서브메뉴
검색
Inducible CRISPR-Targeted 'Knockdown' of Human Gut Bacteroides in Mice Reveals Glycan Utilization Strategies
Inducible CRISPR-Targeted 'Knockdown' of Human Gut Bacteroides in Mice Reveals Glycan Utilization Strategies
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151422
- ISBN
- 9798382579863
- DDC
- 576
- 서명/저자
- Inducible CRISPR-Targeted Knockdown of Human Gut Bacteroides in Mice Reveals Glycan Utilization Strategies
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Washington University in St Louis, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 241 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Includes supplementary digital materials.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Gordon, Jeffrey I.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Learning how members of the human gut microbiota compete and cooperate for dietary nutrients, such as fiber-associated glycans, should help facilitate development of more precise nutritional recommendations for improving health. To model how bacteria prioritize the utilization of different fiber glycans in the mammalian gut, germ-free mice were colonized with a 13-member consortium of cultured, genome-sequenced human bacterial strains, including seven Bacteroides species. Animals were fed a Western diet supplemented with pea fiber. Once the consortium had time to assemble, an inducible CRISPR-based system was used to deplete the absolute abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron or B. cellulosilyticus by 10- to 60-fold. Each type of knockdown resulted in specific, reproducible increases in the absolute abundances of other Bacteroides, with accompanying changes in their glycan prioritization, most notably involving changes in the expression of their polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). The emergence of these 'alternate consumers' was associated with preservation of the community's capacity to metabolize fiber glycans, as judged by measurements of degradation of polysaccharides covalently attached to orally administered artificial food particles, and of monosaccharides and glycosidic linkages remaining in cecal contents. Finally, using a Cas9-PmCDA1 base editing system, we disrupted translation of transporters critical for utilizing abundant dietary polysaccharides in Bacteroides vulgatus, a B. cellulosilyticus knockdown-responsive taxon, to further characterize mechanisms associated with its increased fitness following knockdown. Using this approach to define how nutrient resource utilization is prioritized among community members could help delineate the origins of robustness and resiliency in the microbiota, as well as aid in the design of microbiota-directed therapeutics.
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology
- 일반주제명
- Molecular biology
- 일반주제명
- Developmental biology
- 키워드
- Gnotobiotic mice
- 기타저자
- Washington University in St. Louis Biology & Biomedical Sciences (Computational & Systems Biology)
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017161619
■00520250211151422
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798382579863
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31294259
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a576
■1001 ▼aBeller, Zachary Walter.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-3965-9147
■24510▼aInducible CRISPR-Targeted 'Knockdown' of Human Gut Bacteroides in Mice Reveals Glycan Utilization Strategies
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bWashington University in St Louis▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a241 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aIncludes supplementary digital materials.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Gordon, Jeffrey I.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2024.
■520 ▼aLearning how members of the human gut microbiota compete and cooperate for dietary nutrients, such as fiber-associated glycans, should help facilitate development of more precise nutritional recommendations for improving health. To model how bacteria prioritize the utilization of different fiber glycans in the mammalian gut, germ-free mice were colonized with a 13-member consortium of cultured, genome-sequenced human bacterial strains, including seven Bacteroides species. Animals were fed a Western diet supplemented with pea fiber. Once the consortium had time to assemble, an inducible CRISPR-based system was used to deplete the absolute abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron or B. cellulosilyticus by 10- to 60-fold. Each type of knockdown resulted in specific, reproducible increases in the absolute abundances of other Bacteroides, with accompanying changes in their glycan prioritization, most notably involving changes in the expression of their polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). The emergence of these 'alternate consumers' was associated with preservation of the community's capacity to metabolize fiber glycans, as judged by measurements of degradation of polysaccharides covalently attached to orally administered artificial food particles, and of monosaccharides and glycosidic linkages remaining in cecal contents. Finally, using a Cas9-PmCDA1 base editing system, we disrupted translation of transporters critical for utilizing abundant dietary polysaccharides in Bacteroides vulgatus, a B. cellulosilyticus knockdown-responsive taxon, to further characterize mechanisms associated with its increased fitness following knockdown. Using this approach to define how nutrient resource utilization is prioritized among community members could help delineate the origins of robustness and resiliency in the microbiota, as well as aid in the design of microbiota-directed therapeutics.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0252.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aMolecular biology
■650 4▼aDevelopmental biology
■653 ▼aGnotobiotic mice
■653 ▼aHuman gut microbiome
■653 ▼aInterbacterial interactions
■653 ▼aPolysaccharide utilization
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0758
■690 ▼a0307
■71020▼aWashington University in St. Louis▼bBiology & Biomedical Sciences (Computational & Systems Biology).
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-11B.
■790 ▼a0252
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161619▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


