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Excited Dyonic States of Monopoles and Astronomical Bounds on an Axion-Photon-Dark Photon Interaction
Excited Dyonic States of Monopoles and Astronomical Bounds on an Axion-Photon-Dark Photon ...
Excited Dyonic States of Monopoles and Astronomical Bounds on an Axion-Photon-Dark Photon Interaction

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152648
ISBN  
9798384425472
DDC  
593.7
저자명  
Ristow, Clayton James.
서명/저자  
Excited Dyonic States of Monopoles and Astronomical Bounds on an Axion-Photon-Dark Photon Interaction
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Maryland, College Park, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
188 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hook, Anson.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The study of beyond the standard model physics can largely be broken into two categories: theoretical and phenomenological. In the former, we study theories in depth to better understand their implications while in the latter, we hold models of our physical world to scrutiny against experimental evidence. Both are crucial to understanding physics beyond the standard model. To reflect this dichotomy, this thesis is broken into two acts, one covering theoretic research and the other discussing progress made on the phenomenological front.Chapter 2, comprising the entirety of Act 1 of this thesis, concerns the theory of magnetic monopoles. In the mid-1970's t'Hooft and Polyakov discovered magnetic monopoles exist as generic solutions in spontaneously broken gauge theories. Since then much progress has been made in understanding these monopoles, most notably by Callan who argued that the fermion vacuum is non-trivial around the core of the magnetic monopole. These non-trivial vacuua can be interpreted as bound states of fermions with fractional fermion number. In this work, we explicitly compute these fermion bound states in an SU(2) gauge theory coupled to Nf fermions. We demonstrate there are two unique ways to grant mass to the fermions in the SU(2) theory which, after symmetry breaking, give the same UEM (1) theory of fermions. Despite this low energy equivalence, we show that the two theories exhibit very different physics at low energy scales around a magnetic monopole. We show that there may exist stable excited dyonic states with differing charges and energies between the two theories. We find the ground states can also differ in energy and charge between the two theories. We demonstrate the monopole can inherit a mass correction and charge distribution that depends on the topological θ angle even if one of the fermions is massless. This effect is present in one of the theories and is completely absent in the other. Finally, we discuss the implications of these effects on the SU(5) GUT monopole.Act two, comprising of chapters 3 and 4, focuses on the phenomoenological side of beyond the standard model physics. In these chapters, we consider two highly motivated beyond the standard model particles, the axion, ϕ, and the dark photon AD which are coupled to the standard model photon via a coupling ϕFF̃D. In some models, this coupling can provide the leading order coupling between our sector and the dark sector containing the axion and dark photon.In chapter 2, we demonstrate the effect this coupling has on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in the scenario where either the axion or the dark photon constitutes dark matter. Depending on which we choose to be dark matter, we show that this interaction leads to the conversion of the CMB photons into the other dark sector particle, leading to a distortion in the CMB spectrum. We present the details of these unique distortion signatures and the resulting constraints on the ϕFF̃D coupling. In particular, we find that for a wide range of masses, the constraints from this effect are stronger than on the more widely studied axion-photon-photon coupling. We also demonstrate that CMB distortions of this type can a exhibit unique, non-thermal frequency profile which could be detected by future experiments. In chapter 3, we consider the astrophysical effects of the ϕFF̃D coupling, in particular, its effect on supernova cooling rates. We show that the bound on this interaction due to supernova cooling exhibits two unusual features. If there is a large mass difference between the axion and dark photon, we show both production and scattering become suppressed and the bounds from bulk (volume) emission and trapped (area) emission both weaken exponentially. We show that these bounds do not intersect leading to a larger area of excluded parameter space than may have otherwise been expected. The other unusual feature occurs because the longitudinal modes of light dark photons couple more weakly than their transverse modes. As a consequence, the longitudinal modes can still cause excessive cooling even if the transverse modes are trapped. Thus, the supernova constraints for massive dark photons look like two independent supernova bounds super-imposed on top of each other. We also briefly consider the effect of this interaction on white dwarf cooling and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.
