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Essays in Firm Organization-Trade and Innovation
Essays in Firm Organization-Trade and Innovation
Essays in Firm Organization-Trade and Innovation

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151058
ISBN  
9798383161135
DDC  
658
저자명  
Liu, Jin.
서명/저자  
Essays in Firm Organization-Trade and Innovation
발행사항  
[Sl] : New York University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
247 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Rotemberg, Martin;Xu, Daniel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In this thesis, I explore the micro-level decisions of firms in international trade and innovation, along with their broader impacts on industry competition and global economies. Specifically, I investigate how the fundamental colocation benefits between production and innovation activities affect multinational firms' global location choices, I evaluate the role of information frictions and market congestion on global e-commerce platforms, and I examine the strategic use of patent disclosures by firms as a signaling mechanism to competitors.Multinational firms offshore both manufacturing production and innovation to foreign countries. The decision to offshore these activities to the same or different countries hinges on the trade-off between the benefits of colocation-where proximity to production can enhance innovation efficiency and reduce its costs-and the forces driving their separation. The latter, primarily coming from countries' comparative advantages in production costs and innovation returns, is relatively well-documented. However, there is a noticeable gap in the literature regarding the existence and magnitude of colocation benefits. The first chapter utilizes administrative data from the US Census Bureau to document the pattern among firms to colocate production and innovation activities. I explore plausibly exogenous variations from tariffs, particularly the Trump Tariffs policy, to identify a causal effect of offshore production on offshore innovation, revealing complementarity between them not only within the same host country but also across neighboring countries within the same region. I build an empirical model of firms' global location choices that accounts for mechanisms of colocation benefits and cross-country interdependencies in offshoring. Counterfactual analyses suggest that when the US brings back production, the reshoring of innovation is limited. Additionally, the effects of trade policies are found to be nonlinear, contingent upon firm heterogeneity and policy intensity. These effects accumulate over time due to firms' endogenous innovation efforts.In the second chapter, co-authored with Jie Bai, Maggie Chen, Xiaosheng Mu, and Daniel Xu, we investigate the impact of market congestion and information frictions on firm dynamics and market efficiency in global e-commerce. We purchased children's t-shirts from AliExpress and conducted our own quality assessments, which considered the physical product quality, the quality of the seller's service, and the shipping quality. Using these self-collected quality measures, we document substantial demand-side frictions and potential misallocation in the online marketplace. We conducted a randomized experiment that provided new exporters with exogenous demand boosts and information shocks, only to discover that the platform's existing tools are inefficient to help small sellers overcome these frictions effectively. This ineffectiveness is largely attributed to market congestion caused by an overwhelming number of sellers. Our findings suggest a policy implication: simple, blanket-wide onboarding initiatives can exacerbate market congestion and hinder the discovery of high-quality sellers by consumers. A more effective policy for governments in developing countries would involve a combination of onboarding processes with screening and certification that inject information into the market.The third chapter, co-authored with Deepak Hegde and Boyan Jovanovic, develops a model of strategic disclosure in which patenting inventors possess private information about their invention's quality. We show that under certain conditions, high quality inventors signal their private information to competitors by disclosing their patents sooner. We test the model's predictions by analyzing inventors' disclosure choices after the American Inventors' Protection Act of 1999, which allowed inventors to accelerate the disclosure of their patent applications. The empirical results are consistent with the model's predictions and show that (i) higher quality inventions are disclosed sooner; and (ii) early disclosure of important inventions is more common among small and under-capitalized firms which, arguably, tend to gain more from signaling. We further derive and estimate inter-industry variation in inventors' disclosure strategies and the speed of competitors' learning from disclosures.
