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Modeling and Optimization of High Aspect Ratio Plasma Etching
Modeling and Optimization of High Aspect Ratio Plasma Etching
Modeling and Optimization of High Aspect Ratio Plasma Etching

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152059
ISBN  
9798382739465
DDC  
530
저자명  
Kruger, Florian.
서명/저자  
Modeling and Optimization of High Aspect Ratio Plasma Etching
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kushner, Mark J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약As critical dimensions of semiconductor devices shrink, feature densities increase and the geometries become more complex, the manufacturing processes are required to consistently improve and innovate. Low temperature plasma based processes are required to etch nanometer scale features with high aspect ratios through multi-material stacks as fast as possible, while maintaining high uniformity and a high yield over a 300 mm wafer. The quality of the surface etch is highly dependent on the energy and angular distribution of the charged particles, ions and electrons originating from the gas phase, incident on the wafer surface.To control their dynamics, the use of complex tailored voltage waveforms was investigated. The tailored waveform consisted of a sinusoidal harmonic wave and its higher harmonics. Coupled reactor and surface scale simulations were performed to investigate the respective physical regimes. The Hybrid Plasma Equipment Model (HPEM) was utilized to simulate the gas phase and discharge physics in a capacitively coupled plasma operated in the low-pressure regime. Investigated feed gas mixtures include Ar/O2, Ar/O2/CF4 as well as Ar/O2/C4F6. Based on the HPEM results, the Monte Carlo Feature Profile Model (MCFPM) was used to simulate the feature etch process into SiO2.It was found that some degree of control of charged particle dynamics is possible by adjusting the phase of higher harmonics φ through the resulting generation of electrical asymmetry and electric field reversal. These general trends were present in most considered configurations, however the nature of the interaction between ions and the generated DC self-bias were found to be context dependent with respect to its effects on ion energy. Two distinct regimes were identified. Average ion energy onto the wafer is strongly correlated to the DC self-bias at high f0, whereas in the low frequency regime this correlation is weak. Average ion energy onto the wafer is instead dominated by dynamic transients in the applied voltage waveforms.In all cases however, the trends produced in the gas phase translated to significant differences in the feature properties, strongly suggesting that voltage waveform tailoring constitutes a potent concept for etch process control.Additionally, as many other simulation concepts, the MCFPM is critically dependent on the reaction mechanism representing the physical processes occurring between plasma produced reactant fluxes and the surface represented by the reaction probabilities, yields, rate coefficients, threshold energies etc. The increasing complexity of the structures being fabricated, new materials and novel gas compositions for plasma produced radical fluxes to the wafer also increases the complexity of the reaction mechanism used in feature scale models, and the difficulty in developing the fundamental data required for the mechanism. This challenge is further exacerbated by the fact that acquiring these fundamental data through more complex computational models or experiments is often limited by cost, technical complexity or inadequate models. Methods to automate the selection of fundamental data in a reduced reaction mechanism for feature scale SiO2 plasma etching using a fluorocarbon gas mixture is discussed. By matching predictions of etch profiles to experimental data using a gradient descent / Nelder-Mead method hybrid optimization scheme these methods produce a reaction mechanism that replicate the experimental training data as well as experimental data using a related but different etch processes.
일반주제명  
Plasma physics
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
키워드  
Low temperature plasma
키워드  
Semiconductor manufacturing
키워드  
Plasma etching
키워드  
Process optimization
키워드  
Plasma simulation
키워드  
Voltage waveform tailoring
기타저자  
University of Michigan Electrical and Computer Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798382739465
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31349006
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005413
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aKruger,  Florian.
