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Mechanisms and Consequences of Lactate- and Glycolate-Driven Physiology in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mechanisms and Consequences of Lactate- and Glycolate-Driven Physiology in Pseudomonas aer...
Mechanisms and Consequences of Lactate- and Glycolate-Driven Physiology in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152759
ISBN  
9798384020585
DDC  
576
저자명  
Florek, Lindsey C.
서명/저자  
Mechanisms and Consequences of Lactate- and Glycolate-Driven Physiology in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
193 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Dietrich, Lars E. P.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Lactate is an important metabolic intermediate in mammals, and increased lactate production has been shown to occur under inflammatory conditions. Invading bacteria can utilize this lactate as a carbon source for growth and persistence in infection contexts, and a deeper understanding of bacterial lactate metabolism is therefore essential for treating such infections. One bacterial species that can utilize lactate for growth and that is often found in environments where lactate accumulates is the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is most known for its colonization of the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis and of chronic wounds, environments where lactate concentrations can range from 10-40 mM. This thesis uncovers the details of lactate metabolism in P. aeruginosa, including the regulation of its lactate utilization genes, and elucidates several aspects of cell metabolism found to influence lactate consumption.Chapter 1 provides a background into the prevalence of lactate as a major metabolic intermediate in mammals and the rationale for why it has become such a well-studied compound. This chapter also touches on the diversity of lactate utilization enzymes and their regulation across various bacterial species, and takes a closer look at P. aeruginosa's ability to cause infection. Since much of P. aerugionsa's success as a pathogen is linked to aspects of its metabolism, a comprehensive picture of the core pathways that support its growth and survival has the potential to reveal drug targets or inform therapeutic strategies.Chapter 2 dives deeper into the regulatory mechanisms underpinning lactate utilization in P. aeruginosa and explores the reasoning behind P. aeruginosa's possession of two, seemingly redundant L-lactate dehydrogenase genes: lldD and lldA. The chapter discusses how the two unique regulators of these genes - LldR and LldS, respectively - confer distinct conditional sensitivities on the expression of lldD and lldA, especially with respect to iron and glycolate concentrations. These diverse inputs allow P. aeruginosa to adapt its lactate utilization to specific environments.Chapter 3 takes a closer look at glycolate metabolism in P. aeruginosa, since glycolate is structurally similar to lactate and, as described in Chapter 2, has been identified as a potent inhibitor of LldD-dependent lactate metabolism. Although evidence suggests glycolate is also present in infection sites, little is known about its metabolism, especially in pathogenic bacteria. Within this chapter, my co-authors and I demonstrate that expression of the P. aeruginosa glcDEFG operon is responsive to glycolate, and that the operon is expressed in the absence of added glycolate, suggesting that this metabolite is produced endogenously. We speculate that the main source of this glycolate is glyoxal/methylglyoxal detoxification, a process whereby toxic metabolic byproducts are converted into either glycolate or lactate. The fact that glyoxal/ methylglyoxal detoxification produces both glycolate and lactate underscores the high degree of cross-talk between the bioactivities of these two metabolites.Finally, Chapter 4 goes into more detail about a core theme introduced in the other chapters - how P. aeruginosa adapts its metabolism in response to changing oxygen and nutrient conditions. P. aeruginosa possesses two rubredoxin genes, which encode small soluble electron carriers believed to help it cope with oxidative stress. This chapter demonstrates that induction of the rubredoxin genes in liquid culture may occur at key time points associated with oxidative stress and metabolic shifts, and may be linked to changes in lactate and glycolate metabolism.This thesis lays the groundwork for understanding aspects of P. aeruginosa physiology that have yet to be fully explored, including the regulatory relationships between detoxification mechanisms and central metabolism, the condition-dependent control of metabolic pathways that affects physiological differentiation in multicellular structures and in infection sites, and the potential for neighboring species in polymicrobial infections to influence P. aeruginosa physiology and virulence. This work will hopefully bring to light the need to study these metabolic and regulatory pathways, not just in Pseudomonas spp., but in other organisms as well, as many of these core biochemical processes are evolutionarily conserved.
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
키워드  
Biofilm
키워드  
Lactate
키워드  
Metabolism
키워드  
Pseudomonas
키워드  
Mammals
기타저자  
Columbia University Biological Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aFlorek,  Lindsey  C.
