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Bird Magnetoreception Across Scales: From Comparative Neuroanatomy to Macroecology
Bird Magnetoreception Across Scales: From Comparative Neuroanatomy to Macroecology
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211153013
- ISBN
- 9798384045366
- DDC
- 574
- 서명/저자
- Bird Magnetoreception Across Scales: From Comparative Neuroanatomy to Macroecology
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 190 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Winger, Benjamin M.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Magnetoreception, the ability to detect and use Earth's magnetic fields for navigation and orientation, is a mysterious sensory system. Despite decades of research, scientists do not know the physiological mechanisms by which it functions in birds. Most magnetoreception research is done in carefully controlled experiments with captive model organisms. My dissertation focused on expanding the scales at which we research magnetoreception in birds to understudied parts of the avian tree of life and larger spatiotemporal contexts. This allows me to test hypotheses regarding the use of magnetoreception in more complex environments, as well as the evolution of magnetoreception relative to seasonal migration.Accurate navigation is critical for successful seasonal migration. Migration has been gained and lost many times over evolutionary history, but it is unclear how many of the components of the migratory phenotype, including magnetoreception, are retained when migration re-evolves. Two of my chapters compared magnetoreception in three passerine bird families that evolved or re-evolved migration independently, thereby testing the relationship between magnetoreception and the evolution of migration.In chapter 2, I tested for magnetic compass orientation behavior in Tyrannidae, Turdidae, and Vireonidae. Flycatchers (Tyrannidae) had never been tested for magnetic orientation and lack cryptochrome 4 (Cry4), a protein thought to be critical for magnetoreception through a visual pathway. None of my study species showed a consistent magnetic response, making our results challenging to interpret. However, I unexpectedly found that flycatchers and vireos (Vireonidae) seemed more liable to show phototactic behavior than thrushes (Turdidae), despite evidence for an opposite relationship with phototaxis when the same birds migrate in the wild.In chapter 3, I compared brain stimulation patterns linked to magnetoreception in the same three families. Cluster N is a region in the visual wulst in the forebrain that is active at night in night-migratory songbirds. I exposed birds to a day/night and a magnetic stimulation treatment and measured Egr-1 expression, a protein indicative of neurostimulation, using immunohistochemistry. All three bird families showed cluster N activation patterns at night and little indication of a magnetic response. Cluster N activation in flycatchers is especially surprising because cluster N is thought to be linked to Cry4, which flycatchers lack. My results instead suggested that all major radiations in Passeriformes show cluster N activation. I argue that while cluster N is tightly linked to nocturnal migration, its link to magnetoreception requires further investigation, especially given its activation in flycatchers.In chapter 4, I tested for effects of space weather-induced geomagnetic disturbances on nocturnal bird migration. Large impacts of magnetized energy from the Sun can destabilize Earth's magnetic field, presumably making it less reliable for navigation. I measured the intensity, direction, and altitude of nocturnal bird migration using weather radar data and compared it to a radar-specific custom magnetic disturbance index. Using two complementary statistical methods, I found decreases in migration intensity, or the number of birds migrating, in the spring and fall during large geomagnetic disturbances. In the fall, I also found that birds spent less energy flying against the wind when it was overcast during strong geomagnetic disturbances, suggesting that they might not be able to navigate as effectively without other navigation cues. This study allowed me to examine macroecological effects of magnetoreception in a complex environment at a larger spatial and ecological scale than previously possible.
- 일반주제명
- Biology
- 일반주제명
- Macroecology
- 일반주제명
- Evolution & development
- 일반주제명
- Physiology
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211153013
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798384045366
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31631480
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005646
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574
■1001 ▼aGulson Castillo, Eric Rex.
■24510▼aBird Magnetoreception Across Scales: From Comparative Neuroanatomy to Macroecology
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a190 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Winger, Benjamin M.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
■520 ▼aMagnetoreception, the ability to detect and use Earth's magnetic fields for navigation and orientation, is a mysterious sensory system. Despite decades of research, scientists do not know the physiological mechanisms by which it functions in birds. Most magnetoreception research is done in carefully controlled experiments with captive model organisms. My dissertation focused on expanding the scales at which we research magnetoreception in birds to understudied parts of the avian tree of life and larger spatiotemporal contexts. This allows me to test hypotheses regarding the use of magnetoreception in more complex environments, as well as the evolution of magnetoreception relative to seasonal migration.Accurate navigation is critical for successful seasonal migration. Migration has been gained and lost many times over evolutionary history, but it is unclear how many of the components of the migratory phenotype, including magnetoreception, are retained when migration re-evolves. Two of my chapters compared magnetoreception in three passerine bird families that evolved or re-evolved migration independently, thereby testing the relationship between magnetoreception and the evolution of migration.In chapter 2, I tested for magnetic compass orientation behavior in Tyrannidae, Turdidae, and Vireonidae. Flycatchers (Tyrannidae) had never been tested for magnetic orientation and lack cryptochrome 4 (Cry4), a protein thought to be critical for magnetoreception through a visual pathway. None of my study species showed a consistent magnetic response, making our results challenging to interpret. However, I unexpectedly found that flycatchers and vireos (Vireonidae) seemed more liable to show phototactic behavior than thrushes (Turdidae), despite evidence for an opposite relationship with phototaxis when the same birds migrate in the wild.In chapter 3, I compared brain stimulation patterns linked to magnetoreception in the same three families. Cluster N is a region in the visual wulst in the forebrain that is active at night in night-migratory songbirds. I exposed birds to a day/night and a magnetic stimulation treatment and measured Egr-1 expression, a protein indicative of neurostimulation, using immunohistochemistry. All three bird families showed cluster N activation patterns at night and little indication of a magnetic response. Cluster N activation in flycatchers is especially surprising because cluster N is thought to be linked to Cry4, which flycatchers lack. My results instead suggested that all major radiations in Passeriformes show cluster N activation. I argue that while cluster N is tightly linked to nocturnal migration, its link to magnetoreception requires further investigation, especially given its activation in flycatchers.In chapter 4, I tested for effects of space weather-induced geomagnetic disturbances on nocturnal bird migration. Large impacts of magnetized energy from the Sun can destabilize Earth's magnetic field, presumably making it less reliable for navigation. I measured the intensity, direction, and altitude of nocturnal bird migration using weather radar data and compared it to a radar-specific custom magnetic disturbance index. Using two complementary statistical methods, I found decreases in migration intensity, or the number of birds migrating, in the spring and fall during large geomagnetic disturbances. In the fall, I also found that birds spent less energy flying against the wind when it was overcast during strong geomagnetic disturbances, suggesting that they might not be able to navigate as effectively without other navigation cues. This study allowed me to examine macroecological effects of magnetoreception in a complex environment at a larger spatial and ecological scale than previously possible.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aBiology
■650 4▼aMacroecology
■650 4▼aEvolution & development
■650 4▼aPhysiology
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■653 ▼aComparative biology
■653 ▼aSeasonal migration
■653 ▼aMagnetoreceptive brain regions
■653 ▼aOrientation behavior
■653 ▼aRadar aeroecology
■653 ▼aGeomagnetic disturbances
■690 ▼a0306
■690 ▼a0412
■690 ▼a0420
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0719
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bEcology and Evolutionary Biology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-04B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164524▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


