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Essays on Capacity Constraints in Healthcare Industries
Essays on Capacity Constraints in Healthcare Industries
Essays on Capacity Constraints in Healthcare Industries

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151037
ISBN  
9798383567159
DDC  
362.1
저자명  
Saruya, Hiroki.
서명/저자  
Essays on Capacity Constraints in Healthcare Industries
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
183 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Berry, Steven.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, we explore the effects of capacity constraints on various outcomes of service users (referred to as "patients") in healthcare industries. In Chapter 1, we investigate the effect of facility congestion on the care outcomes and welfare of patients in the Japanese long-term care industry. In Chapter 2, we study the effect of congestion on the admission decisions of the Japanese nursing facilities. Together, Chapters 1 and 2 provide useful insights on the effect of congestion on the quantity and quality aspects of service production, in a market with regulated prices. In Chapter 3, we examine the effect of providing publicly insured patients with better access to health care at private facilities, in the context of the US veterans. Chapter 1 in particular concerns with how the negative consequences of congestion can potentially offset the benefit of receiving services at high-quality service providers. Directing consumers to higher-quality service providers has been considered an effective policy to improve service outcomes and consumer welfare in various contexts. However, higher-quality providers may tend to be more congested, and congestion may be detrimental to outcomes and welfare. We study this congestion-quality tradeoff and discuss its policy implications in the context of Japanese nursing homes. We find evidence that (1) within nursing homes, higher occupancy leads to poorer care outcomes but (2) between nursing homes, occupancy and outcome-based quality measures are positively correlated. To evaluate the welfare impact of patient reallocation policy, we then develop and estimate a model of demand for nursing home care where choice set is potentially constrained in an unobserved manner by providers' rationing behavior. We find that nursing homes are less likely to admit patients at higher occupancy but no evidence that patients dislike congestion. Simulation of a reallocation policy suggests a potential gain from occupancy smoothing even though the policy sends patients to lower-quality care providers on average. In Chapter 2, we study the effect of capacity utilization on healthcare provision, by investigating the effect of nursing facilities' daily occupancy on their admission and discharge decisions. While some researchers and policymakers raise concerns that excess capacity leads to wasteful care provision by induced demand and argue for restricting capacity, such a restriction may prevent valuable care provision if providers operate under supply constraints. To find out the relative importance of providers' demand inducement and capacity constraint, we develop a theoretical framework which generates implications to evaluate the relative importance of the two mechanisms. The test requires the causal effect of occupancy variation on admissions and discharges, which we obtain by using patient deaths as an exogenous occupancy shifter. We find that an occupancy reduction leads to increased admissions, and the response is larger at higher baseline occupancy, which is consistent with the supply constraint being relatively more important. In Chapter 3, we study the effect of complementing public health care with private care. Leveraging a policy at the Veterans Health Administration that generates discontinuity in private care access, we find that expanding coverage to private care increases private outpatient care by $53 (SE: 5) and decreases VA outpatient care by $20 (SE: 7), with no impact on inpatient care. The policy led to a marginally significant 0.1 p.p. (2.8%, SE: 0.04) decrease in one-year mortality, possibly because of decreased wait times and increased access to certain specialty care. Given our estimates, the benefit of access expansion significantly outweighs the increased costs.
