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Dissecting the Role of Chromatin Remodeling in Direct Lineage Reprogramming
Dissecting the Role of Chromatin Remodeling in Direct Lineage Reprogramming
Dissecting the Role of Chromatin Remodeling in Direct Lineage Reprogramming

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151157
ISBN  
9798382311531
DDC  
574
저자명  
Jindal, Kunal.
서명/저자  
Dissecting the Role of Chromatin Remodeling in Direct Lineage Reprogramming
발행사항  
[Sl] : Washington University in St Louis, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
140 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Morris, Samantha.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Direct reprogramming, the direct forced conversion of one somatic cell type to another has widespread applications in regenerative medicine. Owing to its highly complex nature, discovery and validation of new factors for direct reprogramming is challenging and many current protocols suffer from low conversion efficiency, failing to create mature cell types comparable to their in vivo counterparts. Recent advances in single-cell have coupled cell ancestry and transcriptomic state measurement in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) assays. In reprogramming and development, these have allowed mapping lineage specific transcriptional changes both before and during cell fate specification. These methods work by encoding lineage into heritable, transcribed DNA barcodes that are captured alongside single-cell transcriptomes. While ingenuous, this approach limits lineage tracing to single-cell transcriptomic assays.On the other hand, cell fate conversions, both artificial and natural, are driven by complex gene regulatory mechanisms and precise control and modification the cellular epigenomic state. As a result, the assay of lineage paired with cellular epigenetic state could provide significant insights into fate specifying epigenetic changes, in a lineage specific manner. We enabled this via the development of CellTag-multi - an assay to directly capture lineage barcodes across both single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic assays. CellTag-multi build on our original single-cell transcriptional lineage tracing method, CellTagging.With the first iteration of CellTag-multi, we extended lineage tracing to single-cell epigenomics by pairing lineage barcode capture with single-cell genome-wide accessible chromatin profiles - measured via single-cell Assay of Transposase Accessible Chromatin by Sequencing (scATAC-seq). We validated CellTag-multi by applying it to in vitro hematopoiesis, a well characterized system of multi-lineage differentiation, where we use it to recapitulate known signatures of lineage specific epigenetic priming in differentiating progenitor cells. Additionally, we compared the degree of lineage priming across transcriptional and epigenomic state and demonstrate the existence of non-redundant fate specifying information across the two modalities.Next, we applied CellTag-multi to a less defined system of fate conversion - the direct reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced Endoderm Progenitors (iEPs). iEP reprogramming yields a heterogenous cell population comprised of on-target reprogrammed, epithelialized cells, and off-target cells characterized by partial retention of fibroblast-like identity and activation of certain imprinted genes. Beyond mapping fate-specific cis-regulatory elements, CellTag-multi identified several features delineating cells destined for off- target reprogramming including the failure of reprogramming TFs to engage with their genomic targets and broad activation of mesenchymal gene programs. This analysis also revealed distinct sets of TFs driving fate-specific gene programs in both on-target and off-target destined cells, suggesting lineage dependent re-wiring of gene regulatory networks during the early stages of reprogramming. Lastly, we experimentally validated the function of one such TF, Zfp281, in driving off-target cell identity.We further developed the technical capabilities of CellTag-multi, enabling lineage profiling with single-cell assay of genome-wide histone occupancy profiles. We demonstrated the feasibility of this assay through a series of benchmarking experiments in clonally expanded iEPs. Finally, we switched focus from mechanisms driving on-target vs off-target fates in iEP reprogramming to those governing the in vivo engraftment fates of reprogrammed cells. We observed epigenetic and transcriptional signatures suggestive of fate priming towards either liver or colon in vivo fates, through multiomic clonal analysis, and design a framework for in vivo clonal tracking of these clones to test these findings.In summary, I present CellTag-multi as a platform for lineage tracing across an increasingly diverse array of single cell sequencing assays and demonstrate its utility in revealing fate specifying gene regulatory changes across multiple paradigms of cell fate conversion.
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
키워드  
Epigenomic assays
키워드  
Single-cell assay
키워드  
Genomic targets
키워드  
Direct lineage reprogramming
기타저자  
Washington University in St. Louis Biology & Biomedical Sciences (Molecular Genetics & Genomics)
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-10B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aDissecting  the  Role  of  Chromatin  Remodeling  in  Direct  Lineage  Reprogramming
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bWashington  University  in  St  Louis▼c2024
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-10,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Morris,  Samantha.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Washington  University  in  St.  Louis,  2024.
