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Predicting Cell Fate Using Single-Cell State and Lineage Information
Predicting Cell Fate Using Single-Cell State and Lineage Information
Predicting Cell Fate Using Single-Cell State and Lineage Information

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152758
ISBN  
9798383650899
DDC  
574
저자명  
Butka, Emily Grace.
서명/저자  
Predicting Cell Fate Using Single-Cell State and Lineage Information
발행사항  
[Sl] : Washington University in St Louis, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
190 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Morris, Samantha A.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Humans begin as a single cell, with successive cell divisions ultimately giving rise to a complex organism comprised of innumerable highly specialized cells. In this process, cells begin as pluripotent stem cells and slowly shift towards these highly specialized identities. Several technological innovations have enabled scientists to measure and track many aspects of a single cell's identity as these divisions occur, at increasingly large scale and rapidly declining cost. As a result, our fundamental understanding of cell identity has grown to encompass several layers of cellular dynamics, including aspects that are both intrinsic and extrinsic, transient and permanent, active and repressed. One genomic assay paved the way for this single-cell revolution and today remains arguably the most prominent metric for defining cell identity: single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Adjustments to previously-developed RNA-sequencing technologies have enabled scientists to capture a portion of mRNA present in a cell, painting a holistic picture of the transcriptomic activity ongoing in an individual cell at the time of capture. In addition to the transcriptome, another aspect of cell identity has fascinated developmental biologists in particular: lineage. Lineage tracing was historically accomplished by a variety of visual or microscopy-based methods. The age of genomics and sequencing created a vacuum for sequencing-based lineage tracing technologies that is today filled by a myriad of methods coupling single-cell assays with lineage information captured from the same cells.Here, we perform an exploration of single-cell RNA and lineage tracing analysis methods and tools, offering a few contributions to the field. First, we present ideas inspired by hidden Markov models that use lineage information to link clonally-related cells across developmental time in an effort to understand patterns of cell identity changes based on scRNA-seq information. With this framework, we aim to use ground truth lineage data to predict cell fate from cell state in ways that have not previously been substantially powered. An approach such as this one is still limited by the resolution of both single-cell transcriptomic information and the lineage information we are able to capture. Second, we develop single-cell analysis tools focused on the design and interpretation of lineage information. The CellTag Simulator is designed to accompany the CellTagging technology for better experimental design, with adjustable parameters for three simulations to ensure robust, identifiable clones in each unique system where CellTagging is applied. Third, Megatron (Mega-Trajectories of Clones) is developed to aid interpretation of single-cell-omics data coupled with lineage information that has been embedded in a low-dimensional manifold. We discuss the principles of clustering clones and implement methods to produce the novel concept of the 'metaclone,' a group of clones with a shared trajectory.We ultimately leverage these methods and knowledge of current challenges to better understand the process of development of mature adipocytes in skin adipose tissue. Specifically, we employ CellTagging to measure the developmental outcomes of two populations of adipocyte precursor cells, progenitors and preadipocytes. We identify a novel cell identity in this lineage that we term 'immature preadipocytes;' this population exhibits differential abundances at distinct developmental time points and tissues, and thus occupies a unique niche in distinct adipose tissues including the inguinal and skin adipose. Further, we computationally isolate the transcription factor Sox9 as a candidate whose expression may promote the differentiation of precursors toward a committed and mature adipose identity; our validation efforts suggest that Sox9 is uniquely able to affect this differentiation in progenitors alone. Finally, we investigate through cross-depot transplantation the dynamics of adipose environment on progenitors. We find that skin progenitors retain a skin progenitor identity in the inguinal adipose depot, but they differentiate to committed preadipocytes at a lower rate more that is more characteristic of inguinal adipose. In summary, this work proposes and implements several methods for design and analysis of single-cell lineage tracing experiments, as well as employs a suite of experimental and computational technologies to showcase the value of these experiments through characterization of the lineage and developmental hierarchy of skin adipogenesis.
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Dermatology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
키워드  
Adipogenesis
키워드  
Lineage tracing
키워드  
Single-cell RNA-sequencing
키워드  
Cell identity
키워드  
Skin progenitors
기타저자  
Washington University in St. Louis Biology & Biomedical Sciences (Computational & Systems Biology)
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aButka,  Emily  Grace.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-2615-3454
■24510▼aPredicting  Cell  Fate  Using  Single-Cell  State  and  Lineage  Information
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bWashington  University  in  St  Louis▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a190  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Morris,  Samantha  A.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Washington  University  in  St.  Louis,  2024.
