본문

서브메뉴

Studies of Ionosphere/Thermosphere Plasma-Neutral Coupling in Response to Various Energy Drivers
Studies of Ionosphere/Thermosphere Plasma-Neutral Coupling in Response to Various Energy D...
Studies of Ionosphere/Thermosphere Plasma-Neutral Coupling in Response to Various Energy Drivers

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151429
ISBN  
9798384447948
DDC  
530
저자명  
Gasque, L. Claire.
서명/저자  
Studies of Ionosphere/Thermosphere Plasma-Neutral Coupling in Response to Various Energy Drivers
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
183 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bale, Stuart;Immel, Thomas.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Extending from approximately 85 to 1,000 km above Earth's surface, the terrestrial ionosphere-thermosphere (I-T) system holds growing significance as we increasingly rely on space-based infrastructure. The I-T system comprises a mixture of ionized and neutral gases whose dynamics are tightly coupled, generating a variety of complex phenomena, some of which remain poorly characterized and understood. This dissertation presents studies investigating three of the most enigmatic I-T phenomena, each driven by a distinct energy source. Specifically, we examine: 1. rapid electrodynamic changes and plasma redistribution following explosive events in the lower atmosphere, with a particular focus on the 2022 eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (hereafter 'Tonga') volcano,2. thermospheric wind perturbations linked to the abrupt changes in solar inputs triggered daily by the setting sun, and3. aurora-like glows in the subauroral ionosphere associated with rapid ion flows in the upper ionosphere during geomagnetically active periods.Each study employs both observational data and theoretical modeling to examine the coupled plasma-neutral response to the energy driver and to characterize and explain the ensuing phenomenon.The first study delves into the ionospheric effects of the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption. This eruption drove global-scale atmospheric waves that propagated into space and propelled ionospheric disturbances. This dissertation investigates the ionospheric consequences of the eruption within about 5,000 km of the volcano. The study demonstrates the immediate large-scale electrodynamic effects of the eruption using observations from NASA's Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellite. Extreme (100 m/s) cast-west and vertical ion drifts are observed thousands of kilometers away from the volcano within an hour of the eruption, before the arrival of any known neutral atmospheric wave. The measured ion drifts are magnetically conjugate to the ionospheric E region about 400 km from Tonga. A theoretical calculation shows that the observed ion drifts are consistent with the ionospheric E region dynamo effects of an expanding neutral atmospheric wavefront with a large (200 m/s) neutral wind amplitude. The analysis suggests that the thermospheric neutral winds initiated by the eruption interacted with the E Region ionospheric plasma and created strong electric potentials which propagated along Earth's magnetic field via Alfven waves and caused the observed plasma drifts in the opposite hemisphere. These observations are the first direct detection in space of the rapid and extreme electrodynamic consequences of a volcanic eruption and contributes to our understanding of the coupling between the lower atmosphere and I-T system following explosive events such as this eruption.The second study considers the daily effect of the setting sun on the I-T system. The moving solar terminator (ST) generates atmospheric disturbances, broadly termed solar terminator waves (STWs). Despite theoretically recurring daily, STWs remain poorly understood, partially due to measurement challenges near the ST. By presenting analysis of neutral wind data from the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) onboard the ICON satellite, this dissertation reveals observations of STW signatures in thermospheric neutral winds, including the first observed meridional wind signatures. Seasonal analysis demonstrates that STWs are most prominent during solstices, when they intersect the ST about ~ 20° latitude from the equator in the winter hemisphere and have phase fronts inclined at a ~ 40° angle to the ST. This work provides the first observed STW altitude profiles, revealing large (200 km) vertical wavelengths above 200 km. Comparing these observations to four different models suggests the STWs likely originate directly or indirectly with waves from below 97 km. These results indicate that STWs may play an under-recognized role in the daily variability of the I-T system, warranting further study.Finally, this dissertation considers aurora-like emissions which arise equatorward of the auroral oval in conjunction with extremely fast ionospheric ion flows. The 'picket fence' is a captivating visual phenomenon featuring vibrant green streaks. It is often observed concurrently with and at lower altitudes than the rare purpieish-white arc called STEVE (Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement). Despite its aurora-like appearance, recent studies suggest that the picket fence may not be driven by magnetospheric particle precipitation but instead by local electric fields parallel to Earth's magnetic field. This dissertation evaluates the parallel electric fields hypothesis by quantitatively comparing picket fence spectra with the emissions generated in a kinetic model driven by local parallel electric fields energizing ambient electrons in a realistic neutral atmosphere. The results demonstrate that, at a typical picket fence altitude of 110 km, parallel electric fields between 40 and 70 Tel (~80 to 150 mV/m at 110 km) energize ambient electrons sufficiently so that, when they collide with neutrals, they reproduce the observed ratio of N2 first positive to atomic oxygen green line emissions, without producing N+2 first negative emissions, consistent with the features observed in picket fence spectra. These findings establish a quantitative connection between ionospheric electrodynamics and observable picket fence emissions, offering verifiable targets for future models and experiments. The work presented in this dissertation has contributed to ongoing I-T research as well as spawned new research directions, including providing benchmarks for more detailed modeling studies of the Tonga volcanic eruption, demonstrating the need for in-depth modeling follow-up studies to examine the origin of STWs and their effects on the ionosphere, and leading to a proposal for a rocket campaign to measure the parallel electric fields that may drive picket fence emissions for the first time.