■520    ▼aDirect  reprogramming,  the  direct  forced  conversion  of  one  somatic  cell  type  to  another  has  widespread  applications  in  regenerative  medicine.  Owing  to  its  highly  complex  nature,  discovery  and  validation  of  new  factors  for  direct  reprogramming  is  challenging  and  many  current  protocols  suffer  from  low  conversion  efficiency,  failing  to  create  mature  cell  types  comparable  to  their  in  vivo  counterparts.  Recent  advances  in  single-cell  have  coupled  cell  ancestry  and  transcriptomic  state  measurement  in  single-cell  RNA  sequencing  (scRNA-seq)  assays.  In  reprogramming  and  development,  these  have  allowed  mapping  lineage  specific  transcriptional  changes  both  before  and  during  cell  fate  specification.  These  methods  work  by  encoding  lineage  into  heritable,  transcribed  DNA  barcodes  that  are  captured  alongside  single-cell  transcriptomes.  While  ingenuous,  this  approach  limits  lineage  tracing  to  single-cell  transcriptomic  assays.On  the  other  hand,  cell  fate  conversions,  both  artificial  and  natural,  are  driven  by  complex  gene  regulatory  mechanisms  and  precise  control  and  modification  the  cellular  epigenomic  state.  As  a  result,  the  assay  of  lineage  paired  with  cellular  epigenetic  state  could  provide  significant  insights  into  fate  specifying  epigenetic  changes,  in  a  lineage  specific  manner.  We  enabled  this  via  the  development  of  CellTag-multi  -  an  assay  to  directly  capture  lineage  barcodes  across  both  single-cell  transcriptomic  and  epigenomic  assays.  CellTag-multi  build  on  our  original  single-cell  transcriptional  lineage  tracing  method,  CellTagging.With  the  first  iteration  of  CellTag-multi,  we  extended  lineage  tracing  to  single-cell  epigenomics  by  pairing  lineage  barcode  capture  with  single-cell  genome-wide  accessible  chromatin  profiles  -  measured  via  single-cell  Assay  of  Transposase  Accessible  Chromatin  by  Sequencing  (scATAC-seq).  We  validated  CellTag-multi  by  applying  it  to  in  vitro  hematopoiesis,  a  well  characterized  system  of  multi-lineage  differentiation,  where  we  use  it  to  recapitulate  known  signatures  of  lineage  specific  epigenetic  priming  in  differentiating  progenitor  cells.  Additionally,  we  compared  the  degree  of  lineage  priming  across  transcriptional  and  epigenomic  state  and  demonstrate  the  existence  of  non-redundant  fate  specifying  information  across  the  two  modalities.Next,  we  applied  CellTag-multi  to  a  less  defined  system  of  fate  conversion  -  the  direct  reprogramming  of  Mouse  Embryonic  Fibroblasts  (MEFs)  to  induced  Endoderm  Progenitors  (iEPs).  iEP  reprogramming  yields  a  heterogenous  cell  population  comprised  of  on-target  reprogrammed,  epithelialized  cells,  and  off-target  cells  characterized  by  partial  retention  of  fibroblast-like  identity  and  activation  of  certain  imprinted  genes.  Beyond  mapping  fate-specific  cis-regulatory  elements,  CellTag-multi  identified  several  features  delineating  cells  destined  for  off-  target  reprogramming  including  the  failure  of  reprogramming  TFs  to  engage  with  their  genomic  targets  and  broad  activation  of  mesenchymal  gene  programs.  This  analysis  also  revealed  distinct  sets  of  TFs  driving  fate-specific  gene  programs  in  both  on-target  and  off-target  destined  cells,  suggesting  lineage  dependent  re-wiring  of  gene  regulatory  networks  during  the  early  stages  of  reprogramming.  Lastly,  we  experimentally  validated  the  function  of  one  such  TF,  Zfp281,  in  driving  off-target  cell  identity.We  further  developed  the  technical  capabilities  of  CellTag-multi,  enabling  lineage  profiling  with  single-cell  assay  of  genome-wide  histone  occupancy  profiles.  We  demonstrated  the  feasibility  of  this  assay  through  a  series  of  benchmarking  experiments  in  clonally  expanded  iEPs.  Finally,  we  switched  focus  from  mechanisms  driving  on-target  vs  off-target  fates  in  iEP  reprogramming  to  those  governing  the  in  vivo  engraftment  fates  of  reprogrammed  cells.  We  observed  epigenetic  and  transcriptional  signatures  suggestive  of  fate  priming  towards  either  liver  or  colon  in  vivo  fates,  through  multiomic  clonal  analysis,  and  design  a  framework  for  in  vivo  clonal  tracking  of  these  clones  to  test  these  findings.In  summary,  I  present  CellTag-multi  as  a  platform  for  lineage  tracing  across  an  increasingly  diverse  array  of  single  cell  sequencing  assays  and  demonstrate  its  utility  in  revealing  fate  specifying  gene  regulatory  changes  across  multiple  paradigms  of  cell  fate  conversion.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0252.
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
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■653    ▼aEpigenomic  assays
■653    ▼aSingle-cell  assay
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■690    ▼a0715
■71020▼aWashington  University  in  St.  Louis▼bBiology  &  Biomedical  Sciences  (Molecular  Genetics  &  Genomics).
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-10B.
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■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161064▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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