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Cell Size and Flexible Cell Fate Decisions in the Stomatal Lineage
Cell Size and Flexible Cell Fate Decisions in the Stomatal Lineage
Cell Size and Flexible Cell Fate Decisions in the Stomatal Lineage

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152114
ISBN  
9798384337362
DDC  
612
저자명  
Fung, Hannah F.
서명/저자  
Cell Size and Flexible Cell Fate Decisions in the Stomatal Lineage
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
148 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bergmann, Dominique;Dinneny, Jose;Red-Horse, Kristy;Wang, Bo.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In plants, stomata are epidermal valves through which carbon dioxide enters and oxygen and water escape. Collectively, stomata are major players in global carbon and water cycles, regulating wateruse efficiency across entire ecosystems. In tropical forests, an estimated 32 x 1015 kilograms of water vapour pass through stomata each year, which is more than double the water vapour cycling through the atmosphere annually (15 x 1015 kg per year; Hetherington and Woodward, 2003).In dicots, stomata comprise a pair of guard cells flanking a central pore. The size of this pore defines the stomatal conductance or the rate at which gases diffuse through the pore. While stomatal conductance varies with environmental conditions, the maximum stomatal conductance is developmentally constrained. This theoretical maximum increases with stomatal number, which is specified during development. To modulate the physiological potential of a leaf, we need to understand how developmental events regulate stomatal number.There are two common measures of stomatal number: stomatal density (the number of stomata per millimeter ) and stomatal index (the proportion of leaf epidermal cells that are stomata). There are several reasons why stomatal index is more informative from a developmental perspective. First, unlike stomatal density, which generally increases from leaf base to tip, stomatal index shows little intra-leaf variation. Second, stomatal index is independent of cell size and is therefore robust to factors that influence cell expansion independently of stomatal number. Finally, stomatal index is a measure of cell type composition, which reflects the division and differentiation events that took place to build the organ.In many species, stomatal index is flexible, increasing with light intensity and decreasing with osmotic stress. Similarly, both short- and long-term studies point to an inverse relationship between carbon dioxide levels and stomatal index. Higher stomatal indices are expected to increase carbon assimilation rates, but at the cost of increased transpiration. What cellular behaviours underlie this developmental flexibility?In this dissertation, I address this question using the model organism, Arabidopsis thaliana,where the stomatal lineage produces the majority of leaf epidermal cells. This lineage begins when a subset of protodermal cells is stochastically selected to become meristemoid mother cells, which divide asymmetrically to produce two daughter cells. The smaller daughter, or the meristemoid, can either differentiate into a stoma or undergo one or more asymmetric divisions before differentiating. The larger daughter, or the stomatal lineage ground cell (SLGC), faces a similar choice: it can either differentiate into a cuticle-producing pavement cell or divide to generate another meristemoid and SLGC.Generally, the stomatal index remains constant when cells differentiate directly. It tends to decrease when meristemoids divide and increase when SLGCs divide. Consequently, the cell type composition of a leaf is regulated by the frequency at which meristemoids and SLGCs divide. In this dissertation, I identify and characterize factors that regulate the frequency of asymmetric cell divisions in the stomatal lineage. I show that cell size influences both meristemoid and SLGC behaviours, but in surprisingly different ways.
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Embryos
일반주제명  
Behavior
일반주제명  
Homeostasis
일반주제명  
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
일반주제명  
Insects
일반주제명  
Genomes
일반주제명  
Age groups
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Phosphorylation
일반주제명  
Apoptosis
일반주제명  
Stem cells
일반주제명  
Households
일반주제명  
Cell cycle
일반주제명  
Transcription factors
일반주제명  
Disease transmission
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798384337362
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31460271
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordgk387st2049
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a612
■1001  ▼aFung,  Hannah  F.
