본문

서브메뉴

Structure and Performance Control of Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) and Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA) Reactions
Structure and Performance Control of Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM)...
Structure and Performance Control of Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) and Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA) Reactions

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152125
ISBN  
9798384015963
DDC  
660
저자명  
Ramos-Yataco, Jordy.
서명/저자  
Structure and Performance Control of Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) and Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA) Reactions
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
242 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Notestein, Justin M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Natural gas is the source of building blocks for many of the day-to-day products of modern society, and its availability has increased due to new extraction technologies. Methane is the main component of natural gas, but its direct transformation to higher-value chemicals has not reached industrial application. As a result, the copious amounts of methane only have relatively low-value uses as a source of synthesis gas or as a heating source. Extensive research in the last three decades on heterogeneous catalysis has proposed several catalytic systems to directly transform methane to higher hydrocarbons under high-temperature conditions. This thesis evaluates the impact of structure on the catalytic activity of benchmark catalysis for oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and methane dehydroaromatization (MDA). Additionally, after these insights were recognized, novel approaches to increase the catalyst's performance, and especially stability, were explored.Through extensive catalytic evaluation of a set of OCM catalyst formulations, different alkali metals (A) in catalysts with the overall formulation of A2WO4-MnOx/SiO2 or A2WO4-LaMnOx/SiO2 are demonstrated to be active and stable in transforming methane to light olefins. In analyzing product distributions over this wide variety of materials studied, it was observed that propylene and ethylene partial pressures are always found in constant proportions with respect to each other, independent of catalyst formulation. This observation leds to the evaluation of the effect of C2H4 cofeeding to promote the formation of C3+ higher olefins on the benchmark Na2WO4-MnOx/SiO2 catalyst. Under specific reaction conditions, this does increase C3+ selectivity, but at the expense of also promoting increased COx formation.MDA studies were first carried out on Mo/H-ZSM-5, the benchmark material for this reaction. Coke formation on external surfaces is a major deactivation route, and the effect of passivating external crystal surfaces was evaluated under MDA conditions. External surfaces were modified using atomic layer deposition (ALD), which enabled deposition on external surfaces without impacting bulk textural properties. In the case of SiO2, the overcoat has a positive impact on integrated yields of aromatics, while an Al2O3 overcoat reduces the formation of aromatics over the lifetime of the catalyst. This modification also impacts the nature of the coke formed on the spent catalysts. Under a deliberately harsh isothermal-oxidative regeneration process, these performance differences are not maintained. Characterization of the modified Mo/H-ZSM-5 shows that the MoOx pre-catalyst centers - formed after synthesis or each regeneration step - progressively redistribute, leading to permanent deactivation. This redistribution is impacted by SiO2 and Al2O3 overcoats, but it cannot be prevented entirely.The benchmark catalyst for MDA is Mo/H-ZSM-5, and a vast variety of approaches have been explored, generally with the goal of increasing aromatics yields. However, the deactivation behavior with time on stream has been much less studied, even though this places the largest limit on yields, overall catalyst lifetime, and process economics. As such, multiple variables related to Mo/H-ZSM-5 synthesis were evaluated with respect to the deactivation behavior of the catalyst. Synthesis variables included are Mo loading, Mo loading method, and Si/Al2 ratio of H-ZSM-5. Additionally, catalysts were also studied over multiple cycles of oxidative regeneration. Many materials showed differences in performance, but in analyzing the collected catalytic results, all materials had overlapping curves of CH4 conversion vs product selectivity (deactivation profile). This behavior provides evidence of a non-selective deactivation of Mo/H-ZSM-5, where the active sites are present on all materials and deactivate with no special preference. Additionally, catalytic results from the last three decades of academic research on MDA were collected and re-interpreted. This analysis showed remarkable similarity of the deactivation profiles of all materials, independent of most materials' synthesis or treatment strategies. Several other synthesis or reaction engineering strategies are clearly seen to be detrimental in this analysis, but the analysis also highlights a small number of useful strategies to pursue in MDA research, including some less-explored metals that modify catalyst deactivation profiles showed higher selectivity at a given conversion.After considering Mo/H-ZSM-5 and its many modified variants, one hypothesis that emerges is that the Bronsted acid sites in these materials principally serve as anchoring sites that facilitate high dispersion of the MoOx precatalyst. A consequence of oxidative regeneration (coke combustion) is the loss of Bronsted acid sites under hydrothermal conditions, which in turn leads to aggregation of MoOx or AlMoOx domains that are catalytically inactive for the formation of aromatics. Considering this, non-zeolitic, mixed oxide supports with Bronsted acid sites were explored. While not as selective, these supports potentially offer more hydrothermal stability and provide a greater diversity of anchoring sites for the MoOx precatalyst centers.
