서브메뉴
검색
Scouting for Clumps in Our Cosmic Backyard: Detection and Analysis of the Local Clumpy Galaxy Population
Scouting for Clumps in Our Cosmic Backyard: Detection and Analysis of the Local Clumpy Galaxy Population
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151517
- ISBN
- 9798383163252
- DDC
- 523
- 서명/저자
- Scouting for Clumps in Our Cosmic Backyard: Detection and Analysis of the Local Clumpy Galaxy Population
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 201 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Fortson, Lucy;Scarlata, M. Claudia.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약A key change in the galaxy population between z ∼ 1 and z ∼ 0 is that a majority of star-forming galaxies at high redshift appear to be extremely clumpy compared to those nearby. The "giant star-forming clumps" (or simply "clumps") embedded in these galaxies are an order of magnitude more luminous than the brightest star-forming regions typically found in local galaxies. Galaxies which host them are often highly asymmetric, with a significant fraction of their UV luminosity coming from a few point sources.The origins of clumps, their lifetimes, and the impacts that they have on their host galaxies all remain uncertain. This uncertainty is partly due to observational limits. To date, large populations of clumpy galaxies have only been identified at high redshift, where the highest-resolution optical and UV instruments are limited to ∼kiloparsec-scale resolution. However, based on limited observations of strongly-lensed and low-redshift galaxies, most clumps appear to be significantly more compact than this, with high degree of substructure at the 10-100 parsec scale. Between infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths, sub-100 parsec resolution is only possible in space telescope images of z ≲ 0.1 galaxies.Detecting and measuring clumps in low-resolution images has also proven difficult. Detection methods must not only locate clumps within messy, often irregular host galaxies, but also distinguish them from contaminating sources such as foreground stars, background galaxies, and image artifacts. In the past, citizen science projects - particularly the Galaxy Zoo series - have proven very effective at complex galaxy classification tasks in large-scale surveys. Citizen science projects recruit and train large volunteer cohorts to examine galaxies that automated methods struggle to handle, and rely upon the "wisdom of the crowd" to produce reliable and robust information.This thesis presents the first-ever large (N ≳ 103), low-redshift (z ≲ 0.1) catalog of giant star-forming clumps. This catalog is based upon the results of the citizen science project Galaxy Zoo: Clump Scout, which recruited more than 14,000 volunteers to mark the locations of clumps within nearly 60,000 galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Volunteers were asked to mark probable contaminants as "unusual", and their responses were aggregated using a novel aggregation model which accounts for the habits of volunteers and estimates the likelihood of each clump. This catalog was further used to train a Faster-RCNN object detection network, which was applied to a much larger sample of nearly 240,000 SDSS galaxy images and detected thousands of clumps that were analogous to those in high-redshift galaxies. The catalog will continue to enable clump science by identifying candidates for high-resolution follow-up: It identifies the first sample of N 100 clumps that can be observed at sub-100 parsec resolutions with existing instrumentation.Using selection criteria that are very similar to those used in high-redshift population studies, I compute the "clumpy fraction" - the fraction of star-forming galaxies hosting at least one clump - of local galaxies for the first time. I identify a drop in this fraction between z ∼ 1.5 and z ∼ 0 of more than an order of magnitude for a broad range of galaxy masses. This drop correlates closely with the reduction in both galaxy turbulence and the cosmic star formation rate over the same interval; in contrast, it is traced very poorly by the major and minor merger rates.I additionally compute the clumpy fraction as a function of environmental density. While clumps are significantly more likely to occur in isolated galaxies, this correlation is explained by these galaxies' higher star formation rate; when star formation is held constant, clumpiness and environment are uncorrelated. Collectively, these observations suggest that gas availability is the common trigger for both star formation and clump formation. I suggest that most clumps have formed in situ from turbulent gas collapse within their host galaxies since at least z ∼ 1.5, and that clump formation halted due to the reduction in gas fractions and gas accretion rates following that time.
- 일반주제명
- Astrophysics
- 일반주제명
- Astronomy
- 일반주제명
- Atmospheric sciences
- 키워드
- Citizen science
- 키워드
- Galaxies
- 키워드
- Galaxy evolution
- 키워드
- Galaxy structure
- 키워드
- Machine learning
- 기타저자
- University of Minnesota Physics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017162047
■00520250211151517
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798383163252
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31301009
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a523
■1001 ▼aAdams, Dominic Tedeschi.
