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Electrospray Plume Evolution and Divergence
Electrospray Plume Evolution and Divergence
Electrospray Plume Evolution and Divergence

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152933
ISBN  
9798896077923
DDC  
629.1
저자명  
Davis, McKenna.
서명/저자  
Electrospray Plume Evolution and Divergence
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
285 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Wirz, Richard E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Electrospray thrusters require significant improvements in operational lifetime for use inmulti-year spacecraft propulsion missions. The primary thruster lifetime-limiting mechanismis propellant overspray, in which wide-angle particles impinge on and saturate downstreamelectrodes instead of exiting through the electrode aperture and contributing to producedthrust. Electrospray particles are emitted within a small radial range, but diverge as theymove downstream from emission to form a 3D plume, the edges of which contribute tooverspray. In order to improve electrospray thruster designs towards minimizing oversprayand optimizing operational lifetime, we need to understand what causes electrospray plumedivergence.This dissertation investigates electrospray plume divergence using the Discrete ElectrosprayLagrangian Interaction (DELI) Model to simulate electrospray particle dynamics. Thegoverning equation for particle propagation includes the applied electrostatic force from thepotential difference between the emitter and downstream electrode, the Coulomb forcesbetween particles (including image charges), and the drag force. Each of these forces is investigatedtheoretically and computationally to determine its influence on plume divergence.None of the forces introduce radial divergence into a set of particles emitted straight down the axis of emission with no range in radial coordinate. However, electrospray particles are always emitted with some small range in radial coordinate due to hydrodynamic instabilitiesand minute asymmetries in the emitter. All three forces exacerbate existing radial divergenceamong a set of particles: the applied electric field has a radial component due to jetcurvature and the electrode aperture; there is a radial component to Coulomb forces betweenparticles with a difference in radial coordinate; and drag counters particle motion, keepingparticles in a clustered state in which Coulomb forces are magnified.Simulations compare the radial divergence of groups of particles with equal velocities andwith an upstream velocity gradient, in which upstream particles are moving faster than theirforward neighbors. In the upstream velocity gradient case, faster particles catch up to theirforward neighbors, magnifying the Coulomb interaction between the two in response to theirincreased proximity. We term this interaction a 'traffic jam' and correlate it with increasedplume divergence through Coulomb interactions. We present two novel means of characterizingplume divergence: 1) a metric for positional divergence based on three standards of aGaussian or Super-Gaussian fit to particle mass density distribution as a function of radialcoordinate, and 2) emittance as a metric for positional and velocity divergence. We furtherdescribe how emittance can be used to identify when an electrospray plume has reached thesteady state.Machine learning is applied for the first time to electrospray particle dynamics data,produced by the DELI Model. Results demonstrate predictive abilities for downstreamparticle dynamic properties given particle properties at emission. Furthermore, a novelmethod is proposed for combining experimental electrospray particle data, computationalplume evolution models, and machine learning algorithms to optimize diagnostic design.In summary, this dissertation presents a comprehensive consideration of electrosprayplume divergence using computational and analytical models supported by experimentaldata. The origins and sources of growth of electrospray plume divergence are identified, new metrics for electrospray plume divergence are presented, and machine learning algorithmsare developed to predict electrospray plume divergence.In summary, this dissertation presents a comprehensive consideration of electrosprayplume divergence using computational and analytical models supported by experimentaldata. The origins and sources of growth of electrospray plume divergence are identified, new metrics for electrospray plume divergence are presented, and machine learning algorithmsare developed to predict electrospray plume divergence.
일반주제명  
Aerospace engineering
키워드  
Computational fluid dynamics
키워드  
Data science
키워드  
Electrospray
키워드  
Machine learning
키워드  
Spacecraft propulsion
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Aerospace Engineering 0279
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aDavis,  McKenna.
