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Collective Phenomena in Non-Equilibrium, Active, and Hydrodynamic Material Systems
Collective Phenomena in Non-Equilibrium, Active, and Hydrodynamic Material Systems
Collective Phenomena in Non-Equilibrium, Active, and Hydrodynamic Material Systems

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152138
ISBN  
9798384018445
DDC  
660
저자명  
Madden, Ian P.
서명/저자  
Collective Phenomena in Non-Equilibrium, Active, and Hydrodynamic Material Systems
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
138 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Includes supplementary digital materials.
주기사항  
Advisor: Luijten, Erik.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Dynamic material systems abound in our lives, the unrivaled example being the systems that create life. For instance, the rich phenomenology of bacteria results from numerous complex nonequilibrium interactions spanning the molecular to multicellular scale. These biological examples have inspired materials scientists to develop synthetic colloidal systems with similar capabilities, such as reorganization in response to stimuli, hierarchical order through self-assembly, or active cargo transport. However, because these systems are inherently non-equilibrium, there are few to zero principles engineers can use to design colloids with a specific behavior in mind. To avoid trail-by-error approaches, I employ various simulation techniques in this dissertation to study the collective behavior of active colloidal systems, exploring how the interplay between nonequilibrium and equilibrium interactions drives these effects. In the process, I uncover the relevant control parameters that enable prescriptive active colloid design.Chapter 2 is presented first as an overview of the massively parallel hydrodynamic method employed in the following three chapters. It addresses how the Navier-Stokes equations are numerically solved, and how the fluid dynamics are coupled to the colloid dynamics. It also describes the approach used to implement activity on the colloidal particles via surface flows.Chapter 3 presents a study on a system of mixed active and passive colloidal particles that exhibits a variety of active-mediated dynamic processes. Using a full-blown hydrodynamic simulation, I reveal that fluid forces work in conjunction with the equilibrium inter-colloidal forces so that a minority of active colloids can crystallize a majority of passive colloids about themselves. Through systemic variation of colloidal parameters, an optimal hydrodynamic propulsion mode is found to induce this crystallization and drive other dynamic transport behaviors.Chapter 4 focuses on a hydrodynamic simulation of confined active colloids characterized by their swimming style, called pushers or pullers, referring to how fluid flows around each. Motivated by experiments on bacteria, I designed a series of barriers that leverage these different flows to drive the separation of a mixture of these colloids. Certain geometries are found to interact more strongly with one swimming style than the other, and from this principle, an ideal barrier is created that can maintain a concentration gradient across itself.In Chapter 5 we examine active dipolar particles where a magnetic style dipolar attraction is implemented in our hydrodynamic colloidal model. Under equilibrium conditions, dipolar particles exhibit intriguing organizational tendencies. By carefully tuning the additional fluid forces, we probe how activity modulates these structures. Ultimately, a striking set of behaviors and structures are found to depend on the colloid's swimming speed and character.Chapter 6 shifts away from fluid-based systems and into granular media. Here, an idealized Couette-style shear cell is modeled via coarse-grained molecular dynamics methods to investigate out-of-equilibrium, sheared, granular materials. We find a striking dynamic phenomenon occurs at the jamming point in the material, and through careful analysis, we uncover that the coefficient of restitution of the individual grains controls the behavior.Finally, chapter 7 is a brief summary of the main findings and future outlook for each previous chapter.
