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Investigation of a Dilute Flow Particle Reactor for Coupling Thermochemical Energy Storage to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles
Investigation of a Dilute Flow Particle Reactor for Coupling Thermochemical Energy Storage...
Investigation of a Dilute Flow Particle Reactor for Coupling Thermochemical Energy Storage to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152959
ISBN  
9798346376316
DDC  
621
저자명  
Siefering, Bryan J.
서명/저자  
Investigation of a Dilute Flow Particle Reactor for Coupling Thermochemical Energy Storage to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
193 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fronk, Brian M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Particle based energy storage technologies show promise to link the temporal mismatch between energy demand and energy availability in renewable resources such as solar thermal. The objective of this thesis is determining the feasibility of recovering energy from dilute streams of particles that store sensible and chemical energy, referred to as thermochemical energy storage (TCES). TCES materials such as non-stoichiometric perovskite oxides can be used for multi-day energy storage needs because of their increased energy storage density and duration compared to inert systems that do not utilize chemical energy storage. The TCES materials are charged and discharged in a two-step cyclic process. During periods of high renewable energy availability, particles are heated, reduced and stored in a high energy density state. During discharging, the particles are re-oxidized and the chemical and sensible energy of the particles is recovered and transferred into a working fluid to drive a heat engine such as a recompression supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycle. The device that performs this task is referred to as an Energy Recovery Reactor (ERR), and the development of this component based on theoretical and physical considerations is the specific focus of this thesis. Within the ERR, reduced TCES particles re-oxidize in a counterflow air stream at temperatures 900°C and near atmospheric pressure, using the O2 in the air as a reactant. Reduced order numerical models developed in this study analyze the heat transfer and re-oxidation performance of the particle stream based on moving equilibrium reaction conditions at varying temperatures and partial pressures of O2. Within the model, a particle numbering up approach is used to evaluate the individual heat transfer of a single particle with its surrounding using well established heat transfer correlations. Within the ERR, the particles flow in a dilute flow regime where the solid volume fraction is ~1%, enabling high view factors and effective particle-to-heat exchanger wall radiation.From these models, two prototype ERR devices were designed, fabricated, and tested at various conditions with inert and reactive particles and pressurized air and sCO2 as the working fluids. The tradeoff between the heat transfer performance and the hydrodynamics of a dilute flow particle stream with counterflow air must be balanced which leads to a design with surface area enhancements. The first prototype, a shell and tube design described in Phase 1 of this work, was tested using ¬pressurized air as the heat transfer fluid and inert particles but did not effectively transfer heat from the particle domain into the working fluid due to a thermal bottleneck caused by high thermal resistances in the heat exchanger core containing the working fluid. A second prototype, with a counterflow tube-in-tube design increased the heat transfer effectiveness from the dilute particle flow to the working fluid through by 272% by balancing the thermal resistance between the particles and the working fluid in the design of the heat exchanger.Experimental results are compared with the reduced order model and show predictive capabilities with MAPE of under 20%. The model also predicts the behavior of the ERR prototypes when tested with reactive particles at design conditions, showing that for equal heat duties, reactive particles streams require flow rates 35.8% less than inert particle streams, highlighting the increased energy storage density of reactive particle media used in TCES system compared to inert particle media used in more conventional TES systems. The tools and methods described in this thesis can be used to guide the design of future dilute particle-to-sCO2 heat exchangers to increase the technology readiness level of particle based thermochemical energy storage.
일반주제명  
Heat transfer
일반주제명  
Nitrates
일반주제명  
Air flow
일반주제명  
Solar energy
일반주제명  
Thermal energy
일반주제명  
Oxidation
일반주제명  
Heat exchangers
일반주제명  
Electricity generation
일반주제명  
Carbon dioxide
일반주제명  
Electric rates
일반주제명  
Cold storage
일반주제명  
Metal oxides
일반주제명  
Energy storage
일반주제명  
Alternative energy sources
일반주제명  
Heat conductivity
일반주제명  
Boundary conditions
일반주제명  
Industrial plant emissions
일반주제명  
Technology
일반주제명  
Sun
일반주제명  
Engineers
일반주제명  
Alternative energy
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences
일반주제명  
Industrial engineering
일반주제명  
Mathematics
일반주제명  
Thermodynamics
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSiefering,  Bryan  J.
