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Optimal Vehicle Control Under Friction Uncertainty - From Driver Assistance to Drift Transitions
Optimal Vehicle Control Under Friction Uncertainty - From Driver Assistance to Drift Trans...
Optimal Vehicle Control Under Friction Uncertainty - From Driver Assistance to Drift Transitions

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152118
ISBN  
9798384341536
DDC  
600
저자명  
Talbot, John Andrew.
서명/저자  
Optimal Vehicle Control Under Friction Uncertainty - From Driver Assistance to Drift Transitions
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
123 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Includes supplementary digital materials.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gerdes, J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Automobiles play a significant role in the lives of people worldwide. They provide a relatively accessible means to transportation, impacting a person's economic and social opportunities. Unfortunately, operating automobiles carries a risk. The World Health Organization estimates that 1.2 million people were killed in automobile crashes in 2019 alone. After decades of progress reducing vehicle fatalities in the United States, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that 2021 showed the largest increase in vehicle related deaths since they began recording them.Following the passage of the National Highway and Motor Vehicle Safety Act in the 1960's, automotive researchers and manufactures have created many systems designed to reduce the risk of driving. These range from passive systems like seat belts to active systems like the ABS and ESC. The technologies played a crucial role in decreasing traffic fatalities in past decades. More advanced technologies are entering the market with the ability to help prevent rear end crashes and stop drivers from departing the driving lane. Despite these advances, state of the art production systems perform in a fairly confined ODD. Each system may only have authority over one or two actuation systems and can only sense a specific type of emergency. For the greatest impact in righting the trend in vehicle fatalities, the next generation of ADAS must be able to reason more generally about the safety of the vehicle in the context of its current operating state and environment.This dissertation contributes three novel systems in furtherance of an general ADAS. Chapter 2 contributes an NMPC formulation to keep a vehicle safely on the roadway while matching a driver's commands. It builds on a body of previous work beginning with linear MPC formulations for stability control and environmental safety. These methods lack the ability to influence vehicle speed which becomes critically important near the vehicles handling limits. Later work introduces MPC controlling both steering and tractive forces. We improve on previous work by improving the objective function to better match drivers commands, introducing a concept of safe reference speed to improve robustness to unmodeled disturbances, and a method to minimize delays between driver commands and vehicle actuator movements.Chapter 3 contributes an NMPC that blends two different model fidelities to lower computational costs and allows a driver to explore the limits of vehicle friction. This formulation builds on Chapter 2 leveraging experience gained in a challenging ice test track on a frozen lake. This environment challenged our controllers with highly variable tire road friction as the tires traversed patches of polished ice and packed snow. Previous approaches proved too conservative for a drivers comfort and safety. What's more, the approach given in Chapter 2 lacked the long prediction horizon needed to set up slowly evolving ice maneuvers. To address these challenges we developed a controller that allows the driver to explore past the modeled limits of friction in a tunable manner. We employ serially cascaded models over the prediction horizon to lower computation costs while increasing our predictive ability. This inflection provides an opportunity to link the change in objective function (from matching the driver to tracking a safe path) to a dynamically meaningful metric.All of the work up to this point prioritizes stabilizing the vehicle (bounding or minimizing the angle between its velocity and heading). Work in the field of autonomous drifting illustrates that we are not limited to this choice. Chapter 4 contributes an optimal control approach to planning and executing drift transitions which can adjust to goal state changes in real-time. By operating away from the stable handling region, we enable maneuvers unachievable by the previous controllers. These techniques could empower future ADAS to better avoid accidents and improve overall safety.
일반주제명  
Friction
일반주제명  
Tires
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aTalbot,  John  Andrew.
