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Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153016
ISBN  
9798384045861
DDC  
640
저자명  
Tojal Ramos dos Santos, Carolina.
서명/저자  
Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
112 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fan, Ying;Hausman, Catherine.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation comprises three papers in which I assess the incentives for firms and consumers and the impact of regulation in different contexts. I use detailed consumer data and empirical tools, including reduced-form analysis and structural modeling. Chapter I investigates the factors influencing infrastructure expansion and consumer behavior in the piped water and sewer market. Chapter II investigates policies to expand access to piped water and sewage collection in Brazil. Chapter III investigates the effects of television advertisements on prescription contraceptive choices. In Chapter I, "Piped Water and Sewer Networks: Empirical Evidence on Infrastructure Expansion and Consumer Behavior," with Bruna Guidetti, we investigate the factors influencing infrastructure expansion by private providers and consumer behavior towards piped water and sewer services in Brazil. Utilizing a novel dataset of monthly billing records from a private provider and Census demographic information, we analyze firm expansion decisions and consumer responses. The findings reveal that the firm strategically selects service areas and types (water only or both water and sewer), with higher-income areas more likely to receive both services. Proximity to existing networks also influences expansion decisions. On the consumer side, 71% of households in serviced areas connect to both water and sewer, while 20% opt for water-only connections. Higher-income households are more likely to connect, yet some remain unconnected despite availability. Consumption patterns under non-linear pricing show that consumers respond to average prices rather than the marginal prices charged for their monthly water consumption. This paper provides intuition about firms' incentives and consumers' behavior in this market that guides the modeling decisions of the following chapter.In Chapter II, "Expansion of Piped Water and Sewer Networks: The Effects of Regulation," with Bruna Guidetti, we assess the viability of connection goals set by the New Sanitation Regulatory Framework from 2020 in Brazil. The policy intends to stimulate the entry of private providers into the market while setting connection targets: 99% of households with piped water and 90% with piped sewer. We use a structural model to investigate whether private providers can achieve these targets under the current regulated prices and compare the distributional impacts of charging consumers for sewer availability, regardless of connection, and offering discounts. We find that even if the firm expanded water and sewer everywhere, the targets would not be met, with only 43% of households connecting to piped sewage. Moreover, the expansion is not profitable for the firm. We show that charging consumers when piped sewage is available, and price discounts on the sewer bills can stimulate the firm to expand and consumers to connect, achieving 76% connected to sewer but reducing consumer surplus.Finally, in Chapter III, "Direct-to-Consumer Advertisement and Prescription Contraceptive Choices," I investigate the impact of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) on women's decisions regarding prescription contraceptives. I use television advertisement data and claims data, applying the Border Approach proposed by Shapiro (2018) to estimate the causal effects of television advertisements. I find that a 10% increase in DTCA for short-term contraceptive methods, such as pills, increases demand for the advertised product by 2.7% but also generates positive spillover effects on other branded and generic products within the same category. Conversely, these advertisements reduce the demand for Long-Acting Reversible contraceptives (LARCs), such as IUDs and implants, leading to a substitution towards short-term methods. 