일반주제명  
Chemical engineering
일반주제명  
Physical chemistry
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
키워드  
Atomic layer deposition
키워드  
Methane dehydroaromatization (MDA)
키워드  
Non-selective deactivation
키워드  
Catalysts
키워드  
Hydrocarbons
기타저자  
Northwestern University Chemical and Biological Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017163024
■00520250211152125
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798384015963
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31482483
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a660
■1001  ▼aRamos-Yataco,  Jordy.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-0980-9653
■24510▼aStructure  and  Performance  Control  of  Catalysts  for  the  Oxidative  Coupling  of  Methane  (OCM)  and  Methane  Dehydroaromatization  (MDA)  Reactions
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a242  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Notestein,  Justin  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aNatural  gas  is  the  source  of  building  blocks  for  many  of  the  day-to-day  products  of  modern  society,  and  its  availability  has  increased  due  to  new  extraction  technologies.  Methane  is  the  main  component  of  natural  gas,  but  its  direct  transformation  to  higher-value  chemicals  has  not  reached  industrial  application.  As  a  result,  the  copious  amounts  of  methane  only  have  relatively  low-value  uses  as  a  source  of  synthesis  gas  or  as  a  heating  source.  Extensive  research  in  the  last  three  decades  on  heterogeneous  catalysis  has  proposed  several  catalytic  systems  to  directly  transform  methane  to  higher  hydrocarbons  under  high-temperature  conditions.  This  thesis  evaluates  the  impact  of  structure  on  the  catalytic  activity  of  benchmark  catalysis  for  oxidative  coupling  of  methane  (OCM)  and  methane  dehydroaromatization  (MDA).  Additionally,  after  these  insights  were  recognized,  novel  approaches  to  increase  the  catalyst's  performance,  and  especially  stability,  were  explored.Through  extensive  catalytic  evaluation  of  a  set  of  OCM  catalyst  formulations,  different  alkali  metals  (A)  in  catalysts  with  the  overall  formulation  of  A2WO4-MnOx/SiO2  or  A2WO4-LaMnOx/SiO2  are  demonstrated  to  be  active  and  stable  in  transforming  methane  to  light  olefins.  In  analyzing  product  distributions  over  this  wide  variety  of  materials  studied,  it  was  observed  that  propylene  and  ethylene  partial  pressures  are  always  found  in  constant  proportions  with  respect  to  each  other,  independent  of  catalyst  formulation.  This  observation  leds  to  the  evaluation  of  the  effect  of  C2H4  cofeeding  to  promote  the  formation  of  C3+  higher  olefins  on  the  benchmark  Na2WO4-MnOx/SiO2  catalyst.  Under  specific  reaction  conditions,  this  does  increase  C3+  selectivity,  but  at  the  expense  of  also  promoting  increased  COx  formation.MDA  studies  were  first  carried  out  on  Mo/H-ZSM-5,  the  benchmark  material  for  this  reaction.  Coke  formation  on  external  surfaces  is  a  major  deactivation  route,  and  the  effect  of  passivating  external  crystal  surfaces  was  evaluated  under  MDA  conditions.  External  surfaces  were  modified  using  atomic  layer  deposition  (ALD),  which  enabled  deposition  on  external  surfaces  without  impacting  bulk  textural  properties.  In  the  case  of  SiO2,  the  overcoat  has  a  positive  impact  on  integrated  yields  of  aromatics,  while  an  Al2O3  overcoat  reduces  the  formation  of  aromatics  over  the  lifetime  of  the  catalyst.  This  modification  also  impacts  the  nature  of  the  coke  formed  on  the  spent  catalysts.  