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Strong Lensing, Dark Perturbers, and Machine Learning
Strong Lensing, Dark Perturbers, and Machine Learning
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151449
- ISBN
- 9798382777269
- DDC
- 530
- 서명/저자
- Strong Lensing, Dark Perturbers, and Machine Learning
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 171 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Dvorkin, Cora.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Observations of the Universe generally support ΛCDM, but since distant structures ≲ 109 \uD835\uDC40⊙ are usually too dim to observe, their properties are still poorly constrained. Competing particle models of Dark Matter (DM) make different predictions, so these scales can teach us about the nature of DM, even in the absence of a direct detection. A promising probe is to use the subtle gravitational lensing effect of these dim structures, which is directly sensitive to mass rather than luminosity. This effect is too weak to measure on its own, but a strong gravitational lens, where one background object is lensed and appears (distorted) in multiple places, provides enough additional redundancy that the different copies of the background object can be compared and analyzed for weak gravitational perturbations.This thesis consists of three parts. (1) We study the combined statistical effect of many small gravitational perturbers. These come in two varieties, subhalos and interlopers. Subhalos physically lie within the main lens (a galactic halo), whereas interlopers are aligned by chance along the line of sight. The statistical effect due to subhalos has been studied before, but we show that interlopers are most likely the dominant component and certainly cannot be ignored in future analyses. (2) We analyze a real observation of a strong lens known to harbor a relatively large, individually detectable perturber. We reanalyze the system and find the perturber is better fit as a line-of-sight interloper rather than a subhalo as initially assumed. (3) We demonstrate how machine learning can accelerate the processing required to find individual perturbers. This is pertinent because we expect of order 105 strong lenses discovered by 2030, and traditional sampling-based methods are too computationally expensive to scale to this influx of data. We demonstrate that a UNet can find individual subhalos in realistic simulated lenses, but the substructure must have a high concentration parameter.
- 일반주제명
- Physics
- 일반주제명
- Astrophysics
- 일반주제명
- Statistical physics
- 일반주제명
- Computational physics
- 키워드
- Cosmology
- 키워드
- Dark matter
- 키워드
- Machine learning
- 키워드
- Line-of-sight
- 기타저자
- Harvard University Physics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211151449
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798382777269
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31296632
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a530
■1001 ▼aTsang, Arthur Leonard.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-2935-8933
■24510▼aStrong Lensing, Dark Perturbers, and Machine Learning
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a171 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Dvorkin, Cora.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
■520 ▼aObservations of the Universe generally support ΛCDM, but since distant structures ≲ 109 \uD835\uDC40⊙ are usually too dim to observe, their properties are still poorly constrained. Competing particle models of Dark Matter (DM) make different predictions, so these scales can teach us about the nature of DM, even in the absence of a direct detection. A promising probe is to use the subtle gravitational lensing effect of these dim structures, which is directly sensitive to mass rather than luminosity. This effect is too weak to measure on its own, but a strong gravitational lens, where one background object is lensed and appears (distorted) in multiple places, provides enough additional redundancy that the different copies of the background object can be compared and analyzed for weak gravitational perturbations.This thesis consists of three parts. (1) We study the combined statistical effect of many small gravitational perturbers. These come in two varieties, subhalos and interlopers. Subhalos physically lie within the main lens (a galactic halo), whereas interlopers are aligned by chance along the line of sight. The statistical effect due to subhalos has been studied before, but we show that interlopers are most likely the dominant component and certainly cannot be ignored in future analyses. (2) We analyze a real observation of a strong lens known to harbor a relatively large, individually detectable perturber. We reanalyze the system and find the perturber is better fit as a line-of-sight interloper rather than a subhalo as initially assumed. (3) We demonstrate how machine learning can accelerate the processing required to find individual perturbers. This is pertinent because we expect of order 105 strong lenses discovered by 2030, and traditional sampling-based methods are too computationally expensive to scale to this influx of data. We demonstrate that a UNet can find individual subhalos in realistic simulated lenses, but the substructure must have a high concentration parameter.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084.
■650 4▼aPhysics
■650 4▼aAstrophysics
■650 4▼aStatistical physics
■650 4▼aComputational physics
■653 ▼aCosmology
■653 ▼aDark matter
■653 ▼aGravitational lensing
■653 ▼aMachine learning
■653 ▼aLine-of-sight
■690 ▼a0605
■690 ▼a0596
■690 ▼a0217
■690 ▼a0216
■71020▼aHarvard University▼bPhysics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12B.
■790 ▼a0084
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161816▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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