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Geophysics
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
일반주제명  
Astronomy
키워드  
Ionosphere-thermosphere
키워드  
Solar terminator
키워드  
Solar terminator waves
키워드  
Magnetic field
키워드  
Electric potentials
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017161680
■00520250211151429
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798384447948
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31295165
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aGasque,  L.  Claire.
■24510▼aStudies  of  Ionosphere/Thermosphere  Plasma-Neutral  Coupling  in  Response  to  Various  Energy  Drivers
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a183  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bale,  Stuart;Immel,  Thomas.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2024.
■520    ▼aExtending  from  approximately  85  to  1,000  km  above  Earth's  surface,  the  terrestrial  ionosphere-thermosphere  (I-T)  system  holds  growing  significance  as  we  increasingly  rely  on  space-based  infrastructure.  The  I-T  system  comprises  a  mixture  of  ionized  and  neutral  gases  whose  dynamics  are  tightly  coupled,  generating  a  variety  of  complex  phenomena,  some  of  which  remain  poorly  characterized  and  understood.  This  dissertation  presents  studies  investigating  three  of  the  most  enigmatic  I-T  phenomena,  each  driven  by  a  distinct  energy  source.  Specifically,  we  examine: 1.  rapid  electrodynamic  changes  and  plasma  redistribution  following  explosive  events  in  the  lower  atmosphere,  with  a  particular  focus  on  the  2022  eruption  of  the  Hunga  Tonga-Hunga  Ha'apai  (hereafter  'Tonga')  volcano,2.  thermospheric  wind  perturbations  linked  to  the  abrupt  changes  in  solar  inputs  triggered  daily  by  the  setting  sun,  and3.  aurora-like  glows  in  the  subauroral  ionosphere  associated  with  rapid  ion  flows  in  the  upper  ionosphere  during  geomagnetically  active  periods.Each  study  employs  both  observational  data  and  theoretical  modeling  to  examine  the  coupled  plasma-neutral  response  to  the  energy  driver  and  to  characterize  and  explain  the  ensuing  phenomenon.The  first  study  delves  into  the  ionospheric  effects  of  the  2022  Tonga  volcanic  eruption.  This  eruption  drove  global-scale  atmospheric  waves  that  propagated  into  space  and  propelled  ionospheric  disturbances.  This  dissertation  investigates  the  ionospheric  consequences  of  the  eruption  within  about  5,000  km  of  the  volcano.  The  study  demonstrates  the  immediate  large-scale  electrodynamic  effects  of  the  eruption  using  observations  from  NASA's  Ionospheric  Connection  Explorer  (ICON)  satellite.  Extreme  (100  m/s)  cast-west  and  vertical  ion  drifts  are  observed  thousands  of  kilometers  away  from  the  volcano  within  an  hour  of  the  eruption,  before  the  arrival  of  any  known  neutral  atmospheric  wave.  The  measured  ion  drifts  are  magnetically  conjugate  to  the  ionospheric  E  region  about  400  km  from  Tonga.  A  theoretical  calculation  shows  that  the  observed  ion  drifts  are  consistent  with  the  ionospheric  E  region  dynamo  effects  of  an  expanding  neutral  atmospheric  wavefront  with  a  large  (200  m/s)  neutral  wind  amplitude.  The  analysis  suggests  that  the  thermospheric  neutral  winds  initiated  by  the  eruption  interacted  with  the  E  Region  ionospheric  plasma  and  created  strong  electric  potentials  which  propagated  along  Earth's  magnetic  field  via  Alfven  waves  and  caused  the  observed  plasma  drifts  in  the  opposite  hemisphere.  These  observations  are  the  first  direct  detection  in  space  of  the  rapid  and  extreme  electrodynamic  consequences  of  a  volcanic  eruption  and  contributes  to  our  understanding  of  the  coupling  between  the  lower  atmosphere  and  I-T  system  following  explosive  events  such  as  this  eruption.The  second  study  considers  the  daily  effect  of  the  setting  sun  on  the  I-T  system.  