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Essays on Climate Adaptation
Essays on Climate Adaptation
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151019
- ISBN
- 9798383161111
- DDC
- 363
- 저자명
- Danza, Facundo.
- 서명/저자
- Essays on Climate Adaptation
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : New York University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 185 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Waldinger, Daniel.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약My dissertation contributes to the understanding of how economic agents adapt to weather variability and water scarcity and policies to mitigate the environmental impact of water and energy use. It is structured into three chapters, each focusing on different aspects of the issue: the first chapter focuses on the optimal use of groundwater in the agricultural sector; the second chapter analyzes the effect that weather shocks have on international migration; and the last chapter explores the effect of small-scale green energy production on electricity demand.In Chapter 1, I study the use of groundwater in the US agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is the primary water consumer in the US and groundwater is one of its main sources. Groundwater use presents a common pool problem: if a farmer pumps groundwater, she decreases the aquifer's water table and thus increases the cost of pumping for farmers in the same aquifer. In this chapter, I leverage detailed farmer-level data on (ground)water use, crop choices, and crop yields to study the equilibrium implications of the current groundwater costs. I focus on the Ogallala Aquifer in Nebraska. In order to estimate the effect of water costs on water use and crop choices, I combine a crop-growth model with an economic model. I use the crop-growth model to recover the precise relation between water use and crop yields. I use the economic model to estimate the marginal cost of water for farmers. I then quantify how farmers respond to water costs by switching which crop they plant or changing the water use per planted crop. I find that farmers are inelastic to water costs: a 10% increase in the water cost would decrease water use by 3%. Moreover, I find that farmers adapt to higher water costs by both reducing the water use per planted crop and fallowing the land. Lastly, I utilize my estimates to compute the optimal and sustainable tax on groundwater use.In Chapter 2, joint work with Eungik Lee, we study the effect of weather shocks on legal and illegal migration from rural Mexico to the US. First, we find that shocks in the wet season on precipitation and temperature increase migration. The increment is entirely driven by illegal migrants. Second, we propose a mechanism to explain this result: the effect of weather on agricultural production. We find that shocks in precipitation and temperature decrease total harvested land and corn production. Third, we show that young and unwealthy workers are more sensitive to weather shocks. Lastly, we use climate projections to have a first glance at the impact that climate change will have on migration. We find that a shift in the size of climate change would double the number of illegal migrants.In Chapter 3, joint work with Natalia D'Agosti, we study the green-electricity microgeneration in Uruguay. Since 2010, the Uruguayan government has fostered the installation of solar panels among households and firms to promote small-scale renewable electricity production. Under this policy, agents with solar panels are allowed to feed any electricity surplus into the grid. We study the economic and environmental consequences of this policy. We collect a novel dataset on electricity extraction and injection into the grid at a household-firm level for the whole country. First, we find that installing a solar panel reduces the electricity extracted from the grid. Second, we find that it increases the electricity injected into the grid. Third, we find that it reduces CO2 emissions between 0.35 and 0.03 kg per month and agent. Fourth, we find evidence of a rebound effect: electricity consumption after the solar panel installation increases between 20% and 26%, on average. Lastly, we propose an alternative policy that allows agents to store their electricity surplus in batteries instead of immediately injecting it into the grid. According to our model, the best time to inject electricity into the grid is around 9 PM, when fossil-fuel facilities satisfy most of the electricity demand.
- 일반주제명
- Climate change
- 키워드
- Water scarcity
- 기타저자
- New York University Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211151019
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798383161111
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30996337
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a363
■1001 ▼aDanza, Facundo.
■24510▼aEssays on Climate Adaptation
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNew York University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a185 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Waldinger, Daniel.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
■520 ▼aMy dissertation contributes to the understanding of how economic agents adapt to weather variability and water scarcity and policies to mitigate the environmental impact of water and energy use. It is structured into three chapters, each focusing on different aspects of the issue: the first chapter focuses on the optimal use of groundwater in the agricultural sector; the second chapter analyzes the effect that weather shocks have on international migration; and the last chapter explores the effect of small-scale green energy production on electricity demand.In Chapter 1, I study the use of groundwater in the US agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is the primary water consumer in the US and groundwater is one of its main sources. Groundwater use presents a common pool problem: if a farmer pumps groundwater, she decreases the aquifer's water table and thus increases the cost of pumping for farmers in the same aquifer. In this chapter, I leverage detailed farmer-level data on (ground)water use, crop choices, and crop yields to study the equilibrium implications of the current groundwater costs. I focus on the Ogallala Aquifer in Nebraska. In order to estimate the effect of water costs on water use and crop choices, I combine a crop-growth model with an economic model. I use the crop-growth model to recover the precise relation between water use and crop yields. I use the economic model to estimate the marginal cost of water for farmers. I then quantify how farmers respond to water costs by switching which crop they plant or changing the water use per planted crop. I find that farmers are inelastic to water costs: a 10% increase in the water cost would decrease water use by 3%. Moreover, I find that farmers adapt to higher water costs by both reducing the water use per planted crop and fallowing the land. Lastly, I utilize my estimates to compute the optimal and sustainable tax on groundwater use.In Chapter 2, joint work with Eungik Lee, we study the effect of weather shocks on legal and illegal migration from rural Mexico to the US. First, we find that shocks in the wet season on precipitation and temperature increase migration. The increment is entirely driven by illegal migrants. Second, we propose a mechanism to explain this result: the effect of weather on agricultural production. We find that shocks in precipitation and temperature decrease total harvested land and corn production. Third, we show that young and unwealthy workers are more sensitive to weather shocks. Lastly, we use climate projections to have a first glance at the impact that climate change will have on migration. We find that a shift in the size of climate change would double the number of illegal migrants.In Chapter 3, joint work with Natalia D'Agosti, we study the green-electricity microgeneration in Uruguay. Since 2010, the Uruguayan government has fostered the installation of solar panels among households and firms to promote small-scale renewable electricity production. Under this policy, agents with solar panels are allowed to feed any electricity surplus into the grid. We study the economic and environmental consequences of this policy. We collect a novel dataset on electricity extraction and injection into the grid at a household-firm level for the whole country. First, we find that installing a solar panel reduces the electricity extracted from the grid. Second, we find that it increases the electricity injected into the grid. Third, we find that it reduces CO2 emissions between 0.35 and 0.03 kg per month and agent. Fourth, we find evidence of a rebound effect: electricity consumption after the solar panel installation increases between 20% and 26%, on average. Lastly, we propose an alternative policy that allows agents to store their electricity surplus in batteries instead of immediately injecting it into the grid. According to our model, the best time to inject electricity into the grid is around 9 PM, when fossil-fuel facilities satisfy most of the electricity demand.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aClimate change
■653 ▼aAgricultural production
■653 ▼aClimate variability
■653 ▼aEnergy transition
■653 ▼aInternational migration
■653 ▼aWater scarcity
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0438
■690 ▼a0404
■71020▼aNew York University▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12B.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160436▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