■24510▼aMechanisms  and  Consequences  of  Lactate-  and  Glycolate-Driven  Physiology  in  Pseudomonas  aeruginosa
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a193  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Dietrich,  Lars  E.  P.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aLactate  is  an  important  metabolic  intermediate  in  mammals,  and  increased  lactate  production  has  been  shown  to  occur  under  inflammatory  conditions.  Invading  bacteria  can  utilize  this  lactate  as  a  carbon  source  for  growth  and  persistence  in  infection  contexts,  and  a  deeper  understanding  of  bacterial  lactate  metabolism  is  therefore  essential  for  treating  such  infections.  One  bacterial  species  that  can  utilize  lactate  for  growth  and  that  is  often  found  in  environments  where  lactate  accumulates  is  the  opportunistic  pathogen  Pseudomonas  aeruginosa.  P.  aeruginosa  is  most  known  for  its  colonization  of  the  lungs  of  people  with  cystic  fibrosis  and  of  chronic  wounds,  environments  where  lactate  concentrations  can  range  from  10-40  mM.  This  thesis  uncovers  the  details  of  lactate  metabolism  in  P.  aeruginosa,  including  the  regulation  of  its  lactate  utilization  genes,  and  elucidates  several  aspects  of  cell  metabolism  found  to  influence  lactate  consumption.Chapter  1  provides  a  background  into  the  prevalence  of  lactate  as  a  major  metabolic  intermediate  in  mammals  and  the  rationale  for  why  it  has  become  such  a  well-studied  compound.  This  chapter  also  touches  on  the  diversity  of  lactate  utilization  enzymes  and  their  regulation  across  various  bacterial  species,  and  takes  a  closer  look  at  P.  aeruginosa's  ability  to  cause  infection.  Since  much  of  P.  aerugionsa's  success  as  a  pathogen  is  linked  to  aspects  of  its  metabolism,  a  comprehensive  picture  of  the  core  pathways  that  support  its  growth  and  survival  has  the  potential  to  reveal  drug  targets  or  inform  therapeutic  strategies.Chapter  2  dives  deeper  into  the  regulatory  mechanisms  underpinning  lactate  utilization  in  P.  aeruginosa  and  explores  the  reasoning  behind  P.  aeruginosa's  possession  of  two,  seemingly  redundant  L-lactate  dehydrogenase  genes:  lldD  and  lldA.  The  chapter  discusses  how  the  two  unique  regulators  of  these  genes  -  LldR  and  LldS,  respectively  -  confer  distinct  conditional  sensitivities  on  the  expression  of  lldD  and  lldA,  especially  with  respect  to  iron  and glycolate  concentrations.  These  diverse  inputs  allow  P.  aeruginosa  to  adapt  its  lactate  utilization  to  specific  environments.Chapter  3  takes  a  closer  look  at  glycolate  metabolism  in  P.  aeruginosa,  since  glycolate  is  structurally  similar  to  lactate  and,  as  described  in  Chapter  2,  has  been  identified  as  a  potent  inhibitor  of  LldD-dependent  lactate  metabolism.  Although  evidence  suggests  glycolate  is  also  present  in  infection  sites,  little  is  known  about  its  metabolism,  especially  in  pathogenic  bacteria.  Within  this  chapter,  my  co-authors  and  I  demonstrate  that  expression  of  the  P.  aeruginosa  glcDEFG  operon  is  responsive  to  glycolate,  and  that  the  operon  is  expressed  in  the  absence  of  added  glycolate,  suggesting  that  this  metabolite  is  produced  endogenously.  We  speculate  that  the  main  source  of  this  glycolate  is  glyoxal/methylglyoxal  detoxification,  a  process  whereby  toxic  metabolic  byproducts  are  converted  into  either  glycolate  or  lactate.  The  fact  that  glyoxal/  methylglyoxal  detoxification  produces  both  glycolate  and  lactate  underscores  the  high  degree  of  cross-talk  between  the  bioactivities  of  these  two  metabolites.Finally,  Chapter  4  goes  into  more  detail  about  a  core  theme  introduced  in  the  other  chapters  -  how  P.  aeruginosa  adapts  its  metabolism  in  response  to  changing  oxygen  and  nutrient  conditions.  P.  aeruginosa  possesses  two  rubredoxin  genes,  which  encode  small  soluble  electron  carriers  believed  to  help  it  cope  with  oxidative  stress.  This  chapter  demonstrates  that  induction  of  the  rubredoxin  genes  in  liquid  culture  may  occur  at  key  time  points  associated  with  oxidative  stress  and  metabolic  shifts,  and  may  be  linked  to  changes  in  lactate  and  glycolate  metabolism.This  thesis  lays  the  groundwork  for  understanding  aspects  of  P.  aeruginosa  physiology  that  have  yet  to  be  fully  explored,  including  the  regulatory  relationships  between  detoxification  mechanisms  and  central  metabolism,  the  condition-dependent  control  of  metabolic  pathways  that  affects  physiological  differentiation  in  multicellular  structures  and  in  infection  sites,  and  the  potential  for  neighboring  species  in  polymicrobial  infections  to  influence  P.  aeruginosa  physiology  and  virulence.  This  work  will  hopefully  bring  to  light  the  need  to  study  these  metabolic  and  regulatory  pathways,  not  just  in  Pseudomonas  spp.,  but  in  other  organisms  as  well,  as  many  of  these  core  biochemical  processes  are  evolutionarily  conserved.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■653    ▼aBiofilm
■653    ▼aLactate
■653    ▼aMetabolism
■653    ▼aPseudomonas
■653    ▼aMammals
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0719
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bBiological  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163836▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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