■24510▼aElectrospray  Plume  Evolution  and  Divergence
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a285  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Wirz,  Richard  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aElectrospray  thrusters  require  significant  improvements  in  operational  lifetime  for  use  inmulti-year  spacecraft  propulsion  missions.  The  primary  thruster  lifetime-limiting  mechanismis  propellant  overspray,  in  which  wide-angle  particles  impinge  on  and  saturate  downstreamelectrodes  instead  of  exiting  through  the  electrode  aperture  and  contributing  to  producedthrust.  Electrospray  particles  are  emitted  within  a  small  radial  range,  but  diverge  as  theymove  downstream  from  emission  to  form  a  3D  plume,  the  edges  of  which  contribute  tooverspray.  In  order  to  improve  electrospray  thruster  designs  towards  minimizing  oversprayand  optimizing  operational  lifetime,  we  need  to  understand  what  causes  electrospray  plumedivergence.This  dissertation  investigates  electrospray  plume  divergence  using  the  Discrete  ElectrosprayLagrangian  Interaction  (DELI)  Model  to  simulate  electrospray  particle  dynamics.  Thegoverning  equation  for  particle  propagation  includes  the  applied  electrostatic  force  from  thepotential  difference  between  the  emitter  and  downstream  electrode,  the  Coulomb  forcesbetween  particles  (including  image  charges),  and  the  drag  force.  Each  of  these  forces  is  investigatedtheoretically  and  computationally  to  determine  its  influence  on  plume  divergence.None  of  the  forces  introduce  radial  divergence  into  a  set  of  particles  emitted  straight  down  the  axis  of  emission  with  no  range  in  radial  coordinate.  However,  electrospray  particles  are  always  emitted  with  some  small  range  in  radial  coordinate  due  to  hydrodynamic  instabilitiesand  minute  asymmetries  in  the  emitter.  All  three  forces  exacerbate  existing  radial  divergenceamong  a  set  of  particles:  the  applied  electric  field  has  a  radial  component  due  to  jetcurvature  and  the  electrode  aperture;  there  is  a  radial  component  to  Coulomb  forces  betweenparticles  with  a  difference  in  radial  coordinate;  and  drag  counters  particle  motion,  keepingparticles  in  a  clustered  state  in  which  Coulomb  forces  are  magnified.Simulations  compare  the  radial  divergence  of  groups  of  particles  with  equal  velocities  andwith  an  upstream  velocity  gradient,  in  which  upstream  particles  are  moving  faster  than  theirforward  neighbors.  In  the  upstream  velocity  gradient  case,  faster  particles  catch  up  to  theirforward  neighbors,  magnifying  the  Coulomb  interaction  between  the  two  in  response  to  theirincreased  proximity.  We  term  this  interaction  a  'traffic  jam'  and  correlate  it  with  increasedplume  divergence  through  Coulomb  interactions.  We  present  two  novel  means  of  characterizingplume  divergence:  1)  a  metric  for  positional  divergence  based  on  three  standards  of  aGaussian  or  Super-Gaussian  fit  to  particle  mass  density  distribution  as  a  function  of  radialcoordinate,  and  2)  emittance  as  a  metric  for  positional  and  velocity  divergence.  We  furtherdescribe  how  emittance  can  be  used  to  identify  when  an  electrospray  plume  has  reached  thesteady  state.Machine  learning  is  applied  for  the  first  time  to  electrospray  particle  dynamics  data,produced  by  the  DELI  Model.  Results  demonstrate  predictive  abilities  for  downstreamparticle  dynamic  properties  given  particle  properties  at  emission.  Furthermore,  a  novelmethod  is  proposed  for  combining  experimental  electrospray  particle  data,  computationalplume  evolution  models,  and  machine  learning  algorithms  to  optimize  diagnostic  design.In  summary,  this  dissertation  presents  a  comprehensive  consideration  of  electrosprayplume  divergence  using  computational  and  analytical  models  supported  by  experimentaldata.  The  origins  and  sources  of  growth  of  electrospray  plume  divergence  are  identified,  new  metrics  for  electrospray  plume  divergence  are  presented,  and  machine  learning  algorithmsare  developed  to  predict  electrospray  plume  divergence.In  summary,  this  dissertation  presents  a  comprehensive  consideration  of  electrosprayplume  divergence  using  computational  and  analytical  models  supported  by  experimentaldata.  The  origins  and  sources  of  growth  of  electrospray  plume  divergence  are  identified,  new  metrics  for  electrospray  plume  divergence  are  presented,  and  machine  learning  algorithmsare  developed  to  predict  electrospray  plume  divergence.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aAerospace  engineering
■653    ▼aComputational  fluid  dynamics
■653    ▼aData  science
■653    ▼aElectrospray
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■653    ▼aSpacecraft  propulsion
■690    ▼a0538
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bAerospace  Engineering  0279.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164206▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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