■24510▼aModeling  and  Optimization  of  High  Aspect  Ratio  Plasma  Etching
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kushner,  Mark  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aAs  critical  dimensions  of  semiconductor  devices  shrink,  feature  densities  increase  and  the  geometries  become  more  complex,  the  manufacturing  processes  are  required  to  consistently  improve  and  innovate.  Low  temperature  plasma  based  processes  are  required  to  etch  nanometer  scale  features  with  high  aspect  ratios  through  multi-material  stacks  as  fast  as  possible,  while  maintaining  high  uniformity  and  a  high  yield  over  a  300  mm  wafer.  The  quality  of  the  surface  etch  is  highly  dependent  on  the  energy  and  angular  distribution  of  the  charged  particles,  ions  and  electrons  originating  from  the  gas  phase,  incident  on  the  wafer  surface.To  control  their  dynamics,  the  use  of  complex  tailored  voltage  waveforms  was  investigated.  The  tailored  waveform  consisted  of  a  sinusoidal  harmonic  wave  and  its  higher  harmonics.  Coupled  reactor  and  surface  scale  simulations  were  performed  to  investigate  the  respective  physical  regimes.  The  Hybrid  Plasma  Equipment  Model  (HPEM)  was  utilized  to  simulate  the  gas  phase  and  discharge  physics  in  a  capacitively  coupled  plasma  operated  in  the  low-pressure  regime.  Investigated  feed  gas  mixtures  include  Ar/O2,  Ar/O2/CF4  as  well  as  Ar/O2/C4F6.  Based  on  the  HPEM  results,  the  Monte  Carlo  Feature  Profile  Model  (MCFPM)  was  used  to  simulate  the  feature  etch  process  into  SiO2.It  was  found  that  some  degree  of  control  of  charged  particle  dynamics  is  possible  by  adjusting  the  phase  of  higher  harmonics  φ  through  the  resulting  generation  of  electrical  asymmetry  and  electric  field  reversal.  These  general  trends  were  present  in  most  considered  configurations,  however  the  nature  of  the  interaction  between  ions  and  the  generated  DC  self-bias  were  found  to be  context  dependent  with  respect  to  its  effects  on  ion  energy.  Two  distinct  regimes  were  identified.  Average  ion  energy  onto  the  wafer  is  strongly  correlated  to  the  DC  self-bias  at  high  f0,  whereas  in  the  low  frequency  regime  this  correlation  is  weak.  Average  ion  energy  onto  the  wafer  is  instead  dominated  by  dynamic  transients  in  the  applied  voltage  waveforms.In  all  cases  however,  the  trends  produced  in  the  gas  phase  translated  to  significant  differences  in  the  feature  properties,  strongly  suggesting  that  voltage  waveform  tailoring  constitutes  a  potent  concept  for  etch  process  control.Additionally,  as  many  other  simulation  concepts,  the  MCFPM  is  critically  dependent  on  the  reaction  mechanism  representing  the  physical  processes  occurring  between  plasma  produced  reactant  fluxes  and  the  surface  represented  by  the  reaction  probabilities,  yields,  rate  coefficients,  threshold  energies  etc.  The  increasing  complexity  of  the  structures  being  fabricated,  new  materials  and  novel  gas  compositions  for  plasma  produced  radical  fluxes  to  the  wafer  also  increases  the  complexity  of  the  reaction  mechanism  used  in  feature  scale  models,  and  the  difficulty  in  developing  the  fundamental  data  required  for  the  mechanism.  This  challenge  is  further  exacerbated  by  the  fact  that  acquiring  these  fundamental  data  through  more  complex  computational  models  or  experiments  is  often  limited  by  cost,  technical  complexity  or  inadequate  models.  Methods  to  automate  the  selection  of  fundamental  data  in  a  reduced  reaction  mechanism  for  feature  scale  SiO2  plasma  etching  using  a  fluorocarbon  gas  mixture  is  discussed.  By  matching  predictions  of  etch  profiles  to  experimental  data  using  a  gradient  descent  /  Nelder-Mead  method  hybrid  optimization  scheme  these  methods  produce  a  reaction  mechanism  that  replicate  the  experimental  training  data  as  well  as  experimental  data  using  a  related  but  different  etch  processes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aPlasma  physics
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■653    ▼aLow  temperature  plasma
■653    ▼aSemiconductor  manufacturing
■653    ▼aPlasma  etching
■653    ▼aProcess  optimization
■653    ▼aPlasma  simulation
■653    ▼aVoltage  waveform  tailoring
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0759
■690    ▼a0464
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bElectrical  and  Computer  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162824▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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