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Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases
Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152121
- ISBN
- 9798384336143
- DDC
- 616
- 서명/저자
- Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 147 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.
- 일반주제명
- Hemodialysis
- 일반주제명
- Infectious diseases
- 일반주제명
- Patients
- 일반주제명
- Quality of life
- 일반주제명
- Diabetes
- 일반주제명
- Life expectancy
- 일반주제명
- Mortality
- 일반주제명
- Kidney diseases
- 일반주제명
- Decision making
- 일반주제명
- Kidney transplants
- 일반주제명
- Ethnicity
- 일반주제명
- Disease transmission
- 일반주제명
- Ethnic studies
- 일반주제명
- Health sciences
- 일반주제명
- Medical ethics
- 일반주제명
- Medicine
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Statistics
- 일반주제명
- Surgery
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211152121
■006m o d
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■020 ▼a9798384336143
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31460393
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordzx681xd2068
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a616
■1001 ▼aKaufmann, Matthew Brandon.
■24510▼aDecision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a147 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aThe field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aHemodialysis
■650 4▼aInfectious diseases
■650 4▼aPatients
■650 4▼aQuality of life
■650 4▼aDiabetes
■650 4▼aLife expectancy
■650 4▼aMortality
■650 4▼aKidney diseases
■650 4▼aDecision making
■650 4▼aKidney transplants
■650 4▼aEthnicity
■650 4▼aDisease transmission
■650 4▼aEthnic studies
■650 4▼aHealth sciences
■650 4▼aMedical ethics
■650 4▼aMedicine
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aStatistics
■650 4▼aSurgery
■690 ▼a0631
■690 ▼a0769
■690 ▼a0566
■690 ▼a0497
■690 ▼a0564
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0463
■690 ▼a0576
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-03B.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162993▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