■520    ▼aHumans  begin  as  a  single  cell,  with  successive  cell  divisions  ultimately  giving  rise  to  a  complex  organism  comprised  of  innumerable  highly  specialized  cells.  In  this  process,  cells  begin  as  pluripotent  stem  cells  and  slowly  shift  towards  these  highly  specialized  identities.  Several  technological  innovations  have  enabled  scientists  to  measure  and  track  many  aspects  of  a  single  cell's  identity  as  these  divisions  occur,  at  increasingly  large  scale  and  rapidly  declining  cost.  As  a  result,  our  fundamental  understanding  of  cell  identity  has  grown  to  encompass  several  layers  of  cellular  dynamics,  including  aspects  that  are  both  intrinsic  and  extrinsic,  transient  and  permanent,  active  and  repressed.  One  genomic  assay  paved  the  way  for  this  single-cell  revolution  and  today  remains  arguably  the  most  prominent  metric  for  defining  cell  identity:  single-cell  RNA  sequencing  (scRNA-seq).  Adjustments  to  previously-developed  RNA-sequencing  technologies  have  enabled  scientists  to  capture  a  portion  of  mRNA  present  in  a  cell,  painting  a  holistic  picture  of  the  transcriptomic  activity  ongoing  in  an  individual  cell  at  the  time  of  capture.  In  addition  to  the  transcriptome,  another  aspect  of  cell  identity  has  fascinated  developmental  biologists  in  particular:  lineage.  Lineage  tracing  was  historically  accomplished  by  a  variety  of  visual  or  microscopy-based  methods.  The  age  of  genomics  and  sequencing  created  a  vacuum  for  sequencing-based  lineage  tracing  technologies  that  is  today  filled  by  a  myriad  of  methods  coupling  single-cell  assays  with  lineage  information  captured  from  the  same  cells.Here,  we  perform  an  exploration  of  single-cell  RNA  and  lineage  tracing  analysis  methods  and  tools,  offering  a  few  contributions  to  the  field.  First,  we  present  ideas  inspired  by  hidden  Markov  models  that  use  lineage  information  to  link  clonally-related  cells  across  developmental  time  in  an  effort  to  understand  patterns  of  cell  identity  changes  based  on  scRNA-seq  information.  With  this  framework,  we  aim  to  use  ground  truth  lineage  data  to  predict  cell  fate  from  cell  state  in  ways  that  have  not  previously  been  substantially  powered.  An  approach  such  as  this  one  is  still  limited  by  the  resolution  of  both  single-cell  transcriptomic  information  and  the  lineage  information  we  are  able  to  capture.  Second,  we  develop  single-cell  analysis  tools  focused  on  the  design  and  interpretation  of  lineage  information.  The  CellTag  Simulator  is  designed  to  accompany  the  CellTagging  technology  for  better  experimental  design,  with  adjustable  parameters  for  three  simulations  to  ensure  robust,  identifiable  clones  in  each  unique  system  where  CellTagging  is  applied.  Third,  Megatron  (Mega-Trajectories  of  Clones)  is  developed  to  aid  interpretation  of  single-cell-omics  data  coupled  with  lineage  information  that  has  been  embedded  in  a  low-dimensional  manifold.  We  discuss  the  principles  of  clustering  clones  and  implement  methods  to  produce  the  novel  concept  of  the  'metaclone,'  a  group  of  clones  with  a  shared  trajectory.We  ultimately  leverage  these  methods  and  knowledge  of  current  challenges  to  better  understand  the  process  of  development  of  mature  adipocytes  in  skin  adipose  tissue.  Specifically,  we  employ  CellTagging  to  measure  the  developmental  outcomes  of  two  populations  of  adipocyte  precursor  cells,  progenitors  and  preadipocytes.  We  identify  a  novel  cell  identity  in  this  lineage  that  we  term  'immature  preadipocytes;'  this  population  exhibits  differential  abundances  at  distinct  developmental  time  points  and  tissues,  and  thus  occupies  a  unique  niche  in  distinct  adipose  tissues  including  the  inguinal  and  skin  adipose.  Further,  we  computationally  isolate  the  transcription  factor  Sox9  as  a  candidate  whose  expression  may  promote  the  differentiation  of  precursors  toward  a  committed  and  mature  adipose  identity;  our  validation  efforts  suggest  that  Sox9  is  uniquely  able  to  affect  this  differentiation  in  progenitors  alone.  Finally,  we  investigate  through  cross-depot  transplantation  the  dynamics  of  adipose  environment  on  progenitors.  We  find  that  skin  progenitors  retain  a  skin  progenitor  identity  in  the  inguinal  adipose  depot,  but  they  differentiate  to  committed  preadipocytes  at  a  lower  rate  more  that  is  more  characteristic  of  inguinal  adipose.  In  summary,  this  work  proposes  and  implements  several  methods  for  design  and  analysis  of  single-cell  lineage  tracing  experiments,  as  well  as  employs  a  suite  of  experimental  and  computational  technologies  to  showcase  the  value  of  these  experiments  through  characterization  of  the  lineage  and  developmental  hierarchy  of  skin  adipogenesis.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0252.
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aDermatology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■653    ▼aAdipogenesis
■653    ▼aLineage  tracing
■653    ▼aSingle-cell  RNA-sequencing
■653    ▼aCell  identity
■653    ▼aSkin  progenitors
■690    ▼a0715
■690    ▼a0758
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0757
■71020▼aWashington  University  in  St.  Louis▼bBiology  &  Biomedical  Sciences  (Computational  &  Systems  Biology).
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0252
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163824▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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