Under  a  deliberately  harsh  isothermal-oxidative  regeneration  process,  these  performance  differences  are  not  maintained.  Characterization  of  the  modified  Mo/H-ZSM-5  shows  that  the  MoOx  pre-catalyst  centers  -  formed  after  synthesis  or  each  regeneration  step  -  progressively  redistribute,  leading  to  permanent  deactivation.  This  redistribution  is  impacted  by  SiO2  and  Al2O3  overcoats,  but  it  cannot  be  prevented  entirely.The  benchmark  catalyst  for  MDA  is  Mo/H-ZSM-5,  and  a  vast  variety  of  approaches  have  been  explored,  generally  with  the  goal  of  increasing  aromatics  yields.  However,  the  deactivation  behavior  with  time  on  stream  has  been  much  less  studied,  even  though  this  places  the  largest  limit  on  yields,  overall  catalyst  lifetime,  and  process  economics.  As  such,  multiple  variables  related  to  Mo/H-ZSM-5  synthesis  were  evaluated  with  respect  to  the  deactivation  behavior  of  the  catalyst.  Synthesis  variables  included  are  Mo  loading,  Mo  loading  method,  and  Si/Al2  ratio  of  H-ZSM-5.  Additionally,  catalysts  were  also  studied  over  multiple  cycles  of  oxidative  regeneration.  Many  materials  showed  differences  in  performance,  but  in  analyzing  the  collected  catalytic  results,  all  materials  had  overlapping  curves  of  CH4  conversion  vs  product  selectivity  (deactivation  profile).  This  behavior  provides  evidence  of  a  non-selective  deactivation  of  Mo/H-ZSM-5,  where  the  active  sites  are  present  on  all  materials  and  deactivate  with  no  special  preference.  Additionally,  catalytic  results  from  the  last  three  decades  of  academic  research  on  MDA  were  collected  and  re-interpreted.  This  analysis  showed  remarkable  similarity  of  the  deactivation  profiles  of  all  materials,  independent  of  most  materials'  synthesis  or  treatment  strategies.  Several  other  synthesis  or  reaction  engineering  strategies  are  clearly  seen  to  be  detrimental  in  this  analysis,  but  the  analysis  also  highlights  a  small  number  of  useful  strategies  to  pursue  in  MDA  research,  including  some  less-explored  metals  that  modify  catalyst  deactivation  profiles  showed  higher  selectivity  at  a  given  conversion.After  considering  Mo/H-ZSM-5  and  its  many  modified  variants,  one  hypothesis  that  emerges  is  that  the  Bronsted  acid  sites  in  these  materials  principally  serve  as  anchoring  sites  that  facilitate  high  dispersion  of  the  MoOx  precatalyst.  A  consequence  of  oxidative  regeneration  (coke  combustion)  is  the  loss  of  Bronsted  acid  sites  under  hydrothermal  conditions,  which  in  turn  leads  to  aggregation  of  MoOx  or  AlMoOx  domains  that  are  catalytically  inactive  for  the  formation  of  aromatics.  Considering  this,  non-zeolitic,  mixed  oxide  supports  with  Bronsted  acid  sites  were  explored.  While  not  as  selective,  these  supports  potentially  offer  more  hydrothermal  stability  and  provide  a  greater  diversity  of  anchoring  sites  for  the  MoOx  precatalyst  centers.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aChemical  engineering
■650  4▼aPhysical  chemistry
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■653    ▼aAtomic  layer  deposition
■653    ▼aMethane  dehydroaromatization  (MDA)
■653    ▼aNon-selective  deactivation
■653    ▼aCatalysts
■653    ▼aHydrocarbons
■690    ▼a0542
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0494
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bChemical  and  Biological  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163024▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF11132 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.