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Computational Imaging and Multiomic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine: Characterizing Heterogeneity in Lung Cancer
Computational Imaging and Multiomic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine: Characterizing Hete...
Computational Imaging and Multiomic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine: Characterizing Heterogeneity in Lung Cancer

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211150947
ISBN  
9798382834580
DDC  
610
저자명  
Singh, Apurva.
서명/저자  
Computational Imaging and Multiomic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine: Characterizing Heterogeneity in Lung Cancer
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Pennsylvania, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
171 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kontos, Despina.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths and is the third most diagnosed cancer in both men and women in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 84% of all lung cancer cases. The inherent intra-tumor and inter-tumor heterogeneity in lung tumors has been linked with adverse clinical outcomes. A well-rounded characterization of tumor heterogeneity by personalized biomarkers is needed to develop precision medicine treatment strategies for cancer. Large-scale genome-based characterization poses the disadvantages of high cost and technical complexity. Further, a histopathological sample from a tumor biopsy may not be able to fully represent the structural and functional properties of the entire tumor. Medical imaging is now emerging as a key player in the field of personalized medicine, due to its ability to non-invasively characterize the anatomical and physiological properties of the tumor regions. The studies included in this thesis introduce analytical tools developed thorough machine learning and bioinformatics and use information from diagnostic images and other "omic" sources, to develop computational imaging and multiomic biomarkers to characterize intratumor heterogeneity. A novel radiomic biomarker, that integrates with PDL1 expression, ECOG status, BMI, and smoking status, to enhance the ability to predict progression-free survival in a preliminary cohort of patients with stage 4 NSCLC, treated with first-line anti-PD1/PDL1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy PEMBROLIZUMAB. This study also showed that mitigation of the heterogeneity introduced by voxel spacing and image acquisition parameters improves the prognostic performance of the radiomic phenotypes. We further performed a detailed investigation of the effects of heterogeneity in image parameters on the reproducibility of prognostic performance of models built using radiomic biomarkers. The results of this second study indicated that accounting for heterogeneity in image parameters is important to obtain more reproducible prognostic scores, irrespective of image site or modality. In the third study, we developed novel multiomic phenotypes in a larger cohort of patients with stage 4 NSCLC treated with PEMBROLIZUMAB. These multiomic phenotypes, formed by integration of radiomics, radiological and pathological information of the patients, enhanced precision in progression-free survival prediction upon combination with prognostic clinical variables. To our knowledge, our study is the first to construct a "multiomic signature for prognosis of NSCLC patient response to immunotherapy, in contrast to prior radiogenomic approaches leveraging a radiomics signature to identify patient categories based on a genomic biomarker-based classification. In the exploratory fourth study, we evaluated the performance of radiomics analyses of part-solid lung nodules to detect nodule invasiveness using several approaches: radiomics analysis in the presurgical CT scan, delta radiomics over three timepoints leading up to surgical resection and nodule volumetry. The best performing model for the prediction of nodule invasiveness was the model built using a combination of immediate presurgical, delta radiomics, delta volumes and clinical assessment. The study showed that the combined utilization of clinical, volumetric and radiomic features may facilitate complex decision making in the management of subsolid lung nodules. To summarize, the studies included in this thesis demonstrate the value of computational radiomic and multiomic biomarkers in the characterization of lung tumor heterogeneity and have the potential to be utilized in the advancement of precision medicine in oncology.
일반주제명  
Biomedical engineering
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Oncology
일반주제명  
Surgery
일반주제명  
Bioengineering
키워드  
Multiomic integration
키워드  
Non-small cell lung cancer
키워드  
Precision medicine
키워드  
Radiogenomics
키워드  
Radiomics
키워드  
Tumor heterogeneity
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Bioengineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aComputational  Imaging  and  Multiomic  Biomarkers  for  Precision  Medicine:  Characterizing  Heterogeneity  in  Lung  Cancer
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a171  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
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■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Pennsylvania,  2024.
