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Empirical Essays on Firm Operations and Labor Economics
Empirical Essays on Firm Operations and Labor Economics
Empirical Essays on Firm Operations and Labor Economics

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152100
ISBN  
9798382739625
DDC  
658
저자명  
Stern, Samuel A.
서명/저자  
Empirical Essays on Firm Operations and Labor Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
167 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Leahy, John V.;Ottonello, Pablo.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation includes three papers that study firm operations and labor market adjustment using an empirical focus. The first chapter investigates the effect of workplace safety regulation on manufacturing operations. It matches a sample of random worksite inspections by OSHA to annual manufacturing data from the US Census Bureau and then estimates how these inspections affected establishment operations using a local projections approach to difference-in-differences. The results show that increased regulatory enforcement and safety compliance primarily affected establishment size rather than productivity or capital-intensity. Employment growth among inspected establishments was 15.6 percentage points lower over a decade, while productivity growth fell by 1.9 percentage points and the capital-labor ratio grew by 4.2 percentage points more before reverting to non-inspection levels. Over a five-year horizon, the direct cost of OSHA's random inspection program is estimated to be between $5.5 and $39.5 billion of manufacturing output in 2018 dollars. The same event study methodology is then applied to workplace incidents that triggered OSHA inspections. Workplace accidents or reports of unsafe conditions were followed by even larger declines in employment growth and more persistent changes to productivity and factor allocations. Complaints about unsafe working conditions preceded particularly large cuts to average worker compensation. The second chapter, co-authored with Wenting Song, provides empirical evidence of the importance of firm attention to macroeconomic dynamics. We construct a text-based measure of attention to macroeconomic news and document that attention is polarized across firms and countercyclical. Differences in attention lead to asymmetric responses to monetary policy: expansionary monetary shocks raise market values of attentive firms more than those of inattentive firms, and contractionary shocks lower values of attentive firms by less. Attention also mitigates the effects of macroeconomic uncertainty on firm performance. In a quantitative rational inattention model that is calibrated with this new text-based measure, inattention drives monetary non-neutrality. As average attention varies over the business cycle, so does the efficacy of monetary policy. The third chapter estimates the effect of access to higher education on local employment recoveries following the Great Recession. It begins by describing the historical magnitude and composition of countercyclical enrollment between 1987 and 2019 to motivate the potential importance of higher education as a means of labor market adjustment. The chapter then presents an empirical strategy for estimating the effect of new enrollment during the Great Recession on local employment rates in subsequent years. The strategy uses a scaled Bartik instrument to isolate enrollment that is plausibly exogenous to local labor demand shocks and conditions on local educational attainment. The main results show that a one percentage point increase in the enrollment rate between 2007 and 2010 is associated with a 2.0 percentage point larger increase in the employment rate between 2007 and 2018. The effect is strongest among adults ages 25-34 and is largely consistent with the timing and age composition of new enrollment during the Great Recession.
키워드  
Firm operations
키워드  
Behavioral economics
키워드  
Monetary policy
키워드  
Labor demand
키워드  
Labor supply
기타저자  
University of Michigan Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■020    ▼a9798382739625
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31349011
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005526
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■0820  ▼a658
■1001  ▼aStern,  Samuel  A.
■24510▼aEmpirical  Essays  on  Firm  Operations  and  Labor  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a167  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Leahy,  John  V.;Ottonello,  Pablo.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  includes  three  papers  that  study  firm  operations  and  labor  market  adjustment  using  an  empirical  focus.  The  first  chapter  investigates  the  effect  of  workplace  safety  regulation  on  manufacturing  operations.  It  matches  a  sample  of  random  worksite  inspections  by  OSHA  to  annual  manufacturing  data  from  the  US  Census  Bureau  and  then  estimates  how  these  inspections  affected  establishment  operations  using  a  local  projections  approach  to  difference-in-differences.  The  results  show  that  increased  regulatory  enforcement  and  safety  compliance  primarily  affected  establishment  size  rather  than  productivity  or  capital-intensity.  Employment  growth  among  inspected  establishments  was  15.6  percentage  points  lower  over  a  decade,  while  productivity  growth  fell  by  1.9  percentage  points  and  the  capital-labor  ratio  grew  by  4.2  percentage  points  more  before  reverting  to  non-inspection  levels.  Over  a  five-year  horizon,  the  direct  cost  of  OSHA's  random  inspection  program  is  estimated  to  be  between  $5.5  and  $39.5  billion  of  manufacturing  output  in  2018  dollars.  The  same  event  study  methodology  is  then  applied  to  workplace  incidents  that  triggered  OSHA  inspections.  Workplace  accidents  or  reports  of  unsafe  conditions  were  followed  by  even  larger  declines  in  employment  growth  and  more  persistent  changes  to  productivity  and  factor  allocations.  Complaints  about  unsafe  working  conditions  preceded  particularly  large  cuts  to  average  worker  compensation.  The  second  chapter,  co-authored  with  Wenting  Song,  provides  empirical  evidence  of  the  importance  of  firm  attention  to  macroeconomic  dynamics.  We  construct  a  text-based  measure  of  attention  to  macroeconomic  news  and  document  that  attention  is  polarized  across  firms  and  countercyclical.  Differences  in  attention  lead  to  asymmetric  responses  to  monetary  policy:  expansionary  monetary  shocks  raise  market  values  of  attentive  firms  more  than  those  of  inattentive  firms,  and  contractionary  shocks  lower  values  of  attentive  firms  by  less.  Attention  also  mitigates  the  effects  of  macroeconomic  uncertainty  on  firm  performance.  In  a  quantitative  rational  inattention  model  that  is  calibrated  with  this  new  text-based  measure,  inattention  drives  monetary  non-neutrality.  As  average  attention  varies  over  the  business  cycle,  so  does  the  efficacy  of  monetary  policy.  The  third  chapter  estimates  the  effect  of  access  to  higher  education  on  local  employment  recoveries  following  the  Great  Recession.  It  begins  by  describing  the  historical  magnitude  and  composition  of  countercyclical  enrollment  between  1987  and  2019  to  motivate  the  potential  importance  of  higher  education  as  a  means  of  labor  market  adjustment.  The  chapter  then  presents  an  empirical  strategy  for  estimating  the  effect  of  new  enrollment  during  the  Great  Recession  on  local  employment  rates  in  subsequent  years.  The  strategy  uses  a  scaled  Bartik  instrument  to  isolate  enrollment  that  is  plausibly  exogenous  to  local  labor  demand  shocks  and  conditions  on  local  educational  attainment.  The  main  results  show  that  a  one  percentage  point  increase  in  the  enrollment  rate  between  2007  and  2010  is  associated  with  a  2.0  percentage  point  larger  increase  in  the  employment  rate  between  2007  and  2018.  The  effect  is  strongest  among  adults  ages  25-34  and  is  largely  consistent  with  the  timing  and  age  composition  of  new  enrollment  during  the  Great  Recession.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■653    ▼aFirm  operations
■653    ▼aBehavioral  economics
■653    ▼aMonetary  policy
■653    ▼aLabor  demand
■653    ▼aLabor  supply
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0310
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12A.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162827▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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