키워드  
Healthcare industry
키워드  
Facility congestion
키워드  
Japanese nursing homes
키워드  
U.S. veterans
기타저자  
Yale University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31139512
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a362.1
■1001  ▼aSaruya,  Hiroki.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Capacity  Constraints  in  Healthcare  Industries
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a183  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Berry,  Steven.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  we  explore  the  effects  of  capacity  constraints  on  various  outcomes  of  service  users  (referred  to  as  "patients")  in  healthcare  industries.  In  Chapter  1,  we  investigate  the  effect  of  facility  congestion  on  the  care  outcomes  and  welfare  of  patients  in  the  Japanese  long-term  care  industry.  In  Chapter  2,  we  study  the  effect  of  congestion  on  the  admission  decisions  of  the  Japanese  nursing  facilities.  Together,  Chapters  1  and  2  provide  useful  insights  on  the  effect  of  congestion  on  the  quantity  and  quality  aspects  of  service  production,  in  a  market  with  regulated  prices.  In  Chapter  3,  we  examine  the  effect  of  providing  publicly  insured  patients  with  better  access  to  health  care  at  private  facilities,  in  the  context  of  the  US  veterans.  Chapter  1  in  particular  concerns  with  how  the  negative  consequences  of  congestion  can  potentially  offset  the  benefit  of  receiving  services  at  high-quality  service  providers.  Directing  consumers  to  higher-quality  service  providers  has  been  considered  an  effective  policy  to  improve  service  outcomes  and  consumer  welfare  in  various  contexts.  However,  higher-quality  providers  may  tend  to  be  more  congested,  and  congestion  may  be  detrimental  to  outcomes  and  welfare.  We  study  this  congestion-quality  tradeoff  and  discuss  its  policy  implications  in  the  context  of  Japanese  nursing  homes.  We  find  evidence  that  (1)  within  nursing  homes,  higher  occupancy  leads  to  poorer  care  outcomes  but  (2)  between  nursing  homes,  occupancy  and  outcome-based  quality  measures  are  positively  correlated.  To  evaluate  the  welfare  impact  of  patient  reallocation  policy,  we  then  develop  and  estimate  a  model  of  demand  for  nursing  home  care  where  choice  set  is  potentially  constrained  in  an  unobserved  manner  by  providers'  rationing  behavior.  We  find  that  nursing  homes  are  less  likely  to  admit  patients  at  higher  occupancy  but  no  evidence  that  patients  dislike  congestion.  Simulation  of  a  reallocation  policy  suggests  a  potential  gain  from  occupancy  smoothing  even  though  the  policy  sends  patients  to  lower-quality  care  providers  on  average.  In  Chapter  2,  we  study  the  effect  of  capacity  utilization  on  healthcare  provision,  by  investigating  the  effect  of  nursing  facilities'  daily  occupancy  on  their  admission  and  discharge  decisions.  While  some  researchers  and  policymakers  raise  concerns  that  excess  capacity  leads  to  wasteful  care  provision  by  induced  demand  and  argue  for  restricting  capacity,  such  a  restriction  may  prevent  valuable  care  provision  if  providers  operate  under  supply  constraints.  To  find  out  the  relative  importance  of  providers'  demand  inducement  and  capacity  constraint,  we  develop  a  theoretical  framework  which  generates  implications  to  evaluate  the  relative  importance  of  the  two  mechanisms.  The  test  requires  the  causal  effect  of  occupancy  variation  on  admissions  and  discharges,  which  we  obtain  by  using  patient  deaths  as  an  exogenous  occupancy  shifter.  We  find  that  an  occupancy  reduction  leads  to  increased  admissions,  and  the  response  is  larger  at  higher  baseline  occupancy,  which  is  consistent  with  the  supply  constraint  being  relatively  more  important.  In  Chapter  3,  we  study  the  effect  of  complementing  public  health  care  with  private  care.  Leveraging  a  policy  at  the  Veterans  Health  Administration  that  generates  discontinuity  in  private  care  access,  we  find  that  expanding  coverage  to  private  care  increases  private  outpatient  care  by  $53  (SE:  5)  and  decreases  VA  outpatient  care  by  $20  (SE:  7),  with  no  impact  on  inpatient  care.  The  policy  led  to  a  marginally  significant  0.1  p.p.  (2.8%,  SE:  0.04)  decrease  in  one-year  mortality,  possibly  because  of  decreased  wait  times  and  increased  access  to  certain  specialty  care.  Given  our  estimates,  the  benefit  of  access  expansion  significantly  outweighs  the  increased  costs.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■653    ▼aHealthcare  industry
■653    ▼aFacility  congestion
■653    ▼aJapanese  nursing  homes
■653    ▼aU.S.  veterans
■690    ▼a0501
■71020▼aYale  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-01A.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160544▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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