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Parental Death and Schooling: Gendered Spheres of Production and Parental Preferences
Parental Death and Schooling: Gendered Spheres of Production and Parental Preferences
Parental Death and Schooling: Gendered Spheres of Production and Parental Preferences

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151022
ISBN  
9798383419953
DDC  
338
저자명  
Guerrero, Rodrigo.
서명/저자  
Parental Death and Schooling: Gendered Spheres of Production and Parental Preferences
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
106 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Rosenzweig, Mark.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약A substantial fraction of the population in the developing world experiences the death of a parent during childhood. This dissertation analyzes the consequences of early parental death on schooling in India, where one in ten individuals faces such a loss before turning 18. By examining the mechanisms through which parental death affects schooling, this study sheds light on how educational choices are shaped by household resources, children's opportunity cost of time, parental preferences, and intrahousehold bargaining. The study disentangles and quantifies these mechanisms by using the death shock, time-use data, and itemized expenditure data to estimate a structural model of household consumption and time allocation.First, I estimate the causal effect of parental death on school enrollment. To address endogeneity concerns associated with comparing orphans and non-orphans, identification relies on variation in the timing of parental loss among nearly 10,000 orphans. Specifically, I compare the enrollment choice of a child before and after parental death, relative to children of the same age observed at the same time, but who will experience the shock in a later wave. I find that among children aged 12 to 18, both paternal and maternal deaths lead to a 7-percentage point decline in the probability of school enrollment.Second, this study analyzes the mechanisms underlying the effects of parental loss on schooling. Specifically, I evaluate the importance of three channels: (1) changes in household resources, (2) loss of parental inputs into human capital production, and (3) shifts in preferences due to the transition from two-parent to single-parent households. Given the strict gendered division of labor in India, the resource mechanism delivers tight predictions. Paternal death reduces household income and therefore should mostly affect sons, while maternal death constitutes a loss in home production and therefore should mostly affect daughters. Analysis of time-use data confirms that when a father dies, sons drop out of school to enter the labor force, and when a mother dies, daughters drop out of school to manage domestic responsibilities. However, I also find that maternal loss drives sons into the labor force, despite the fact that the shock does not affect household income or the probability of hiring domestic help. This result indicates that the resource mechanism cannot fully explain the observed effects and that changes in household preferences or loss in parental inputs play an important role.To quantify the relative importance of each mechanism, I estimate a structural model of household consumption and time allocation that incorporates household production, public goods, and parental bargaining. On the production side, households combine time and raw materials to produce a domestic good. Each parent has distinct preferences over market goods, the domestic good, children's education, and the leisure of each household member. The parents bargain over the intra-household allocation of resources in a collective household framework. The model is estimated using shifts in time allocation and itemized expenditure in response to the death shock. The estimates show that compared to fathers, mothers have a stronger preference for schooling and a lower bargaining weight in intrahousehold decisions. Paternal death affects schooling decisions by reducing household income, while maternal death affects schooling decisions by changing household preferences and removing her contribution to home production.Counterfactual simulations show that providing unconditional cash transfers of Rs. 4,000 per month following the death of either parent is sufficient to keep male orphans in school. In contrast, unconditional transfers prove ineffective in keeping female orphans in school. To eliminate the schooling effects of maternal death on daughters, a cash transfer conditional on enrollment of Rs. 3,000 per month is an effective policy tool.
일반주제명  
Asian studies
키워드  
Childhood
키워드  
Early parental death
키워드  
Schooling
키워드  
India
키워드  
Home production
기타저자  
Yale University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30996547
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■1001  ▼aGuerrero,  Rodrigo.
