik.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Neutron stars in Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) can accrete matter onto their surface from the companion star. Transiently accreting neutron stars go through alternating phases of active accretion outbursts and quiescence. X-ray observations during the quiescence phase show a drop in X-ray luminosity with the time in quiescence. This is also inferred as the drop in surface temperature or the cooling of accreting neutron stars in quiescence. Analyzing these cooling curves reveals a great deal of information about the structure and composition of neutron stars. However, model-observation comparisons of such cooling curves are challenging - partly due to observational uncertainties, and partly due to incomplete knowledge of heating mechanisms during accretion outbursts. This situation is further exacerbated by the recent discovery of Urca cooling in the neutron star crust. These are cycles that alternate between electron-capture and \uD835\uDEFD-decay to produce a large flux of neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. These freely stream out of the star and carry energy with them, essentially cooling the neutron star crust without changing the composition. As a result, it is necessary to accurately quantify the strength of Urca cooling to constrain the heat sources in neutron star crusts and facilitate better model-observation comparisons of the cooling curves.Urca cooling is effective only for a certain subset of nuclei with specific properties. One of the required conditions is a strong ground-state to ground-state \uD835\uDEFD-decay transition strength for a nucleus. Previous studies have shown 33Mg to be a strong Urca cooling agent for neutron star crusts composed of X-ray burst ashes. This is attributed to a 37% strong ground-state branch in the \uD835\uDEFD-decay of 33Mg inferred from high-resolution \uD835\uDEFD-delayed \uD835\uDEFE spectroscopy. This is, however, a first-forbidden transition and the strong ground-state branch seems anomalously high compared to theoretical calculations. A goal of this dissertation is to remeasure this transition strength using Total Absorption Spectroscopy with the SuN detector. \uD835\uDEFD-delayed neutron branching ratio is also measured with the NERO detector. A combination of SuN and NERO helps mitigate the Pandemonium effect, which is shown to systematically overestimate low-energy branchings in high-resolution \uD835\uDEFE spectroscopy.The ground-state branch for the \uD835\uDEFD-decay of 33Mg → 33Al was measured to be 0.7(24)% corresponding to a log-ft value of 7.0+∞−0.7. This is significantly lower than the previous measurement and is consistent with the first-forbidden nature of the transition arising from the recently confirmed negative parity ground state of 33Mg. It further translates into a substantially reduced intrinsic Urca cooling luminosity of L34 = 60.0. This highlights the importance of Total Absorption Spectroscopy and motivates future experiments with this technique to refine calculations of Urca cooling.The rate of Urca cooling (L34) is extremely sensitive to electron-capture thresholds (QEC) and is proportional to |(QEC)|5 . These electron-capture thresholds depend on nuclear masses. Several of the potential Urca cooling candidates are neutron-rich exotic nuclei whose masses have not been measured experimentally and Urca cooling calculations have to rely on theoretical mass predictions. However, theoretical model predictions diverge as they move away from the stable nuclei and do not have uncertainties. A global nuclear mass model with quantified uncertainties is also developed as a part of this dissertation using Bayesian Gaussian Process Regression and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA). Updated neutron star crust calculations with the BMA mass model change not only the magnitude of Urca cooling but also the depth at which it happens. This has important implications for the overall thermal profile of the accreting neutron star crust.
