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Three Essays on Flood Risk and Fema's Community Rating System
Three Essays on Flood Risk and Fema's Community Rating System
Three Essays on Flood Risk and Fema's Community Rating System

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153003
ISBN  
9798346379171
DDC  
658.81
저자명  
Ren, Yongwang.
서명/저자  
Three Essays on Flood Risk and Femas Community Rating System
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
140 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Brent, Daniel A.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Flooding has been a global problem, causing death, loss of crops, and damage to buildings. It also becomes more frequent and intense due to climate change. Flooding is one of the costliest natural disasters in the U.S.. To combat this threat and protect lives and economy, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is established and provides households an option to purchase flood insurance and reduce potential flood damage. The Community Rating System (CRS) is established later to support the NFIP, as well as encourage higher standards and better floodplain management of communities. This dissertation is consist of three essays related to flood risk and the CRS program. It attempts to evaluate and provide better understanding about the CRS program, and property market responses to flood risk after a major hurricane.The first essay examines the distribution of the cross subsidies caused by the CRS that increase premiums in non-CRS communities. Results show that redistribution does occur, but the gains and losses are not economically large with 95% of households gaining or losing no more than 0.3% of household income. We also examine their relationship with other community characteristics and find that the strongest predictor of premium reductions is the underlying flood risk level within the community. Thus, CRS appears to reduce the cost of living in the riskier communities.The second essay explores the spillover effect of the CRS: whether non-CRS communities that near CRS communities also experience less flood damage and possible mechanism of this spillover effect, as well as the potential mechanism of this spillover effect. Results indicate non-significant average treatment effect, but there is a lagged, short-term spillover effect. For non-CRS communities, having a CRS neighbor leads to about $0.5 million reduction in annual flood damage a few years after the treatment. This impact is possibly because of community's learning from their CRS neighbors by investing more on flood risk mitigation activities.The third essay investigates the relationship between flood risk and housing supply, and the impact of controlling housing supply when estimating hedonic price models. We utilize the housing transaction data in Harris County, Texas right before and after the Hurricane Harvey, as well as the detailed damage assessment data by FEMA to examine how the housing market respond to extreme events. We find that: (1) Houses in SFHA are more likely to be sold after hurricane Harvey (2) After controlling housing supply factors, we find about 0.5% price drop of houses in SFHA (3) These results are consistent with the explanation that households revise their perceived flood risk right after recent hurricane event and associated house damages.
일반주제명  
Discounts
일반주제명  
Censuses
일반주제명  
Hurricanes
일반주제명  
Government sponsored enterprises
일반주제명  
Floodplains
일반주제명  
Demographics
일반주제명  
Flood damage
일반주제명  
Federal government
일반주제명  
Disaster relief
일반주제명  
Disasters
일반주제명  
Family income
일반주제명  
Storm damage
일반주제명  
Households
일반주제명  
Demography
일반주제명  
Home economics
일반주제명  
Meteorology
일반주제명  
Political science
일반주제명  
Public administration
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a658.81
■1001  ▼aRen,  Yongwang.
■24510▼aThree  Essays  on  Flood  Risk  and  Fema's  Community  Rating  System
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a140  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Brent,  Daniel  A.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aFlooding  has  been  a  global  problem,  causing  death,  loss  of  crops,  and  damage  to  buildings.  It  also  becomes  more  frequent  and  intense  due  to  climate  change.  Flooding  is  one  of  the  costliest  natural  disasters  in  the  U.S..  To  combat  this  threat  and  protect  lives  and  economy,  the  National  Flood  Insurance  Program  (NFIP)  is  established  and  provides  households  an  option  to  purchase  flood  insurance  and  reduce  potential  flood  damage.  The  Community  Rating  System  (CRS)  is  established  later  to  support  the  NFIP,  as  well  as  encourage  higher  standards  and  better  floodplain  management  of  communities.  This  dissertation  is  consist  of  three  essays  related  to  flood  risk  and  the  CRS  program.  It  attempts  to  evaluate  and  provide  better  understanding  about  the  CRS  program,  and  property  market  responses  to  flood  risk  after  a  major  hurricane.The  first  essay  examines  the  distribution  of  the  cross  subsidies  caused  by  the  CRS  that  increase  premiums  in  non-CRS  communities.  Results  show  that  redistribution  does  occur,  but  the  gains  and  losses  are  not  economically  large  with  95%  of  households  gaining  or  losing  no  more  than  0.3%  of  household  income.  We  also  examine  their  relationship  with  other  community  characteristics  and  find  that  the  strongest  predictor  of  premium  reductions  is  the  underlying  flood  risk  level  within  the  community.  Thus,  CRS  appears  to  reduce  the  cost  of  living  in  the  riskier  communities.The  second  essay  explores  the  spillover  effect  of  the  CRS:  whether  non-CRS  communities  that  near  CRS  communities  also  experience  less  flood  damage  and  possible  mechanism  of  this  spillover  effect,  as  well  as  the  potential  mechanism  of  this  spillover  effect.  Results  indicate  non-significant  average  treatment  effect,  but  there  is  a  lagged,  short-term  spillover  effect.  For  non-CRS  communities,  having  a  CRS  neighbor  leads  to  about  $0.5  million  reduction  in  annual  flood  damage  a  few  years  after  the  treatment.  This  impact  is  possibly  because  of  community's  learning  from  their  CRS  neighbors  by  investing  more  on  flood  risk  mitigation  activities.The  third  essay  investigates  the  relationship  between  flood  risk  and  housing  supply,  and  the  impact  of  controlling  housing  supply  when  estimating  hedonic  price  models.  We  utilize  the  housing  transaction  data  in  Harris  County,  Texas  right  before  and  after  the  Hurricane  Harvey,  as  well  as  the  detailed  damage  assessment  data  by  FEMA  to  examine  how  the  housing  market  respond  to  extreme  events.  We  find  that:  (1)  Houses  in  SFHA  are  more  likely  to  be  sold  after  hurricane  Harvey  (2)  After  controlling  housing  supply  factors,  we  find  about  0.5%  price  drop  of  houses  in  SFHA  (3)  These  results  are  consistent  with  the  explanation  that  households  revise  their  perceived  flood  risk  right  after  recent  hurricane  event  and  associated  house  damages.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aDiscounts
■650  4▼aCensuses
■650  4▼aHurricanes
■650  4▼aGovernment  sponsored  enterprises
■650  4▼aFloodplains
■650  4▼aDemographics
■650  4▼aFlood  damage
■650  4▼aFederal  government
■650  4▼aDisaster  relief
■650  4▼aDisasters
■650  4▼aFamily  income
■650  4▼aStorm  damage
■650  4▼aHouseholds
■650  4▼aDemography
■650  4▼aHome  economics
■650  4▼aMeteorology
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■650  4▼aPublic  administration
■690    ▼a0938
■690    ▼a0386
■690    ▼a0557
■690    ▼a0615
■690    ▼a0617
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-05B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164445▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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