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Deontic Intentionality
Deontic Intentionality
Deontic Intentionality

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151442
ISBN  
9798382776415
DDC  
100
저자명  
Gabor, Zachary.
서명/저자  
Deontic Intentionality
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
176 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Moran, Richard.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약I aim to vindicate, in naturalistic terms, the idea that our beliefs 'aim at truth' in a strikingly strong sense: we are subject to the Truth Norm ("TN") on our beliefs, whose content is one ought to believe p iff p. The first chapter motivates this aim. Deploying a twist on Lewis Caroll's parable of Achilles and the Tortoise, I argue that our practice of forming shared consensus about what is the case through conversation embodies, in its very structure, an understanding of ourselves as subject to TN. We cannot seriously contemplate a way of life in which this practice is not available, so this leaves us two choices: either TN really does govern our beliefs, or we are driven to the skeptical conclusion that we are stuck fundamentally misunderstanding ourselves. Avoiding this skeptical conclusion is at least worth a try. I further argue that a naturalistic account of TN would constitute progress toward a naturalistic understanding of the relation of the objective to the subjective. Finally, I indicate a general strategy for overcoming the obvious objections to TN: objections from the existence of truths for which we have no evidence, truths which would be cumbersome or distressing to believe, and so on. These objections indeed point to problems with the most immediately available ways of believing the truth. But it may be that ψ-ing is the most immediately available way of ϕ-ing, and that you ought not to ψ, but that you nonetheless ought to ϕ.The remainder of the dissertation aims to give a naturalistic account of the relevant sorts of beliefs and requirements according to which just such a situation obtains with respect the Truth Norm and our beliefs. I propose notions of requirement and belief built of from teleological building blocks and to argue that they fit together to vindicate TN in the human form of life, and to give a naturalistic account of the relevant teleological building blocks.First, the building blocks: the project requires a notion of purpose that, while naturalistic, is liberal enough to vindicate as reality the appearances of purposiveness in both biological and social organization. I develop a notion of purpose answering to this requirement. I argue that, whereas critics have held that such efforts rely on an oversimplification of empirical reality, it is actually these critics who commit a converse kind of oversimplification: they oversimplify, and thus unduly constrain, what it would take for the empirical facts to ground the reality of the widespread appearance of teleology in the biological and social world.Next, the notions of belief and requirement. A belief is a state of preparedness (a "disposition, teleologically enriched") to produce indicative signals with a given content. To have the function of an indicative signal with content p is, in turn, to be meant to adapt those elements of the recipient's teleological organization which are sensitive to whether-p to the contingency that-p. To be subject to a hypothetical imperative if you're A-ing, you ought to B is to be in a situation in which there is a substantive opportunity to B in keeping with the normal functioning of your capacity to do something that plays the role of making and recognizing an ought-judgment. The job-description of such an ought-judgment comprises functioning as an indicative signal with content A-ing calls for B-ing - a notion which may be glossed as the circumstance that best efforts to A entail efforts to A by B-ing - and an imperative signal prompting or ensuring B-ing. TN will be functionally like a categorical imperative, a hypothetical imperative with the antecedent if you're leading a human life...Last comes the argument for the Truth Norm. It involves working with precise formulations of the notions merely glossed above, but the intuition is this: there are limits on the extent to which nonhuman animals are subject to something akin to TN as a norm on their representational states, deriving from the limitations on the range of ends around which their lives are teleologically organized. There is only so much a non-human animal might be able to do to get true beliefs, or to put them to good use. We, on the other hand, make our living by forming and working in social arrangements of potentially endless variety. Our way of life involves availing ourselves of the efforts of the groups we are part of to get true beliefs, and it also involves expressing our beliefs to further the group efforts we are part of by adapting them to the facts. Thus, I argue, there are not substantive boundaries on the truths we might hope to attain or the uses to which we might put them, and so, we are subject to TN.