The  moving  solar  terminator  (ST)  generates  atmospheric  disturbances,  broadly  termed  solar  terminator  waves  (STWs).  Despite  theoretically  recurring  daily,  STWs  remain  poorly  understood,  partially  due  to  measurement  challenges  near  the  ST.  By  presenting  analysis  of  neutral  wind  data  from  the  Michelson  Interferometer  for  Global  High-resolution  Thermospheric  Imaging  (MIGHTI)  onboard  the  ICON  satellite,  this  dissertation  reveals  observations  of  STW  signatures  in  thermospheric  neutral  winds,  including  the  first  observed  meridional  wind  signatures.  Seasonal  analysis  demonstrates  that  STWs  are  most  prominent  during  solstices,  when  they  intersect  the  ST  about  ~  20°  latitude  from  the  equator  in  the  winter  hemisphere  and  have  phase  fronts  inclined  at  a  ~  40°  angle  to  the  ST.  This  work  provides  the  first  observed  STW  altitude  profiles,  revealing  large  (200  km)  vertical  wavelengths  above  200  km.  Comparing  these  observations  to  four  different  models  suggests  the  STWs  likely  originate  directly  or  indirectly  with  waves  from  below  97  km.  These  results  indicate  that  STWs  may  play  an  under-recognized  role  in  the  daily  variability  of  the  I-T  system,  warranting  further  study.Finally,  this  dissertation  considers  aurora-like  emissions  which  arise  equatorward  of  the  auroral  oval  in  conjunction  with  extremely  fast  ionospheric  ion  flows.  The  'picket  fence'  is  a  captivating  visual  phenomenon  featuring  vibrant  green  streaks.  It  is  often  observed  concurrently  with  and  at  lower  altitudes  than  the  rare  purpieish-white  arc  called  STEVE  (Strong  Thermal  Emission  Velocity  Enhancement).  Despite  its  aurora-like  appearance,  recent  studies  suggest  that  the  picket  fence  may  not  be  driven  by  magnetospheric  particle  precipitation  but  instead  by  local  electric  fields  parallel  to  Earth's  magnetic  field.  This  dissertation  evaluates  the  parallel  electric  fields  hypothesis  by  quantitatively  comparing  picket  fence  spectra  with  the  emissions  generated  in  a  kinetic  model  driven  by  local  parallel  electric  fields  energizing  ambient  electrons  in  a  realistic  neutral  atmosphere.  The  results  demonstrate  that,  at  a  typical  picket  fence  altitude  of  110  km,  parallel  electric  fields  between  40  and  70  Tel  (~80  to  150  mV/m  at  110  km)  energize  ambient  electrons  sufficiently  so  that,  when  they  collide  with  neutrals,  they  reproduce  the  observed  ratio  of  N2  first  positive  to  atomic  oxygen  green  line  emissions,  without  producing  N+2  first  negative  emissions,  consistent  with  the  features  observed  in  picket  fence  spectra.  These  findings  establish  a  quantitative  connection  between  ionospheric  electrodynamics  and  observable  picket  fence  emissions,  offering  verifiable  targets  for  future  models  and  experiments. The  work  presented  in  this  dissertation  has  contributed  to  ongoing  I-T  research  as  well  as  spawned  new  research  directions,  including  providing  benchmarks  for  more  detailed  modeling  studies  of  the  Tonga  volcanic  eruption,  demonstrating  the  need  for  in-depth  modeling  follow-up  studies  to  examine  the  origin  of  STWs  and  their  effects  on  the  ionosphere,  and  leading  to  a  proposal  for  a  rocket  campaign  to  measure  the  parallel  electric  fields  that  may  drive  picket  fence  emissions  for  the  first  time.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aGeophysics
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■653    ▼aIonosphere-thermosphere
■653    ▼aSolar  terminator
■653    ▼aSolar  terminator  waves
■653    ▼aMagnetic  field
■653    ▼aElectric  potentials
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0607
■690    ▼a0373
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161680▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF10421 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.