■520    ▼aLung  cancer  is  the  leading  cause  of  cancer  deaths  and  is  the  third  most  diagnosed  cancer  in  both  men  and  women  in  the  United  States.  Non-small  cell  lung  cancer  (NSCLC)  accounts  for  84%  of  all  lung  cancer  cases.  The  inherent  intra-tumor  and  inter-tumor  heterogeneity  in  lung  tumors  has  been  linked  with  adverse  clinical  outcomes.  A  well-rounded  characterization  of  tumor  heterogeneity  by  personalized  biomarkers  is  needed  to  develop  precision  medicine  treatment  strategies  for  cancer.  Large-scale  genome-based  characterization  poses  the  disadvantages  of  high  cost  and  technical  complexity.  Further,  a  histopathological  sample  from  a  tumor  biopsy  may  not  be  able  to  fully  represent  the  structural  and  functional  properties  of  the  entire  tumor.  Medical  imaging  is  now  emerging  as  a  key  player  in  the  field  of  personalized  medicine,  due  to  its  ability  to  non-invasively  characterize  the  anatomical  and  physiological  properties  of  the  tumor  regions.  The  studies  included  in  this  thesis  introduce  analytical  tools  developed  thorough  machine  learning  and  bioinformatics  and  use  information  from  diagnostic  images  and  other  "omic"  sources,  to  develop  computational  imaging  and  multiomic  biomarkers  to  characterize  intratumor  heterogeneity.  A  novel  radiomic  biomarker,  that  integrates  with  PDL1  expression,  ECOG  status,  BMI,  and  smoking  status,  to  enhance  the  ability  to  predict  progression-free  survival  in  a  preliminary  cohort  of  patients with  stage  4  NSCLC,  treated  with  first-line  anti-PD1/PDL1  checkpoint  inhibitor  therapy  PEMBROLIZUMAB.  This  study  also  showed  that  mitigation  of  the  heterogeneity  introduced  by  voxel  spacing  and  image  acquisition  parameters  improves  the  prognostic  performance  of  the  radiomic  phenotypes.  We  further  performed  a  detailed  investigation  of  the  effects  of  heterogeneity  in  image  parameters  on  the  reproducibility  of  prognostic  performance  of  models  built  using  radiomic  biomarkers.  The  results  of  this  second  study  indicated  that  accounting  for  heterogeneity  in  image  parameters  is  important  to  obtain  more  reproducible  prognostic  scores,  irrespective  of  image  site  or  modality.  In  the  third  study,  we  developed  novel  multiomic  phenotypes  in  a  larger  cohort  of  patients  with  stage  4  NSCLC  treated  with  PEMBROLIZUMAB.  These  multiomic  phenotypes,  formed  by  integration  of  radiomics,  radiological  and  pathological  information  of  the  patients,  enhanced  precision  in  progression-free  survival  prediction  upon  combination  with  prognostic  clinical  variables.  To  our  knowledge,  our  study  is  the  first  to  construct  a  "multiomic  signature  for  prognosis  of  NSCLC  patient  response  to  immunotherapy,  in  contrast  to  prior  radiogenomic  approaches  leveraging  a  radiomics  signature  to  identify  patient  categories  based  on  a  genomic  biomarker-based  classification.  In  the  exploratory  fourth  study,  we  evaluated  the  performance  of  radiomics  analyses  of  part-solid  lung  nodules  to  detect  nodule  invasiveness  using  several  approaches:  radiomics  analysis  in  the  presurgical  CT  scan,  delta  radiomics  over  three  timepoints  leading  up  to  surgical  resection  and  nodule  volumetry.  The  best  performing  model  for  the  prediction  of  nodule  invasiveness  was  the  model  built  using  a  combination  of  immediate  presurgical,  delta  radiomics,  delta  volumes  and  clinical  assessment.  The  study  showed  that  the  combined  utilization  of  clinical,  volumetric  and  radiomic  features  may  facilitate  complex  decision making  in  the  management  of  subsolid  lung  nodules.  To  summarize,  the  studies  included  in  this  thesis  demonstrate  the  value  of  computational  radiomic  and  multiomic  biomarkers  in  the  characterization  of  lung  tumor  heterogeneity  and  have  the  potential  to  be  utilized  in  the  advancement  of  precision  medicine  in  oncology.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175.
■650  4▼aBiomedical  engineering
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aOncology
■650  4▼aSurgery
■650  4▼aBioengineering
■653    ▼aMultiomic  integration
■653    ▼aNon-small  cell  lung  cancer
■653    ▼aPrecision  medicine
■653    ▼aRadiogenomics
■653    ▼aRadiomics
■653    ▼aTumor  heterogeneity
■690    ▼a0541
■690    ▼a0576
■690    ▼a0202
■690    ▼a0992
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bBioengineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
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■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160274▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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