일반주제명  
Chemical engineering
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Fluid mechanics
키워드  
Active matter
키워드  
Collective phenomena
키워드  
Hydrodynamics
키워드  
Non-equilibirum
키워드  
Simulation
키워드  
Soft matter
기타저자  
Northwestern University Materials Science and Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMadden,  Ian  P.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-8872-4518
■24510▼aCollective  Phenomena  in  Non-Equilibrium,  Active,  and  Hydrodynamic  Material  Systems
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a138  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aIncludes  supplementary  digital  materials.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Luijten,  Erik.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aDynamic  material  systems  abound  in  our  lives,  the  unrivaled  example  being  the  systems  that  create  life.  For  instance,  the  rich  phenomenology  of  bacteria  results  from  numerous  complex  nonequilibrium  interactions  spanning  the  molecular  to  multicellular  scale.  These  biological  examples  have  inspired  materials  scientists  to  develop  synthetic  colloidal  systems  with  similar  capabilities,  such  as  reorganization  in  response  to  stimuli,  hierarchical  order  through  self-assembly,  or  active  cargo  transport.  However,  because  these  systems  are  inherently  non-equilibrium,  there  are  few  to  zero  principles  engineers  can  use  to  design  colloids  with  a  specific  behavior  in  mind.  To  avoid  trail-by-error  approaches,  I  employ  various  simulation  techniques  in  this  dissertation  to  study  the  collective  behavior  of  active  colloidal  systems,  exploring  how  the  interplay  between  nonequilibrium  and  equilibrium  interactions  drives  these  effects.  In  the  process,  I  uncover  the  relevant  control  parameters  that  enable  prescriptive  active  colloid  design.Chapter  2  is  presented  first  as  an  overview  of  the  massively  parallel  hydrodynamic  method  employed  in  the  following  three  chapters.  It  addresses  how  the  Navier-Stokes  equations  are  numerically  solved,  and  how  the  fluid  dynamics  are  coupled  to  the  colloid  dynamics.  It  also  describes  the  approach  used  to  implement  activity  on  the  colloidal  particles  via  surface  flows.Chapter  3  presents  a  study  on  a  system  of  mixed  active  and  passive  colloidal  particles  that  exhibits  a  variety  of  active-mediated  dynamic  processes.  Using  a  full-blown  hydrodynamic  simulation,  I  reveal  that  fluid  forces  work  in  conjunction  with  the  equilibrium  inter-colloidal  forces  so  that  a  minority  of  active  colloids  can  crystallize  a  majority  of  passive  colloids  about  themselves.  Through  systemic  variation  of  colloidal  parameters,  an  optimal  hydrodynamic  propulsion  mode  is  found  to  induce  this  crystallization  and  drive  other  dynamic  transport  behaviors.Chapter  4  focuses  on  a  hydrodynamic  simulation  of  confined  active  colloids  characterized  by  their  swimming  style,  called  pushers  or  pullers,  referring  to  how  fluid  flows  around  each.  Motivated  by  experiments  on  bacteria,  I  designed  a  series  of  barriers  that  leverage  these  different  flows  to  drive  the  separation  of  a  mixture  of  these  colloids.  Certain  geometries  are  found  to  interact  more  strongly  with  one  swimming  style  than  the  other,  and  from  this  principle,  an  ideal  barrier  is  created  that  can  maintain  a  concentration  gradient  across  itself.In  Chapter  5  we  examine  active  dipolar  particles  where  a  magnetic  style  dipolar  attraction  is  implemented  in  our  hydrodynamic  colloidal  model.  Under  equilibrium  conditions,  dipolar  particles  exhibit  intriguing  organizational  tendencies.  By  carefully  tuning  the  additional  fluid  forces,  we  probe  how  activity  modulates  these  structures.  Ultimately,  a  striking  set  of  behaviors  and  structures  are  found  to  depend  on  the  colloid's  swimming  speed  and  character.Chapter  6  shifts  away  from  fluid-based  systems  and  into  granular  media.  Here,  an  idealized  Couette-style  shear  cell  is  modeled  via  coarse-grained  molecular  dynamics  methods  to  investigate  out-of-equilibrium,  sheared,  granular  materials.  We  find  a  striking  dynamic  phenomenon  occurs  at  the  jamming  point  in  the  material,  and  through  careful  analysis,  we  uncover  that  the  coefficient  of  restitution  of  the  individual  grains  controls  the  behavior.Finally,  chapter  7  is  a  brief  summary  of  the  main  findings  and  future  outlook  for  each  previous  chapter.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aChemical  engineering
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aFluid  mechanics
■653    ▼aActive  matter
■653    ▼aCollective  phenomena
■653    ▼aHydrodynamics
■653    ▼aNon-equilibirum
■653    ▼aSimulation
■653    ▼aSoft  matter
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0542
■690    ▼a0548
■690    ▼a0204
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bMaterials  Science  and  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163132▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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