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Developmental Regulators of Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation in C. elegans
Developmental Regulators of Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation in C. elegans
Developmental Regulators of Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation in C. elegans

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153018
ISBN  
9798384046097
DDC  
574
저자명  
Jash, Eshna.
서명/저자  
Developmental Regulators of Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation in C. elegans
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
276 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Csankovszki, Gyorgyi.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Several developmental regulators are thought to be responsible for initiating the activation of sex determination during embryogenesis, and for the establishment and maintenance of dosage compensation throughout embryonic and larval development in the nematode C. elegans. Two of the crucial players in this process are the X-signal element sex-1, involved in communicating X chromosome dosage in embryos, and its direct transcriptional target xol-1, the master sex-switch gene that toggles the activation of the appropriate sex development pathway during embryogenesis.I characterized novel roles for both these regulators in mediating the pathways of sex determination and dosage compensation in XX early embryos. xol-1 promotes XO male-specific development, and its expression was previously thought to only have roles in the development of male embryos. Using imaging techniques and transcriptomic analysis, I found that low-level expression of xol-1 is important for the development of XX embryos as well. Loss of xol-1 leads to an acceleration of embryonic development, precocious accumulation of the dosage compensation complex onto the X chromosomes, and misregulation in sex-biased transcriptional pathways. The X-signal element and transcription factor sex-1 has previously been shown to have uncharacterized downstream roles beyond the transcriptional repression of xol-1. I used computational analysis to characterize the pathways regulated by the xol-1-independent function of sex-1. My work suggests that sex-1 exerts multi-level transcriptional control over the xol-1 pathway through direct transcriptional regulation of targets. Using experimental methods, I demonstrated xol-1-independent sex-1-mediated transcriptional regulation of the male developmental gene her-1. I characterized an additional role of sex-1 in the process of X chromosome dosage compensation in hermaphrodites and identified dpy-21 as a target of sex-1 in this pathway. My work demonstrates that sex-1 regulates dpy-21-mediated enrichment of H4K20me1 on the X chromosomes, which is known to promote repression of gene expression. However, this evidence also suggests that disruption of H4K20me1 enrichment is not the driver of sex-1-mediated lethality in XX embryos.In addition to these embryonic regulators of dosage compensation, I explored the contribution of the dosage compensation complex component DPY-27 in the maintenance of X chromosome repression in post-embryonic tissues during larval development using computational analysis. My work suggests that the presence DPY-27, in addition to being crucial for the establishment of dosage compensation, is also continuously required to maintain gene repression from the X chromosomes in post-embryonic cells. I also showed that the loss of dosage compensation components such as DPY-27 and DPY-21, in addition to the loss of the tethering pathway mediated by CEC-4 responsible for the localization of the X chromosomes to the nuclear periphery, results in a synergistic loss of X chromosome gene repression. Using transcriptomic analysis of combinatorial disruptions in both these pathways, this work documents the highest level of X derepression demonstrated so far in C. elegan XX animals. Taken together, my work expands the known functions of the embryonic regulators xol-1 and sex-1 in sex determination and dosage compensation, and characterizes the novel function of DPY-27 in regulating dosage compensation during post-embryonic larval development.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
키워드  
Gene regulation
키워드  
Sex determination
키워드  
Embryogenesis
키워드  
Transcriptional regulation
키워드  
Dosage compensation
기타저자  
University of Michigan Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aJash,  Eshna.