■24510▼aInvestigation  of  a  Dilute  Flow  Particle  Reactor  for  Coupling  Thermochemical  Energy  Storage  to  Supercritical  Carbon  Dioxide  Brayton  Cycles
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a193  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fronk,  Brian  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aParticle  based  energy  storage  technologies  show  promise  to  link  the  temporal  mismatch  between  energy  demand  and  energy  availability  in  renewable  resources  such  as  solar  thermal.  The  objective  of  this  thesis  is  determining  the  feasibility  of  recovering  energy  from  dilute  streams  of  particles  that  store  sensible  and  chemical  energy,  referred  to  as  thermochemical  energy  storage  (TCES).  TCES  materials  such  as  non-stoichiometric  perovskite  oxides  can  be  used  for  multi-day  energy  storage  needs  because  of  their  increased  energy  storage  density  and  duration  compared  to  inert  systems  that  do  not  utilize  chemical  energy  storage.  The  TCES  materials  are  charged  and  discharged  in  a  two-step  cyclic  process.  During  periods  of  high  renewable  energy  availability,  particles  are  heated,  reduced  and  stored  in  a  high  energy  density  state.  During  discharging,  the  particles  are  re-oxidized  and  the  chemical  and  sensible  energy  of  the  particles  is  recovered  and  transferred  into  a  working  fluid  to  drive  a  heat  engine  such  as  a  recompression  supercritical  carbon  dioxide  (sCO2)  Brayton  cycle.  The  device  that  performs  this  task  is  referred  to  as  an  Energy  Recovery  Reactor  (ERR),  and  the  development  of  this  component  based  on  theoretical  and  physical  considerations  is  the  specific  focus  of  this  thesis.  Within  the  ERR,  reduced  TCES  particles  re-oxidize  in  a  counterflow  air  stream  at  temperatures  900°C  and  near  atmospheric  pressure,  using  the  O2  in  the  air  as  a  reactant.  Reduced  order  numerical  models  developed  in  this  study  analyze  the  heat  transfer  and  re-oxidation  performance  of  the  particle  stream  based  on  moving  equilibrium  reaction  conditions  at  varying  temperatures  and  partial  pressures  of  O2.  Within  the  model,  a  particle  numbering  up  approach  is  used  to  evaluate  the  individual  heat  transfer  of  a  single  particle  with  its  surrounding  using  well  established  heat  transfer  correlations.  Within  the  ERR,  the  particles  flow  in  a  dilute  flow  regime  where  the  solid  volume  fraction  is  ~1%,  enabling  high  view  factors  and  effective  particle-to-heat  exchanger  wall  radiation.From  these  models,  two  prototype  ERR  devices  were  designed,  fabricated,  and  tested  at  various  conditions  with  inert  and  reactive  particles  and  pressurized  air  and  sCO2  as  the  working  fluids.  The  tradeoff  between  the  heat  transfer  performance  and  the  hydrodynamics  of  a  dilute  flow  particle  stream  with  counterflow  air  must  be  balanced  which  leads  to  a  design  with  surface  area  enhancements.  The  first  prototype,  a  shell  and  tube  design  described  in  Phase  1  of  this  work,  was  tested  using  ¬pressurized  air  as  the  heat  transfer  fluid  and  inert  particles  but  did  not  effectively  transfer  heat  from  the  particle  domain  into  the  working  fluid  due  to  a  thermal  bottleneck  caused  by  high  thermal  resistances  in  the  heat  exchanger  core  containing  the  working  fluid.  A  second  prototype,  with  a  counterflow  tube-in-tube  design  increased  the  heat  transfer  effectiveness  from  the  dilute  particle  flow  to  the  working  fluid  through  by  272%  by  balancing  the  thermal  resistance  between  the  particles  and  the  working  fluid  in  the  design  of  the  heat  exchanger.Experimental  results  are  compared  with  the  reduced  order  model  and  show  predictive  capabilities  with  MAPE  of  under  20%.  The  model  also  predicts  the  behavior  of  the  ERR  prototypes  when  tested  with  reactive  particles  at  design  conditions,  showing  that  for  equal  heat  duties,  reactive  particles  streams  require  flow  rates  35.8%  less  than  inert  particle  streams,  highlighting  the  increased  energy  storage  density  of  reactive  particle  media  used  in  TCES  system  compared  to  inert  particle  media  used  in  more  conventional  TES  systems.  The  tools  and  methods  described  in  this  thesis  can  be  used  to  guide  the  design  of  future  dilute  particle-to-sCO2  heat  exchangers  to  increase  the  technology  readiness  level  of  particle  based  thermochemical  energy  storage.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aHeat  transfer
■650  4▼aNitrates
■650  4▼aAir  flow
■650  4▼aSolar  energy
■650  4▼aThermal  energy
■650  4▼aOxidation
■650  4▼aHeat  exchangers
■650  4▼aElectricity  generation
■650  4▼aCarbon  dioxide
■650  4▼aElectric  rates
■650  4▼aCold  storage
■650  4▼aMetal  oxides
■650  4▼aEnergy  storage
■650  4▼aAlternative  energy  sources
■650  4▼aHeat  conductivity
■650  4▼aBoundary  conditions
■650  4▼aIndustrial  plant  emissions
■650  4▼aTechnology
■650  4▼aSun
■650  4▼aEngineers
■650  4▼aAlternative  energy
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences
■650  4▼aIndustrial  engineering
■650  4▼aMathematics
■650  4▼aThermodynamics
■690    ▼a0363
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0546
■690    ▼a0405
■690    ▼a0348
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-05B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164412▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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