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Essays in Labor Economics, Gender, and Education
Essays in Labor Economics, Gender, and Education
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151105
- ISBN
- 9798383161067
- DDC
- 305
- 서명/저자
- Essays in Labor Economics, Gender, and Education
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : New York University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 176 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Bisin, Alberto.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약In this thesis, I investigate the relationship between childbirth and female career trajectories, the role of maternity leave policies in shaping these trajectories, and the determinants of college achievement.The first chapter investigates the determinants of the "child penalty", a defining feature of female career paths that is characterized by a persistent drop in employment, hours, and earnings following childbirth. To distinguish between the extensive and intensive labor supply dimensions of the earnings penalty, I estimate a general equilibrium search model featuring more productive firms relying more on longer hours and asymmetric information over women's preferences for time at home after birth. The model rationalizes the child penalty and shows that the intensive margin is a significant determinant of the long-run wage penalty. A maternity leave policy provides a short-run retention gain for low-income workers but fails to narrow the gender wage gap because firms respond to the policy by offering lower wages.The second chapter analyzes the impact of childbirth on women's employment outcomes using 2013-2019 SIPP data from the US. I propose an alternative way of thinking about child penalties, by examining women who stay employed at first birth versus those who leave employment. The analysis reveals that staying employed at birth is strongly related to pre-birth wages, with low-earning women being more likely to leave employment. Conditional on their own pre-birth earnings, the income of a woman's partner is not predictive for staying employed around birth, revealing potential inefficiencies in household decision making. I further show that wages of mothers who stay attached to their work do not fall behind in the first two years post birth, with hours reductions explaining the entirety of the initial earnings penalty.The third chapter, joint with Tslil Aloni, Alberto Bisin, Guillaume Frechette, and Kevin Thom, studies the causes of college dropout through collaboration with a large public university in the Midwest. Utilizing annual surveys and ongoing academic progress tracking of incoming freshmen, our research uncovers important factors contributing to dropout, with approximately 30% of students discontinuing studies within their first two years. The survey encompasses various aspects such as students' financial situations, academic and earnings expectations, and psychological characteristics. We show that students' perceptions of their own strengths such as willpower and work ethic are significant positive predictors for academic performance. Our analysis identifies distinct student clusters based on these perceptions, with one subgroup, characterized by low willpower, poor time management, and low self-esteem, demonstrating a heightened vulnerability to low performance, even when controlling for initial grades. Using machine learning models, we find that survey variables aid in detecting at-risk students before initial academic outcomes have been realized. Once controlling for first term performance, non-academic characteristics provide little gain, with a simple model estimated solely off administrative data precisely identifying students prone to dropout: At a low false positive rate of 3% we spot over 40% of students not completing classes at the end of their first year.
- 일반주제명
- Gender studies
- 일반주제명
- Education
- 키워드
- Childbirth
- 키워드
- Child penalty
- 키워드
- Self-esteem
- 기타저자
- New York University Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017160715
■00520250211151105
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798383161067
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31143449
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a305
■1001 ▼aSteininger, Teresa.
■24510▼aEssays in Labor Economics, Gender, and Education
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNew York University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a176 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Bisin, Alberto.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
■520 ▼aIn this thesis, I investigate the relationship between childbirth and female career trajectories, the role of maternity leave policies in shaping these trajectories, and the determinants of college achievement.The first chapter investigates the determinants of the "child penalty", a defining feature of female career paths that is characterized by a persistent drop in employment, hours, and earnings following childbirth. To distinguish between the extensive and intensive labor supply dimensions of the earnings penalty, I estimate a general equilibrium search model featuring more productive firms relying more on longer hours and asymmetric information over women's preferences for time at home after birth. The model rationalizes the child penalty and shows that the intensive margin is a significant determinant of the long-run wage penalty. A maternity leave policy provides a short-run retention gain for low-income workers but fails to narrow the gender wage gap because firms respond to the policy by offering lower wages.The second chapter analyzes the impact of childbirth on women's employment outcomes using 2013-2019 SIPP data from the US. I propose an alternative way of thinking about child penalties, by examining women who stay employed at first birth versus those who leave employment. The analysis reveals that staying employed at birth is strongly related to pre-birth wages, with low-earning women being more likely to leave employment. Conditional on their own pre-birth earnings, the income of a woman's partner is not predictive for staying employed around birth, revealing potential inefficiencies in household decision making. I further show that wages of mothers who stay attached to their work do not fall behind in the first two years post birth, with hours reductions explaining the entirety of the initial earnings penalty.The third chapter, joint with Tslil Aloni, Alberto Bisin, Guillaume Frechette, and Kevin Thom, studies the causes of college dropout through collaboration with a large public university in the Midwest. Utilizing annual surveys and ongoing academic progress tracking of incoming freshmen, our research uncovers important factors contributing to dropout, with approximately 30% of students discontinuing studies within their first two years. The survey encompasses various aspects such as students' financial situations, academic and earnings expectations, and psychological characteristics. We show that students' perceptions of their own strengths such as willpower and work ethic are significant positive predictors for academic performance. Our analysis identifies distinct student clusters based on these perceptions, with one subgroup, characterized by low willpower, poor time management, and low self-esteem, demonstrating a heightened vulnerability to low performance, even when controlling for initial grades. Using machine learning models, we find that survey variables aid in detecting at-risk students before initial academic outcomes have been realized. Once controlling for first term performance, non-academic characteristics provide little gain, with a simple model estimated solely off administrative data precisely identifying students prone to dropout: At a low false positive rate of 3% we spot over 40% of students not completing classes at the end of their first year.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aGender studies
■650 4▼aEducation
■653 ▼aChildbirth
■653 ▼aChild penalty
■653 ▼aSelf-esteem
■653 ▼aPoor time management
■653 ▼aAcademic performance
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0511
■690 ▼a0515
■690 ▼a0733
■71020▼aNew York University▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12A.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160715▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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