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Computational physics
일반주제명  
Nuclear physics
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
키워드  
Beta-decay
키워드  
Neutron stars
키워드  
Total Absorption Spectroscopy
키워드  
Urca cooling
키워드  
Low Mass X-ray Binaries
기타저자  
Michigan State University Physics - Doctor of Philosophy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aJain,  Rahul.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-9859-1512
■24510▼aNuclear  Data  to  Quantify  Urca  Cooling  in  Accreting  Neutron  Stars
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bMichigan  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a149  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Schatz,  Hendrik.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Michigan  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aNeutron  stars  in  Low  Mass  X-ray  Binaries  (LMXBs)  can  accrete  matter  onto  their  surface  from  the  companion  star.  Transiently  accreting  neutron  stars  go  through  alternating  phases  of  active  accretion  outbursts  and  quiescence.  X-ray  observations  during  the  quiescence  phase  show  a  drop  in  X-ray  luminosity  with  the  time  in  quiescence.  This  is  also  inferred  as  the  drop  in  surface  temperature  or  the  cooling  of  accreting  neutron  stars  in  quiescence.  Analyzing  these  cooling  curves  reveals  a  great  deal  of  information  about  the  structure  and  composition  of  neutron  stars.  However,  model-observation  comparisons  of  such  cooling  curves  are  challenging  -  partly  due  to  observational  uncertainties,  and  partly  due  to  incomplete  knowledge  of  heating  mechanisms  during  accretion  outbursts.  This  situation  is  further  exacerbated  by  the  recent  discovery  of  Urca  cooling  in  the  neutron  star  crust.  These  are  cycles  that  alternate  between  electron-capture  and  \uD835\uDEFD-decay  to  produce  a  large  flux  of  neutrinos  and  anti-neutrinos.  These  freely  stream  out  of  the  star  and  carry  energy  with  them,  essentially  cooling  the  neutron  star  crust  without  changing  the  composition.  As  a  result,  it  is  necessary  to  accurately  quantify  the  strength  of  Urca  cooling  to  constrain  the  heat  sources  in  neutron  star  crusts  and  facilitate  better  model-observation  comparisons  of  the  cooling  curves.Urca  cooling  is  effective  only  for  a  certain  subset  of  nuclei  with  specific  properties.  One  of  the  required  conditions  is  a  strong  ground-state  to  ground-state  \uD835\uDEFD-decay  transition  strength  for  a  nucleus.  Previous  studies  have  shown  33Mg  to  be  a  strong  Urca  cooling  agent  for  neutron  star  crusts  composed  of  X-ray  burst  ashes.  This  is  attributed  to  a  37%  strong  ground-state  branch  in  the  \uD835\uDEFD-decay  of  33Mg  inferred  from  high-resolution  \uD835\uDEFD-delayed  \uD835\uDEFE  spectroscopy.  This  is,  however,  a  first-forbidden  transition  and  the  strong  ground-state  branch  seems  anomalously  high  compared  to  theoretical  calculations.  A  goal  of  this  dissertation  is  to  remeasure  this  transition  strength  using  Total  Absorption  Spectroscopy  with  the  SuN  detector.  \uD835\uDEFD-delayed  neutron  branching  ratio  is  also  measured  with  the  NERO  detector.  A  combination  of  SuN  and  NERO  helps  mitigate  the  Pandemonium  effect,  which  is  shown  to  systematically  overestimate  low-energy  branchings  in  high-resolution  \uD835\uDEFE  spectroscopy.The  ground-state  branch  for  the  \uD835\uDEFD-decay  of  33Mg  →  33Al  was  measured  to  be  0.7(24)%  corresponding  to  a  log-ft  value  of  7.0+∞−0.7.  This  is  significantly  lower  than  the  previous  measurement  and  is  consistent  with  the  first-forbidden  nature  of  the  transition  arising  from  the  recently  confirmed  negative  parity  ground  state  of  33Mg.  It  further  translates  into  a  substantially  reduced  intrinsic  Urca  cooling  luminosity  of  L34  =  60.0.  This  highlights  the  importance  of  Total  Absorption  Spectroscopy  and  motivates  future  experiments  with  this  technique  to  refine  calculations  of  Urca  cooling.The  rate  of  Urca  cooling  (L34)  is  extremely  sensitive  to  electron-capture  thresholds  (QEC)  and  is  proportional  to  |(QEC)|5  .  These  electron-capture  thresholds  depend  on  nuclear  masses.  Several  of  the  potential  Urca  cooling  candidates  are  neutron-rich  exotic  nuclei  whose  masses  have  not  been  measured  experimentally  and  Urca  cooling  calculations  have  to  rely  on  theoretical  mass  predictions.  However,  theoretical  model  predictions  diverge  as  they  move  away  from  the  stable  nuclei  and  do  not  have  uncertainties.  A  global  nuclear  mass  model  with  quantified  uncertainties  is  also  developed  as  a  part  of  this  dissertation  using  Bayesian  Gaussian  Process  Regression  and  Bayesian  Model  Averaging  (BMA).  Updated  neutron  star  crust  calculations  with  the  BMA  mass  model  change  not  only  the  magnitude  of  Urca  cooling  but  also  the  depth  at  which  it  happens.  This  has  important  implications  for  the  overall  thermal  profile  of  the  accreting  neutron  star  crust.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0128.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aComputational  physics
■650  4▼aNuclear  physics
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■653    ▼aBeta-decay
■653    ▼aNeutron  stars
■653    ▼aTotal  Absorption  Spectroscopy
■653    ▼aUrca  cooling
■653    ▼aLow  Mass  X-ray  Binaries
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0216
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0756
■71020▼aMichigan  State  University▼bPhysics  -  Doctor  of  Philosophy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0128
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160226▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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