■24510▼aParental  Death  and  Schooling:  Gendered  Spheres  of  Production  and  Parental  Preferences
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a106  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Rosenzweig,  Mark.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aA  substantial  fraction  of  the  population  in  the  developing  world  experiences  the  death  of  a  parent  during  childhood.  This  dissertation  analyzes  the  consequences  of  early  parental  death  on  schooling  in  India,  where  one  in  ten  individuals  faces  such  a  loss  before  turning  18.  By  examining  the  mechanisms  through  which  parental  death  affects  schooling,  this  study  sheds  light  on  how  educational  choices  are  shaped  by  household  resources,  children's  opportunity  cost  of  time,  parental  preferences,  and  intrahousehold  bargaining.  The  study  disentangles  and  quantifies  these  mechanisms  by  using  the  death  shock,  time-use  data,  and  itemized  expenditure  data  to  estimate  a  structural  model  of  household  consumption  and  time  allocation.First,  I  estimate  the  causal  effect  of  parental  death  on  school  enrollment.  To  address  endogeneity  concerns  associated  with  comparing  orphans  and  non-orphans,  identification  relies  on  variation  in  the  timing  of  parental  loss  among  nearly  10,000  orphans.  Specifically,  I  compare  the  enrollment  choice  of  a  child  before  and  after  parental  death,  relative  to  children  of  the  same  age  observed  at  the  same  time,  but  who  will  experience  the  shock  in  a  later  wave.  I  find  that  among  children  aged  12  to  18,  both  paternal  and  maternal  deaths  lead  to  a  7-percentage  point  decline  in  the  probability  of  school  enrollment.Second,  this  study  analyzes  the  mechanisms  underlying  the  effects  of  parental  loss  on  schooling.  Specifically,  I  evaluate  the  importance  of  three  channels:  (1)  changes  in  household  resources,  (2)  loss  of  parental  inputs  into  human  capital  production,  and  (3)  shifts  in  preferences  due  to  the  transition  from  two-parent  to  single-parent  households.  Given  the  strict  gendered  division  of  labor  in  India,  the  resource  mechanism  delivers  tight  predictions.  Paternal  death  reduces  household  income  and  therefore  should  mostly  affect  sons,  while  maternal  death  constitutes  a  loss  in  home  production  and  therefore  should  mostly  affect  daughters.  Analysis  of  time-use  data  confirms  that  when  a  father  dies,  sons  drop  out  of  school  to  enter  the  labor  force,  and  when  a  mother  dies,  daughters  drop  out  of  school  to  manage  domestic  responsibilities.  However,  I  also  find  that  maternal  loss  drives  sons  into  the  labor  force,  despite  the  fact  that  the  shock  does  not  affect  household  income  or  the  probability  of  hiring  domestic  help.  This  result  indicates  that  the  resource  mechanism  cannot  fully  explain  the  observed  effects  and  that  changes  in  household  preferences  or  loss  in  parental  inputs  play  an  important  role.To  quantify  the  relative  importance  of  each  mechanism,  I  estimate  a  structural  model  of  household  consumption  and  time  allocation  that  incorporates  household  production,  public  goods,  and  parental  bargaining.  On  the  production  side,  households  combine  time  and  raw  materials  to  produce  a  domestic  good.  Each  parent  has  distinct  preferences  over  market  goods,  the  domestic  good,  children's  education,  and  the  leisure  of  each  household  member.  The  parents  bargain  over  the  intra-household  allocation  of  resources  in  a  collective  household  framework.  The  model  is  estimated  using  shifts  in  time  allocation  and  itemized  expenditure  in  response  to  the  death  shock.  The  estimates  show  that  compared  to  fathers,  mothers  have  a  stronger  preference  for  schooling  and  a  lower  bargaining  weight  in  intrahousehold  decisions.  Paternal  death  affects  schooling  decisions  by  reducing  household  income,  while  maternal  death  affects  schooling  decisions  by  changing  household  preferences  and  removing  her  contribution  to  home  production.Counterfactual  simulations  show  that  providing  unconditional  cash  transfers  of  Rs.  4,000  per  month  following  the  death  of  either  parent  is  sufficient  to  keep  male  orphans  in  school.  In  contrast,  unconditional  transfers  prove  ineffective  in  keeping  female  orphans  in  school.  To  eliminate  the  schooling  effects  of  maternal  death  on  daughters,  a  cash  transfer  conditional  on  enrollment  of  Rs.  3,000  per  month  is  an  effective  policy  tool.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aAsian  studies
■653    ▼aChildhood
■653    ▼aEarly  parental  death
■653    ▼aSchooling
■653    ▼aIndia
■653    ▼aHome  production
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0342
■71020▼aYale  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02A.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160451▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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