■24510▼aScouting for Clumps in Our Cosmic Backyard: Detection and Analysis of the Local Clumpy Galaxy Population
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Minnesota▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a201 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Fortson, Lucy;Scarlata, M. Claudia.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2024.
■520 ▼aA key change in the galaxy population between z ∼ 1 and z ∼ 0 is that a majority of star-forming galaxies at high redshift appear to be extremely clumpy compared to those nearby. The "giant star-forming clumps" (or simply "clumps") embedded in these galaxies are an order of magnitude more luminous than the brightest star-forming regions typically found in local galaxies. Galaxies which host them are often highly asymmetric, with a significant fraction of their UV luminosity coming from a few point sources.The origins of clumps, their lifetimes, and the impacts that they have on their host galaxies all remain uncertain. This uncertainty is partly due to observational limits. To date, large populations of clumpy galaxies have only been identified at high redshift, where the highest-resolution optical and UV instruments are limited to ∼kiloparsec-scale resolution. However, based on limited observations of strongly-lensed and low-redshift galaxies, most clumps appear to be significantly more compact than this, with high degree of substructure at the 10-100 parsec scale. Between infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths, sub-100 parsec resolution is only possible in space telescope images of z ≲ 0.1 galaxies.Detecting and measuring clumps in low-resolution images has also proven difficult. Detection methods must not only locate clumps within messy, often irregular host galaxies, but also distinguish them from contaminating sources such as foreground stars, background galaxies, and image artifacts. In the past, citizen science projects - particularly the Galaxy Zoo series - have proven very effective at complex galaxy classification tasks in large-scale surveys. Citizen science projects recruit and train large volunteer cohorts to examine galaxies that automated methods struggle to handle, and rely upon the "wisdom of the crowd" to produce reliable and robust information.This thesis presents the first-ever large (N ≳ 103), low-redshift (z ≲ 0.1) catalog of giant star-forming clumps. This catalog is based upon the results of the citizen science project Galaxy Zoo: Clump Scout, which recruited more than 14,000 volunteers to mark the locations of clumps within nearly 60,000 galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Volunteers were asked to mark probable contaminants as "unusual", and their responses were aggregated using a novel aggregation model which accounts for the habits of volunteers and estimates the likelihood of each clump. This catalog was further used to train a Faster-RCNN object detection network, which was applied to a much larger sample of nearly 240,000 SDSS galaxy images and detected thousands of clumps that were analogous to those in high-redshift galaxies. The catalog will continue to enable clump science by identifying candidates for high-resolution follow-up: It identifies the first sample of N 100 clumps that can be observed at sub-100 parsec resolutions with existing instrumentation.Using selection criteria that are very similar to those used in high-redshift population studies, I compute the "clumpy fraction" - the fraction of star-forming galaxies hosting at least one clump - of local galaxies for the first time. I identify a drop in this fraction between z ∼ 1.5 and z ∼ 0 of more than an order of magnitude for a broad range of galaxy masses. This drop correlates closely with the reduction in both galaxy turbulence and the cosmic star formation rate over the same interval; in contrast, it is traced very poorly by the major and minor merger rates.I additionally compute the clumpy fraction as a function of environmental density. While clumps are significantly more likely to occur in isolated galaxies, this correlation is explained by these galaxies' higher star formation rate; when star formation is held constant, clumpiness and environment are uncorrelated. Collectively, these observations suggest that gas availability is the common trigger for both star formation and clump formation. I suggest that most clumps have formed in situ from turbulent gas collapse within their host galaxies since at least z ∼ 1.5, and that clump formation halted due to the reduction in gas fractions and gas accretion rates following that time.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0130.
■650 4▼aAstrophysics
■650 4▼aAstronomy
■650 4▼aAtmospheric sciences
■653 ▼aCitizen science
■653 ▼aGalaxies
■653 ▼aGalaxy evolution
■653 ▼aGalaxy structure
■653 ▼aMachine learning
■690 ▼a0596
■690 ▼a0606
■690 ▼a0725
■71020▼aUniversity of Minnesota▼bPhysics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12B.
■790 ▼a0130
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162047▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
Preview
Export
ChatGPT Discussion
AI Recommended Related Books
Подробнее информация.
- Бронирование
- не существует
- моя папка
- Первый запрос зрения
- Non-Book Loan Application
- Nighttime Book Loan Application
Available after logging in.


