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Essays in Gender Economics
Essays in Gender Economics
Essays in Gender Economics

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151033
ISBN  
9798383421017
DDC  
305
저자명  
Laneuville Teixeira Garcia, Helena.
서명/저자  
Essays in Gender Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
115 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Humphries, John Eric.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In the first chapter, I identify a gender promotion gap among judges in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and characterize its labor-demand and labor-supply-related drivers. To do so, I construct a novel dataset that measures characteristics, skills, and observable performance on the job and the process of career advancement. Women take significantly longer to be promoted within the Trial Court and, consequently, acquire less experience with larger court districts. At the end of their career, they are four times less likely than men to reach the Appeals Court. On the labor supply side, women are 14% less likely to seek career advancement within the Trial Court, which accounts for 40% of the gender promotion gap at this stage. On the labor demand side, another 41% of this gap can be explained by a differential probability of receiving a promotion when applying. Among applicants for merit-based promotions, female candidates are 21% less likely to be successful than their male counterparts. This effect is not explained by an observable difference in skills at the time of hiring or productivity on the job. In the second chapter, Vitor Possebom and I investigate the impact of judges' gender on the outcome of domestic violence cases. We use data from criminal cases in Sao Paulo, Brazil, between 2011 and 2019, which are randomly allocated to judges within a court district. We compare conviction rates by judge's gender and find that a domestic violence case assigned to a female judge is 31% (10 p.p) more likely to result in conviction than a case assigned to a male judge with similar career characteristics. To show that this decision gap rises due to different gender perspectives about domestic violence instead of rising due to female judges being tougher than male judges, we compare it against gender conviction rate gaps in similar types of crimes. We find that the gender conviction rate gap for domestic violence cases is significantly larger than the same gap for other misdemeanor cases (3 p.p. larger) and for other physical assault cases (8 p.p. larger). Lastly, we identify two channels that drive this gender conviction rate gap for domestic violence cases: gender identity and gender-based differences in evidence interpretation.
일반주제명  
Gender studies
일반주제명  
Law
키워드  
Domestic violence
키워드  
Gender bias
키워드  
Gender gap decomposition
키워드  
Gender promotion gap
키워드  
Judicial decisions
기타저자  
Yale University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30997461
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a305
■1001  ▼aLaneuville  Teixeira  Garcia,  Helena.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Gender  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a115  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Humphries,  John  Eric.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  the  first  chapter,  I  identify  a  gender  promotion  gap  among  judges  in  the  state  of  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil,  and  characterize  its  labor-demand  and  labor-supply-related  drivers.  To  do  so,  I  construct  a  novel  dataset  that  measures  characteristics,  skills,  and  observable  performance  on  the  job  and  the  process  of  career  advancement.  Women  take  significantly  longer  to  be  promoted  within  the  Trial  Court  and,  consequently,  acquire  less  experience  with  larger  court  districts.  At  the  end  of  their  career,  they  are  four  times  less  likely  than  men  to  reach  the  Appeals  Court.  On  the  labor  supply  side,  women  are  14%  less  likely  to  seek  career  advancement  within  the  Trial  Court,  which  accounts  for  40%  of  the  gender  promotion  gap  at  this  stage.  On  the  labor  demand  side,  another  41%  of  this  gap  can  be  explained  by  a  differential  probability  of  receiving  a  promotion  when  applying.  Among  applicants  for  merit-based  promotions,  female  candidates  are  21%  less  likely  to  be  successful  than  their  male  counterparts.  This  effect  is  not  explained  by  an  observable  difference  in  skills  at  the  time  of  hiring  or  productivity  on  the  job.  In  the  second  chapter,  Vitor  Possebom  and  I  investigate  the  impact  of  judges'  gender  on  the  outcome  of  domestic  violence  cases.  We  use  data  from  criminal  cases  in  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil,  between  2011  and  2019,  which  are  randomly  allocated  to  judges  within  a  court  district.  We  compare  conviction  rates  by  judge's  gender  and  find  that  a  domestic  violence  case  assigned  to  a  female  judge  is  31%  (10  p.p)  more  likely  to  result  in  conviction  than  a  case  assigned  to  a  male  judge  with  similar  career  characteristics.  To  show  that  this  decision  gap  rises  due  to  different  gender  perspectives  about  domestic  violence  instead  of  rising  due  to  female  judges  being  tougher  than  male  judges,  we  compare  it  against  gender  conviction  rate  gaps  in  similar  types  of  crimes.  We  find  that  the  gender  conviction  rate  gap  for  domestic  violence  cases  is  significantly  larger  than  the  same  gap  for  other  misdemeanor  cases  (3  p.p.  larger)  and  for  other  physical  assault  cases  (8  p.p.  larger).  Lastly,  we  identify  two  channels  that  drive  this  gender  conviction  rate  gap  for  domestic  violence  cases:  gender  identity  and  gender-based  differences  in  evidence  interpretation.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aGender  studies
■650  4▼aLaw
■653    ▼aDomestic  violence
■653    ▼aGender  bias
■653    ▼aGender  gap  decomposition
■653    ▼aGender  promotion  gap
■653    ▼aJudicial  decisions
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0733
■690    ▼a0398
■71020▼aYale  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02A.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160520▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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