■24510▼aCell  Size  and  Flexible  Cell  Fate  Decisions  in  the  Stomatal  Lineage
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a148  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bergmann,  Dominique;Dinneny,  Jose;Red-Horse,  Kristy;Wang,  Bo.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  plants,  stomata  are  epidermal  valves  through  which  carbon  dioxide  enters  and  oxygen  and  water  escape.  Collectively,  stomata  are  major  players  in  global  carbon  and  water  cycles,  regulating  wateruse  efficiency  across  entire  ecosystems.  In  tropical  forests,  an  estimated  32  x  1015  kilograms  of  water  vapour  pass  through  stomata  each  year,  which  is  more  than  double  the  water  vapour  cycling  through  the  atmosphere  annually  (15  x  1015  kg  per  year;  Hetherington  and  Woodward,  2003).In  dicots,  stomata  comprise  a  pair  of  guard  cells  flanking  a  central  pore.  The  size  of  this  pore  defines  the  stomatal  conductance  or  the  rate  at  which  gases  diffuse  through  the  pore.  While  stomatal  conductance  varies  with  environmental  conditions,  the  maximum  stomatal  conductance  is  developmentally  constrained.  This  theoretical  maximum  increases  with  stomatal  number,  which  is  specified  during  development.  To  modulate  the  physiological  potential  of  a  leaf,  we  need  to  understand  how  developmental  events  regulate  stomatal  number.There  are  two  common  measures  of  stomatal  number:  stomatal  density  (the  number  of  stomata  per  millimeter  )  and  stomatal  index  (the  proportion  of  leaf  epidermal  cells  that  are  stomata).  There  are  several  reasons  why  stomatal  index  is  more  informative  from  a  developmental  perspective.  First,  unlike  stomatal  density,  which  generally  increases  from  leaf  base  to  tip,  stomatal  index  shows  little  intra-leaf  variation.  Second,  stomatal  index  is  independent  of  cell  size  and  is  therefore  robust  to  factors  that  influence  cell  expansion  independently  of  stomatal  number.  Finally,  stomatal  index  is  a  measure  of  cell  type  composition,  which  reflects  the  division  and  differentiation  events  that  took  place  to  build  the  organ.In  many  species,  stomatal  index  is  flexible,  increasing  with  light  intensity  and  decreasing  with  osmotic  stress.  Similarly,  both  short-  and  long-term  studies  point  to  an  inverse  relationship  between  carbon  dioxide  levels  and  stomatal  index.  Higher  stomatal  indices  are  expected  to  increase  carbon  assimilation  rates,  but  at  the  cost  of  increased  transpiration.  What  cellular  behaviours  underlie  this  developmental  flexibility?In  this  dissertation,  I  address  this  question  using  the  model  organism,  Arabidopsis  thaliana,where  the  stomatal  lineage  produces  the  majority  of  leaf  epidermal  cells.  This  lineage  begins  when  a  subset  of  protodermal  cells  is  stochastically  selected  to  become  meristemoid  mother  cells,  which  divide  asymmetrically  to  produce  two  daughter  cells.  The  smaller  daughter,  or  the  meristemoid,  can  either  differentiate  into  a  stoma  or  undergo  one  or  more  asymmetric  divisions  before  differentiating.  The  larger  daughter,  or  the  stomatal  lineage  ground  cell  (SLGC),  faces  a  similar  choice:  it  can  either  differentiate  into  a  cuticle-producing  pavement  cell  or  divide  to  generate  another  meristemoid  and  SLGC.Generally,  the  stomatal  index  remains  constant  when  cells  differentiate  directly.  It  tends  to  decrease  when  meristemoids  divide  and  increase  when  SLGCs  divide.  Consequently,  the  cell  type  composition  of  a  leaf  is  regulated  by  the  frequency  at  which  meristemoids  and  SLGCs  divide.  In  this  dissertation,  I  identify  and  characterize  factors  that  regulate  the  frequency  of  asymmetric  cell  divisions  in  the  stomatal  lineage.  I  show  that  cell  size  influences  both  meristemoid  and  SLGC  behaviours,  but  in  surprisingly  different  ways.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aEmbryos
■650  4▼aBehavior
■650  4▼aHomeostasis
■650  4▼aSevere  acute  respiratory  syndrome  coronavirus  2
■650  4▼aInsects
■650  4▼aGenomes
■650  4▼aAge  groups
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aPhosphorylation
■650  4▼aApoptosis
■650  4▼aStem  cells
■650  4▼aHouseholds
■650  4▼aCell  cycle
■650  4▼aTranscription  factors
■650  4▼aDisease  transmission
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0719
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162939▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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