■24510▼aOptimal  Vehicle  Control  Under  Friction  Uncertainty  -  From  Driver  Assistance  to  Drift  Transitions
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a123  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aIncludes  supplementary  digital  materials.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gerdes,  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aAutomobiles  play  a  significant  role  in  the  lives  of  people  worldwide.  They  provide  a  relatively  accessible  means  to  transportation,  impacting  a  person's  economic  and  social  opportunities.  Unfortunately,  operating  automobiles  carries  a  risk.  The  World  Health  Organization  estimates  that  1.2  million  people  were  killed  in  automobile  crashes  in  2019  alone.  After  decades  of  progress  reducing  vehicle  fatalities  in  the  United  States,  the  National  Highway  Traffic  Safety  Administration  reports  that  2021  showed  the  largest  increase  in  vehicle  related  deaths  since  they  began  recording  them.Following  the  passage  of  the  National  Highway  and  Motor  Vehicle  Safety  Act  in  the  1960's,  automotive  researchers  and  manufactures  have  created  many  systems  designed  to  reduce  the  risk  of  driving.  These  range  from  passive  systems  like  seat  belts  to  active  systems  like  the  ABS  and  ESC.  The  technologies  played  a  crucial  role  in  decreasing  traffic  fatalities  in  past  decades.  More  advanced  technologies  are  entering  the  market  with  the  ability  to  help  prevent  rear  end  crashes  and  stop  drivers  from  departing  the  driving  lane.  Despite  these  advances,  state  of  the  art  production  systems  perform  in  a  fairly  confined  ODD.  Each  system  may  only  have  authority  over  one  or  two  actuation  systems  and  can  only  sense  a  specific  type  of  emergency.  For  the  greatest  impact  in  righting  the  trend  in  vehicle  fatalities,  the  next  generation  of  ADAS  must  be  able  to  reason  more  generally  about  the  safety  of  the  vehicle  in  the  context  of  its  current  operating  state  and  environment.This  dissertation  contributes  three  novel  systems  in  furtherance  of  an  general  ADAS.  Chapter  2  contributes  an  NMPC  formulation  to  keep  a  vehicle  safely  on  the  roadway  while  matching  a  driver's  commands.  It  builds  on  a  body  of  previous  work  beginning  with  linear  MPC  formulations  for  stability  control  and  environmental  safety.  These  methods  lack  the  ability  to  influence  vehicle  speed  which  becomes  critically  important  near  the  vehicles  handling  limits.  Later  work  introduces  MPC  controlling  both  steering  and  tractive  forces.  We  improve  on  previous  work  by  improving  the  objective  function  to  better  match  drivers  commands,  introducing  a  concept  of  safe  reference  speed  to  improve  robustness  to  unmodeled  disturbances,  and  a  method  to  minimize  delays  between  driver  commands  and  vehicle  actuator  movements.Chapter  3  contributes  an  NMPC  that  blends  two  different  model  fidelities  to  lower  computational  costs  and  allows  a  driver  to  explore  the  limits  of  vehicle  friction.  This  formulation  builds  on  Chapter  2  leveraging  experience  gained  in  a  challenging  ice  test  track  on  a  frozen  lake.  This  environment  challenged  our  controllers  with  highly  variable  tire  road  friction  as  the  tires  traversed  patches  of  polished  ice  and  packed  snow.  Previous  approaches  proved  too  conservative  for  a  drivers  comfort  and  safety.  What's  more,  the  approach  given  in  Chapter  2  lacked  the  long  prediction  horizon  needed  to  set  up  slowly  evolving  ice  maneuvers.  To  address  these  challenges  we  developed  a  controller  that  allows  the  driver  to  explore  past  the  modeled  limits  of  friction  in  a  tunable  manner.  We  employ  serially  cascaded  models  over  the  prediction  horizon  to  lower  computation  costs  while  increasing  our  predictive  ability.  This  inflection  provides  an  opportunity  to  link  the  change  in  objective  function  (from  matching  the  driver  to  tracking  a  safe  path)  to  a  dynamically  meaningful  metric.All  of  the  work  up  to  this  point  prioritizes  stabilizing  the  vehicle  (bounding  or  minimizing  the  angle  between  its  velocity  and  heading).  Work  in  the  field  of  autonomous  drifting  illustrates  that  we  are  not  limited  to  this  choice.  Chapter  4  contributes  an  optimal  control  approach  to  planning  and  executing  drift  transitions  which  can  adjust  to  goal  state  changes  in  real-time.  By  operating  away  from  the  stable  handling  region,  we  enable  maneuvers  unachievable  by  the  previous  controllers.  These  techniques  could  empower  future  ADAS  to  better  avoid  accidents  and  improve  overall  safety.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aFriction
■650  4▼aTires
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■690    ▼a0548
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162970▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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