일반주제명  
Home economics
일반주제명  
Film studies
키워드  
Piped sewage
키워드  
Television advertisement
키워드  
Contraceptives
키워드  
Long-Acting Reversible contraceptives
키워드  
Consumption patterns
기타저자  
University of Michigan Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798384045861
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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005627
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■0820  ▼a640
■1001  ▼aTojal  Ramos  dos  Santos,  Carolina.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Industrial  Organization,  Environmental  and  Health  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a112  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fan,  Ying;Hausman,  Catherine.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  comprises  three  papers  in  which  I  assess  the  incentives  for  firms  and  consumers  and  the  impact  of  regulation  in  different  contexts.  I  use  detailed  consumer  data  and  empirical  tools,  including  reduced-form  analysis  and  structural  modeling.  Chapter  I  investigates  the  factors  influencing  infrastructure  expansion  and  consumer  behavior  in  the  piped  water  and  sewer  market.  Chapter  II  investigates  policies  to  expand  access  to  piped  water  and  sewage  collection  in  Brazil.  Chapter  III  investigates  the  effects  of  television  advertisements  on  prescription  contraceptive  choices.  In  Chapter  I,  "Piped  Water  and  Sewer  Networks:  Empirical  Evidence  on  Infrastructure  Expansion  and  Consumer  Behavior,"  with  Bruna  Guidetti,  we  investigate  the  factors  influencing  infrastructure  expansion  by  private  providers  and  consumer  behavior  towards  piped  water  and  sewer  services  in  Brazil.  Utilizing  a  novel  dataset  of  monthly  billing  records  from  a  private  provider  and  Census  demographic  information,  we  analyze  firm  expansion  decisions  and  consumer  responses.  The  findings  reveal  that  the  firm  strategically  selects  service  areas  and  types  (water  only  or  both  water  and  sewer),  with  higher-income  areas  more  likely  to  receive  both  services.  Proximity  to  existing  networks  also  influences  expansion  decisions.  On  the  consumer  side,  71%  of  households  in  serviced  areas  connect  to  both  water  and  sewer,  while  20%  opt  for  water-only  connections.  Higher-income  households  are  more  likely  to  connect,  yet  some  remain  unconnected  despite  availability.  Consumption  patterns  under  non-linear  pricing  show  that  consumers  respond  to  average  prices  rather  than  the  marginal  prices  charged  for  their  monthly  water  consumption.  This  paper  provides  intuition  about  firms'  incentives  and  consumers'  behavior  in  this  market  that  guides  the  modeling  decisions  of  the  following  chapter.In  Chapter  II,  "Expansion  of  Piped  Water  and  Sewer  Networks:  The  Effects  of  Regulation,"  with  Bruna  Guidetti,  we  assess  the  viability  of  connection  goals  set  by  the  New  Sanitation  Regulatory  Framework  from  2020  in  Brazil.  The  policy  intends  to  stimulate  the  entry  of  private  providers  into  the  market  while  setting  connection  targets:  99%  of  households  with  piped  water  and  90%  with  piped  sewer.  We  use  a  structural  model  to  investigate  whether  private  providers  can  achieve  these  targets  under  the  current  regulated  prices  and  compare  the  distributional  impacts  of  charging  consumers  for  sewer  availability,  regardless  of  connection,  and  offering  discounts.  We  find  that  even  if  the  firm  expanded  water  and  sewer  everywhere,  the  targets  would  not  be  met,  with  only  43%  of  households  connecting  to  piped  sewage.  Moreover,  the  expansion  is  not  profitable  for  the  firm.  We  show  that  charging  consumers  when  piped  sewage  is  available,  and  price  discounts  on  the  sewer  bills  can  stimulate  the  firm  to  expand  and  consumers  to  connect,  achieving  76%  connected  to  sewer  but  reducing  consumer  surplus.Finally,  in  Chapter  III,  "Direct-to-Consumer  Advertisement  and  Prescription  Contraceptive  Choices,"  I  investigate  the  impact  of  direct-to-consumer  advertising  (DTCA)  on  women's  decisions  regarding  prescription  contraceptives.  I  use  television  advertisement  data  and  claims  data,  applying  the  Border  Approach  proposed  by  Shapiro  (2018)  to  estimate  the  causal  effects  of  television  advertisements.  I  find  that  a  10%  increase  in  DTCA  for  short-term  contraceptive  methods,  such  as  pills,  increases  demand  for  the  advertised  product  by  2.7%  but  also  generates  positive  spillover  effects  on  other  branded  and  generic  products  within  the  same  category.  Conversely,  these  advertisements  reduce  the  demand  for  Long-Acting  Reversible  contraceptives  (LARCs),  such  as  IUDs  and  implants,  leading  to  a  substitution  towards  short-term  methods. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aHome  economics
■650  4▼aFilm  studies
■653    ▼aPiped  sewage
■653    ▼aTelevision  advertisement
■653    ▼aContraceptives
■653    ▼aLong-Acting  Reversible  contraceptives
■653    ▼aConsumption  patterns
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0438
■690    ▼a0900
■690    ▼a0386
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164556▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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