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Old Questions and New Insights: A Comparison of Development and Regeneration in the Acoel Worm Hofstenia miamia
Old Questions and New Insights: A Comparison of Development and Regeneration in the Acoel ...
Old Questions and New Insights: A Comparison of Development and Regeneration in the Acoel Worm Hofstenia miamia

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152830
ISBN  
9798346571391
DDC  
574
저자명  
Loubet-Senear, Kaitlyn.
서명/저자  
Old Questions and New Insights: A Comparison of Development and Regeneration in the Acoel Worm Hofstenia miamia
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
165 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Srivastava, Mansi.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Development and regeneration both result in the formation of a complete adult body plan. Although these processes have different starting points - from the single-celled zygote during development versus from the many differentiated cell types present in a regenerating adult animal - they share many key processes, e.g., the establishment of major body axes and the differentiation of cellular lineages. These similarities have led to longstanding questions regarding the relationship between the two processes, and the hypothesis that regeneration could include redeployment of developmental mechanisms. This raises the question of how developmental pathways are re-accessed during regeneration, which further has implications for understanding the evolution of regeneration, and why regeneration may succeed or fail in different taxa. In past studies, reuse of developmental genes during regeneration has been demonstrated in multiple species by both broad and specific process comparisons. However, given their distinct starting points, the mechanisms allowing for the re-use of developmental processes during regeneration are active areas of investigation.In this dissertation I used the highly regenerative acoel worm Hofstenia miamia to conduct both broad and targeted investigations comparing development and regeneration. In Chapter 2, I produced a developmental ATAC-seq dataset that is needed to assess regulatory mechanisms during development relative to regeneration. Using these data, I investigated the regulatory landscape of H.miamia embryogenesis, characterizing large scale changes in chromatin accessibility and putative regulators of tissue identity. In Chapter 3, I undertook a thorough investigation of development and regeneration in H.miamia. I compared transcriptome-wide gene expression, and similar to other species found high overlap between gene use in development and regeneration. However, the temporal order regarding when these genes were expressed relative to one another was different in the two processes, consistent with other studies indicating that regeneration is not a strict recapitulation of development. Targeted comparisons of key components shared between regeneration and development, including cell specification and re-establishment of posterior patterning, showed similarities in pathway progression and also revealed development and regeneration-specific features, especially in the expression of early pathway components. We further found that the network architecture of a wound-response program was likely a regeneration-specific innovation. Chromatin accessibility analyses suggested that similar regulatory regions control expression of shared genes in development and regeneration, regardless of similar or distinct expression patterns, likely via distinct transcription factor binding sites. This was even true of wound-induce genes, which have been postulated in other systems to be controlled by distinct regulatory elements. These findings provide new resolution as to how developmental processes could be reactivated in response to wounding. Furthermore, this study represents the first such comparison of development and regeneration in Xenacoelmorpha, an enigmatic phylum placed either as sister to Ambulacraria or to other bilaterians. The tools I utilized to conduct these investigations are applicable to new research organisms, opening the door to similar comparisons in an even broader range of organisms.
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
일반주제명  
Evolution & development
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Acoel
키워드  
Cell fate specification
키워드  
Chromatin profiling
키워드  
Developmental genes
키워드  
Patterning
키워드  
Regeneration
기타저자  
Harvard University Biology Molecular and Cellular
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798346571391
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31560452
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aLoubet-Senear,  Kaitlyn.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1340-5253
■24510▼aOld  Questions  and  New  Insights:  A  Comparison  of  Development  and  Regeneration  in  the  Acoel  Worm  Hofstenia  miamia
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a165  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Srivastava,  Mansi.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aDevelopment  and  regeneration  both  result  in  the  formation  of  a  complete  adult  body  plan.  Although  these  processes  have  different  starting  points  -  from  the  single-celled  zygote  during  development  versus  from  the  many  differentiated  cell  types  present  in  a  regenerating  adult  animal  -  they  share  many  key  processes,  e.g.,  the  establishment  of  major  body  axes  and  the  differentiation  of  cellular  lineages.  These  similarities  have  led  to  longstanding  questions  regarding  the  relationship  between  the  two  processes,  and  the  hypothesis  that  regeneration  could  include  redeployment  of  developmental  mechanisms.  This  raises  the  question  of  how  developmental  pathways  are  re-accessed  during  regeneration,  which  further  has  implications  for  understanding  the  evolution  of  regeneration,  and  why  regeneration  may  succeed  or  fail  in  different  taxa.  In  past  studies,  reuse  of  developmental  genes  during  regeneration  has  been  demonstrated  in  multiple  species  by  both  broad  and  specific  process  comparisons.  However,  given  their  distinct  starting  points,  the  mechanisms  allowing  for  the  re-use  of  developmental  processes  during  regeneration  are  active  areas  of  investigation.In  this  dissertation  I  used  the  highly  regenerative  acoel  worm  Hofstenia  miamia  to  conduct  both  broad  and  targeted  investigations  comparing  development  and  regeneration.  In  Chapter  2,  I  produced  a  developmental  ATAC-seq  dataset  that  is  needed  to  assess  regulatory  mechanisms  during  development  relative  to  regeneration.  Using  these  data,  I  investigated  the  regulatory  landscape  of  H.miamia  embryogenesis,  characterizing  large  scale  changes  in  chromatin  accessibility  and  putative  regulators  of  tissue  identity.  In  Chapter  3,  I  undertook  a  thorough  investigation  of  development  and  regeneration  in  H.miamia.  I  compared  transcriptome-wide  gene  expression,  and  similar  to  other  species  found  high  overlap  between  gene  use  in  development  and  regeneration.  However,  the  temporal  order  regarding  when  these  genes  were  expressed  relative  to  one  another  was  different  in  the  two  processes,  consistent  with  other  studies  indicating  that  regeneration  is  not  a  strict  recapitulation  of  development.  Targeted  comparisons  of  key  components  shared  between  regeneration  and  development,  including  cell  specification  and  re-establishment  of  posterior  patterning,  showed  similarities  in  pathway  progression  and  also  revealed  development  and  regeneration-specific  features,  especially  in  the  expression  of  early  pathway  components.  We  further  found  that  the  network  architecture  of  a  wound-response  program  was  likely  a  regeneration-specific  innovation.  Chromatin  accessibility  analyses  suggested  that  similar  regulatory  regions  control  expression  of  shared  genes  in  development  and  regeneration,  regardless  of  similar  or  distinct  expression  patterns,  likely  via  distinct  transcription  factor  binding  sites.  This  was  even  true  of  wound-induce  genes,  which  have  been  postulated  in  other  systems  to  be  controlled  by  distinct  regulatory  elements.  These  findings  provide  new  resolution  as  to  how  developmental  processes  could  be  reactivated  in  response  to  wounding.  Furthermore,  this  study  represents  the  first  such  comparison  of  development  and  regeneration  in  Xenacoelmorpha,  an  enigmatic  phylum  placed  either  as  sister  to  Ambulacraria  or  to  other  bilaterians.  The  tools  I  utilized  to  conduct  these  investigations  are  applicable  to  new  research  organisms,  opening  the  door  to  similar  comparisons  in  an  even  broader  range  of  organisms.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■650  4▼aEvolution  &  development
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aAcoel
■653    ▼aCell  fate  specification
■653    ▼aChromatin  profiling
■653    ▼aDevelopmental  genes  
■653    ▼aPatterning
■653    ▼aRegeneration
■690    ▼a0758
■690    ▼a0412
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bBiology,  Molecular  and  Cellular.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-05B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164082▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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