일반주제명  
Philosophy
일반주제명  
Epistemology
일반주제명  
Philosophy of science
키워드  
Normative character
키워드  
Believe
키워드  
Naturalistic understanding
키워드  
Teleology
키워드  
Normativity
기타저자  
Harvard University Philosophy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aGabor,  Zachary.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1106-0095
■24510▼aDeontic  Intentionality
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a176  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Moran,  Richard.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aI  aim  to  vindicate,  in  naturalistic  terms,  the  idea  that  our  beliefs  'aim  at  truth'  in  a  strikingly  strong  sense:  we  are  subject  to  the  Truth  Norm  ("TN")  on  our  beliefs,  whose  content  is  one  ought  to  believe  p  iff  p.  The  first  chapter  motivates  this  aim.  Deploying  a  twist  on  Lewis  Caroll's  parable  of  Achilles  and  the  Tortoise,  I  argue  that  our  practice  of  forming  shared  consensus  about  what  is  the  case  through  conversation  embodies,  in  its  very  structure,  an  understanding  of  ourselves  as  subject  to  TN.  We  cannot  seriously  contemplate  a  way  of  life  in  which  this  practice  is  not  available,  so  this  leaves  us  two  choices:  either  TN  really  does  govern  our  beliefs,  or  we  are  driven  to  the  skeptical  conclusion  that  we  are  stuck  fundamentally  misunderstanding  ourselves.  Avoiding  this  skeptical  conclusion  is  at  least  worth  a  try.  I  further  argue  that  a  naturalistic  account  of  TN  would  constitute  progress  toward  a  naturalistic  understanding  of  the  relation  of  the  objective  to  the  subjective.  Finally,  I  indicate  a  general  strategy  for  overcoming  the  obvious  objections  to  TN:  objections  from  the  existence  of  truths  for  which  we  have  no  evidence,  truths  which  would  be  cumbersome  or  distressing  to  believe,  and  so  on.  These  objections  indeed  point  to  problems  with  the  most  immediately  available  ways  of  believing  the  truth.  But  it  may  be  that  ψ-ing  is  the  most  immediately  available  way  of  ϕ-ing,  and  that  you  ought  not  to  ψ,  but  that  you  nonetheless  ought  to  ϕ.The  remainder  of  the  dissertation  aims  to  give  a  naturalistic  account  of  the  relevant  sorts  of  beliefs  and  requirements  according  to  which  just  such  a  situation  obtains  with  respect  the  Truth  Norm  and  our  beliefs.  I  propose  notions  of  requirement  and  belief  built  of  from  teleological  building  blocks  and  to  argue  that  they  fit  together  to  vindicate  TN  in  the  human  form  of  life,  and  to  give  a  naturalistic  account  of  the  relevant  teleological  building  blocks.First,  the  building  blocks:  the  project  requires  a  notion  of  purpose  that,  while  naturalistic,  is  liberal  enough  to  vindicate  as  reality  the  appearances  of  purposiveness  in  both  biological  and  social  organization.  I  develop  a  notion  of  purpose  answering  to  this  requirement.  I  argue  that,  whereas  critics  have  held  that  such  efforts  rely  on  an  oversimplification  of  empirical  reality,  it  is  actually  these  critics  who  commit  a  converse  kind  of  oversimplification:  they  oversimplify,  and  thus  unduly  constrain,  what  it  would  take  for  the  empirical  facts  to  ground  the  reality  of  the  widespread  appearance  of  teleology  in  the  biological  and  social  world.Next,  the  notions  of  belief  and  requirement.  A  belief  is  a  state  of  preparedness  (a  "disposition,  teleologically  enriched")  to  produce  indicative  signals  with  a  given  content.  To  have  the  function  of  an  indicative  signal  with  content  p  is,  in  turn,  to  be  meant  to  adapt  those  elements  of  the  recipient's  teleological  organization  which  are  sensitive  to  whether-p  to  the  contingency  that-p.  To  be  subject  to  a  hypothetical  imperative  if  you're  A-ing,  you  ought  to  B  is  to  be  in  a  situation  in  which  there  is  a  substantive  opportunity  to  B  in  keeping  with  the  normal  functioning  of  your  capacity  to  do  something  that  plays  the  role  of  making  and  recognizing  an  ought-judgment.  The  job-description  of  such  an  ought-judgment  comprises  functioning  as  an  indicative  signal  with  content  A-ing  calls  for  B-ing  -  a  notion  which  may  be  glossed  as  the  circumstance  that  best  efforts  to  A  entail  efforts  to  A  by  B-ing  -  and  an  imperative  signal  prompting  or  ensuring  B-ing.  TN  will  be  functionally  like  a  categorical  imperative,  a  hypothetical  imperative  with  the  antecedent  if  you're  leading  a  human  life...Last  comes  the  argument  for  the  Truth  Norm.  It  involves  working  with  precise  formulations  of  the  notions  merely  glossed  above,  but  the  intuition  is  this:  there  are  limits  on  the  extent  to  which  nonhuman  animals  are  subject  to  something  akin  to  TN  as  a  norm  on  their  representational  states,  deriving  from  the  limitations  on  the  range  of  ends  around  which  their  lives  are  teleologically  organized.  There  is  only  so  much  a  non-human  animal  might  be  able  to  do  to  get  true  beliefs,  or  to  put  them  to  good  use.  We,  on  the  other  hand,  make  our  living  by  forming  and  working  in  social  arrangements  of  potentially  endless  variety.  Our  way  of  life  involves  availing  ourselves  of  the  efforts  of  the  groups  we  are  part  of  to  get  true  beliefs,  and  it  also  involves  expressing  our  beliefs  to  further  the  group  efforts  we  are  part  of  by  adapting  them  to  the  facts.  Thus,  I  argue,  there  are  not  substantive  boundaries  on  the  truths  we  might  hope  to  attain  or  the  uses  to  which  we  might  put  them,  and  so,  we  are  subject  to  TN.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aPhilosophy
■650  4▼aEpistemology
■650  4▼aPhilosophy  of  science
■653    ▼aNormative  character
■653    ▼aBelieve
■653    ▼aNaturalistic  understanding
■653    ▼aTeleology
■653    ▼aNormativity
■690    ▼a0422
■690    ▼a0402
■690    ▼a0393
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bPhilosophy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12A.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161769▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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