■24510▼aDevelopmental  Regulators  of  Sex  Determination  and  Dosage  Compensation  in  C.  elegans
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a276  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Csankovszki,  Gyorgyi.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aSeveral  developmental  regulators  are  thought  to  be  responsible  for  initiating  the  activation  of  sex  determination  during  embryogenesis,  and  for  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  dosage  compensation  throughout  embryonic  and  larval  development  in  the  nematode  C.  elegans.  Two  of  the  crucial  players  in  this  process  are  the  X-signal  element  sex-1,  involved  in  communicating  X  chromosome  dosage  in  embryos,  and  its  direct  transcriptional  target  xol-1,  the  master  sex-switch  gene  that  toggles  the  activation  of  the  appropriate  sex  development  pathway  during  embryogenesis.I  characterized  novel  roles  for  both  these  regulators  in  mediating  the  pathways  of  sex  determination  and  dosage  compensation  in  XX  early  embryos.  xol-1  promotes  XO  male-specific  development,  and  its  expression  was  previously  thought  to  only  have  roles  in  the  development  of  male  embryos.  Using  imaging  techniques  and  transcriptomic  analysis,  I  found  that  low-level  expression  of  xol-1  is  important  for  the  development  of  XX  embryos  as  well.  Loss  of  xol-1  leads  to  an  acceleration  of  embryonic  development,  precocious  accumulation  of  the  dosage  compensation  complex  onto  the  X  chromosomes,  and  misregulation  in  sex-biased  transcriptional  pathways.  The  X-signal  element  and  transcription  factor  sex-1  has  previously  been  shown  to  have  uncharacterized  downstream  roles  beyond  the  transcriptional  repression  of  xol-1.  I  used  computational  analysis  to  characterize  the  pathways  regulated  by  the  xol-1-independent  function  of  sex-1.  My  work  suggests  that  sex-1  exerts  multi-level  transcriptional  control  over  the  xol-1  pathway  through  direct  transcriptional  regulation  of  targets.  Using  experimental  methods,  I  demonstrated  xol-1-independent  sex-1-mediated  transcriptional  regulation  of  the  male  developmental  gene  her-1.  I  characterized  an  additional  role  of  sex-1  in  the  process  of  X  chromosome  dosage  compensation  in  hermaphrodites  and  identified  dpy-21  as  a  target  of  sex-1  in  this  pathway.  My  work  demonstrates  that  sex-1  regulates  dpy-21-mediated  enrichment  of  H4K20me1  on  the  X  chromosomes,  which  is  known  to  promote  repression  of  gene  expression.  However,  this  evidence  also  suggests  that  disruption  of  H4K20me1  enrichment  is  not  the  driver  of  sex-1-mediated  lethality  in  XX  embryos.In  addition  to  these  embryonic  regulators  of  dosage  compensation,  I  explored  the  contribution  of  the  dosage  compensation  complex  component  DPY-27  in  the  maintenance  of  X  chromosome  repression  in  post-embryonic  tissues  during  larval  development  using  computational  analysis.  My  work  suggests  that  the  presence  DPY-27,  in  addition  to  being  crucial  for  the  establishment  of  dosage  compensation,  is  also  continuously  required  to  maintain  gene  repression  from  the  X  chromosomes  in  post-embryonic  cells.  I  also  showed  that  the  loss  of  dosage  compensation  components  such  as  DPY-27  and  DPY-21,  in  addition  to  the  loss  of  the  tethering  pathway  mediated  by  CEC-4  responsible  for  the  localization  of  the  X  chromosomes  to  the  nuclear  periphery,  results  in  a  synergistic  loss  of  X  chromosome  gene  repression.  Using  transcriptomic  analysis  of  combinatorial  disruptions  in  both  these  pathways,  this  work  documents  the  highest  level  of  X  derepression  demonstrated  so  far  in  C.  elegan  XX  animals.  Taken  together,  my  work  expands  the  known  functions  of  the  embryonic  regulators  xol-1  and  sex-1  in  sex  determination  and  dosage  compensation,  and  characterizes  the  novel  function  of  DPY-27  in  regulating  dosage  compensation  during  post-embryonic  larval  development.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■653    ▼aGene  regulation
■653    ▼aSex  determination
■653    ▼aEmbryogenesis
■653    ▼aTranscriptional  regulation
■653    ▼aDosage  compensation
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0758
■690    ▼a0379
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bMolecular,  Cellular,  and  Developmental  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164574▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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