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Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211153016
- ISBN
- 9798384045861
- DDC
- 640
- 서명/저자
- Essays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 112 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Fan, Ying;Hausman, Catherine.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation comprises three papers in which I assess the incentives for firms and consumers and the impact of regulation in different contexts. I use detailed consumer data and empirical tools, including reduced-form analysis and structural modeling. Chapter I investigates the factors influencing infrastructure expansion and consumer behavior in the piped water and sewer market. Chapter II investigates policies to expand access to piped water and sewage collection in Brazil. Chapter III investigates the effects of television advertisements on prescription contraceptive choices. In Chapter I, "Piped Water and Sewer Networks: Empirical Evidence on Infrastructure Expansion and Consumer Behavior," with Bruna Guidetti, we investigate the factors influencing infrastructure expansion by private providers and consumer behavior towards piped water and sewer services in Brazil. Utilizing a novel dataset of monthly billing records from a private provider and Census demographic information, we analyze firm expansion decisions and consumer responses. The findings reveal that the firm strategically selects service areas and types (water only or both water and sewer), with higher-income areas more likely to receive both services. Proximity to existing networks also influences expansion decisions. On the consumer side, 71% of households in serviced areas connect to both water and sewer, while 20% opt for water-only connections. Higher-income households are more likely to connect, yet some remain unconnected despite availability. Consumption patterns under non-linear pricing show that consumers respond to average prices rather than the marginal prices charged for their monthly water consumption. This paper provides intuition about firms' incentives and consumers' behavior in this market that guides the modeling decisions of the following chapter.In Chapter II, "Expansion of Piped Water and Sewer Networks: The Effects of Regulation," with Bruna Guidetti, we assess the viability of connection goals set by the New Sanitation Regulatory Framework from 2020 in Brazil. The policy intends to stimulate the entry of private providers into the market while setting connection targets: 99% of households with piped water and 90% with piped sewer. We use a structural model to investigate whether private providers can achieve these targets under the current regulated prices and compare the distributional impacts of charging consumers for sewer availability, regardless of connection, and offering discounts. We find that even if the firm expanded water and sewer everywhere, the targets would not be met, with only 43% of households connecting to piped sewage. Moreover, the expansion is not profitable for the firm. We show that charging consumers when piped sewage is available, and price discounts on the sewer bills can stimulate the firm to expand and consumers to connect, achieving 76% connected to sewer but reducing consumer surplus.Finally, in Chapter III, "Direct-to-Consumer Advertisement and Prescription Contraceptive Choices," I investigate the impact of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) on women's decisions regarding prescription contraceptives. I use television advertisement data and claims data, applying the Border Approach proposed by Shapiro (2018) to estimate the causal effects of television advertisements. I find that a 10% increase in DTCA for short-term contraceptive methods, such as pills, increases demand for the advertised product by 2.7% but also generates positive spillover effects on other branded and generic products within the same category. Conversely, these advertisements reduce the demand for Long-Acting Reversible contraceptives (LARCs), such as IUDs and implants, leading to a substitution towards short-term methods.
- 일반주제명
- Home economics
- 일반주제명
- Film studies
- 키워드
- Piped sewage
- 키워드
- Contraceptives
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■0820 ▼a640
■1001 ▼aTojal Ramos dos Santos, Carolina.
■24510▼aEssays on Industrial Organization, Environmental and Health Economics
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a112 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Fan, Ying;Hausman, Catherine.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation comprises three papers in which I assess the incentives for firms and consumers and the impact of regulation in different contexts. I use detailed consumer data and empirical tools, including reduced-form analysis and structural modeling. Chapter I investigates the factors influencing infrastructure expansion and consumer behavior in the piped water and sewer market. Chapter II investigates policies to expand access to piped water and sewage collection in Brazil. Chapter III investigates the effects of television advertisements on prescription contraceptive choices. In Chapter I, "Piped Water and Sewer Networks: Empirical Evidence on Infrastructure Expansion and Consumer Behavior," with Bruna Guidetti, we investigate the factors influencing infrastructure expansion by private providers and consumer behavior towards piped water and sewer services in Brazil. Utilizing a novel dataset of monthly billing records from a private provider and Census demographic information, we analyze firm expansion decisions and consumer responses. The findings reveal that the firm strategically selects service areas and types (water only or both water and sewer), with higher-income areas more likely to receive both services. Proximity to existing networks also influences expansion decisions. On the consumer side, 71% of households in serviced areas connect to both water and sewer, while 20% opt for water-only connections. Higher-income households are more likely to connect, yet some remain unconnected despite availability. Consumption patterns under non-linear pricing show that consumers respond to average prices rather than the marginal prices charged for their monthly water consumption. This paper provides intuition about firms' incentives and consumers' behavior in this market that guides the modeling decisions of the following chapter.In Chapter II, "Expansion of Piped Water and Sewer Networks: The Effects of Regulation," with Bruna Guidetti, we assess the viability of connection goals set by the New Sanitation Regulatory Framework from 2020 in Brazil. The policy intends to stimulate the entry of private providers into the market while setting connection targets: 99% of households with piped water and 90% with piped sewer. We use a structural model to investigate whether private providers can achieve these targets under the current regulated prices and compare the distributional impacts of charging consumers for sewer availability, regardless of connection, and offering discounts. We find that even if the firm expanded water and sewer everywhere, the targets would not be met, with only 43% of households connecting to piped sewage. Moreover, the expansion is not profitable for the firm. We show that charging consumers when piped sewage is available, and price discounts on the sewer bills can stimulate the firm to expand and consumers to connect, achieving 76% connected to sewer but reducing consumer surplus.Finally, in Chapter III, "Direct-to-Consumer Advertisement and Prescription Contraceptive Choices," I investigate the impact of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) on women's decisions regarding prescription contraceptives. I use television advertisement data and claims data, applying the Border Approach proposed by Shapiro (2018) to estimate the causal effects of television advertisements. I find that a 10% increase in DTCA for short-term contraceptive methods, such as pills, increases demand for the advertised product by 2.7% but also generates positive spillover effects on other branded and generic products within the same category. Conversely, these advertisements reduce the demand for Long-Acting Reversible contraceptives (LARCs), such as IUDs and implants, leading to a substitution towards short-term methods.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aHome economics
■650 4▼aFilm studies
■653 ▼aPiped sewage
■653 ▼aTelevision advertisement
■653 ▼aContraceptives
■653 ▼aLong-Acting Reversible contraceptives
■653 ▼aConsumption patterns
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0438
■690 ▼a0900
■690 ▼a0386
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-04B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164556▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