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
E-commerce
키워드  
Firm dynamics
키워드  
Innovation
키워드  
International trade
키워드  
Global economies
기타저자  
New York University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aLiu,  Jin.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Firm  Organization-Trade  and  Innovation
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNew  York  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a247  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Rotemberg,  Martin;Xu,  Daniel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--New  York  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  this  thesis,  I  explore  the  micro-level  decisions  of  firms  in  international  trade  and  innovation,  along  with  their  broader  impacts  on  industry  competition  and  global  economies.  Specifically,  I  investigate  how  the  fundamental  colocation  benefits  between  production  and  innovation  activities  affect  multinational  firms'  global  location  choices,  I  evaluate  the  role  of  information  frictions  and  market  congestion  on  global  e-commerce  platforms,  and  I  examine  the  strategic  use  of  patent  disclosures  by  firms  as  a  signaling  mechanism  to  competitors.Multinational  firms  offshore  both  manufacturing  production  and  innovation  to  foreign  countries.  The  decision  to  offshore  these  activities  to  the  same  or  different  countries  hinges  on  the  trade-off  between  the  benefits  of  colocation-where  proximity  to  production  can  enhance  innovation  efficiency  and  reduce  its  costs-and  the  forces  driving  their  separation.  The  latter,  primarily  coming  from  countries'  comparative  advantages  in  production  costs  and  innovation  returns,  is  relatively  well-documented.  However,  there  is  a  noticeable  gap  in  the  literature  regarding  the  existence  and  magnitude  of  colocation  benefits.  The  first  chapter  utilizes  administrative  data  from  the  US  Census  Bureau  to  document  the  pattern  among  firms  to  colocate  production  and  innovation  activities.  I  explore  plausibly  exogenous  variations  from  tariffs,  particularly  the  Trump  Tariffs  policy,  to  identify  a  causal  effect  of  offshore  production  on  offshore  innovation,  revealing  complementarity  between  them  not  only  within  the  same  host  country  but  also  across  neighboring  countries  within  the  same  region.  I  build  an  empirical  model  of  firms'  global  location  choices  that  accounts  for  mechanisms  of  colocation  benefits  and  cross-country  interdependencies  in  offshoring. Counterfactual  analyses  suggest  that  when  the  US  brings  back  production,  the  reshoring  of  innovation  is  limited.  Additionally,  the  effects  of  trade  policies  are  found  to  be  nonlinear,  contingent  upon  firm  heterogeneity  and  policy  intensity.  These  effects  accumulate  over  time  due  to  firms'  endogenous  innovation  efforts.In  the  second  chapter,  co-authored  with  Jie  Bai,  Maggie  Chen,  Xiaosheng  Mu,  and  Daniel  Xu,  we  investigate  the  impact  of  market  congestion  and  information  frictions  on  firm  dynamics  and  market  efficiency  in  global  e-commerce.  We  purchased  children's  t-shirts  from  AliExpress  and  conducted  our  own  quality  assessments,  which  considered  the  physical  product  quality,  the  quality  of  the  seller's  service,  and  the  shipping  quality.  Using  these  self-collected  quality  measures,  we  document  substantial  demand-side  frictions  and  potential  misallocation  in  the  online  marketplace.  We  conducted  a  randomized  experiment  that  provided  new  exporters  with  exogenous  demand  boosts  and  information  shocks,  only  to  discover  that  the  platform's  existing  tools  are  inefficient  to  help  small  sellers  overcome  these  frictions  effectively.  This  ineffectiveness  is  largely  attributed  to  market  congestion  caused  by  an  overwhelming  number  of  sellers.  Our  findings  suggest  a  policy  implication:  simple,  blanket-wide  onboarding  initiatives  can  exacerbate  market  congestion  and  hinder  the  discovery  of  high-quality  sellers  by  consumers.  A  more  effective  policy  for  governments  in  developing  countries  would  involve  a  combination  of  onboarding  processes  with  screening  and  certification  that  inject  information  into  the  market.The  third  chapter,  co-authored  with  Deepak  Hegde  and  Boyan  Jovanovic,  develops  a  model  of  strategic  disclosure  in  which  patenting  inventors  possess  private  information  about  their  invention's  quality.  We  show  that  under  certain  conditions,  high  quality  inventors  signal  their  private  information  to  competitors  by  disclosing  their  patents  sooner.  We  test  the  model's  predictions  by  analyzing  inventors'  disclosure  choices  after  the  American  Inventors'  Protection  Act  of  1999,  which  allowed  inventors  to  accelerate  the  disclosure  of  their  patent  applications.  The  empirical  results  are  consistent  with  the  model's  predictions  and  show  that  (i)  higher  quality  inventions  are  disclosed  sooner;  and  (ii)  early  disclosure  of  important  inventions  is  more  common  among  small  and  under-capitalized  firms  which,  arguably,  tend  to  gain  more  from  signaling.  We  further  derive  and  estimate  inter-industry  variation  in  inventors'  disclosure  strategies  and  the  speed  of  competitors'  learning  from  disclosures.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0146.
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aE-commerce
■653    ▼aFirm  dynamics
■653    ▼aInnovation
■653    ▼aInternational  trade
■653    ▼aGlobal  economies
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0338
■690    ▼a0508
■71020▼aNew  York  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12A.
■790    ▼a0146
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160670▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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