일반주제명  
Particle physics
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Theoretical physics
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
키워드  
Axion
키워드  
Astrophysical effects
키워드  
Dark photon
키워드  
Dyonic states
키워드  
Monopoles
키워드  
Phenomenology
기타저자  
University of Maryland, College Park Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aRistow,  Clayton  James.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-6172-4710
■24510▼aExcited  Dyonic  States  of  Monopoles  and  Astronomical  Bounds  on  an  Axion-Photon-Dark  Photon  Interaction
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a188  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hook,  Anson.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Maryland,  College  Park,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  study  of  beyond  the  standard  model  physics  can  largely  be  broken  into  two  categories:  theoretical  and  phenomenological.  In  the  former,  we  study  theories  in  depth  to  better  understand  their  implications  while  in  the  latter,  we  hold  models  of  our  physical  world  to  scrutiny  against  experimental  evidence.  Both  are  crucial  to  understanding  physics  beyond  the  standard  model.  To  reflect  this  dichotomy,  this  thesis  is  broken  into  two  acts,  one  covering  theoretic  research  and  the  other  discussing  progress  made  on  the  phenomenological  front.Chapter  2,  comprising  the  entirety  of  Act  1  of  this  thesis,  concerns  the  theory  of  magnetic  monopoles.  In  the  mid-1970's  t'Hooft  and  Polyakov  discovered  magnetic  monopoles  exist  as  generic  solutions  in  spontaneously  broken  gauge  theories.  Since  then  much  progress  has  been  made  in  understanding  these  monopoles,  most  notably  by  Callan  who  argued  that  the  fermion  vacuum  is  non-trivial  around  the  core  of  the  magnetic  monopole.  These  non-trivial  vacuua  can  be  interpreted  as  bound  states  of  fermions  with  fractional  fermion  number.  In  this  work,  we  explicitly  compute  these  fermion  bound  states  in  an  SU(2)  gauge  theory  coupled  to  Nf  fermions.  We  demonstrate  there  are  two  unique  ways  to  grant  mass  to  the  fermions  in  the  SU(2)  theory  which,  after  symmetry  breaking,  give  the  same  UEM  (1)  theory  of  fermions.  Despite  this  low  energy  equivalence,  we  show  that  the  two  theories  exhibit  very  different  physics  at  low  energy  scales  around  a  magnetic  monopole.  We  show  that  there  may  exist  stable  excited  dyonic  states  with  differing  charges  and  energies  between  the  two  theories.  We  find  the  ground  states  can  also  differ  in  energy  and  charge  between  the  two  theories.  We  demonstrate  the  monopole  can  inherit  a  mass  correction  and  charge  distribution  that  depends  on  the  topological  θ  angle  even  if  one  of  the  fermions  is  massless.  This  effect  is  present  in  one  of  the  theories  and  is  completely  absent  in  the  other.  Finally,  we  discuss  the  implications  of  these  effects  on  the  SU(5)  GUT  monopole.Act  two,  comprising  of  chapters  3  and  4,  focuses  on  the  phenomoenological  side  of  beyond  the  standard  model  physics.  In  these  chapters,  we  consider  two  highly  motivated  beyond  the  standard  model  particles,  the  axion,  ϕ,  and  the  dark  photon  AD  which  are  coupled  to  the  standard  model  photon  via  a  coupling  ϕFF̃D.  In  some  models,  this  coupling  can  provide  the  leading  order  coupling  between  our  sector  and  the  dark  sector  containing  the  axion  and  dark  photon.In  chapter  2,  we  demonstrate  the  effect  this  coupling  has  on  the  Cosmic  Microwave  Background  (CMB)  in  the  scenario  where  either  the  axion  or  the  dark  photon  constitutes  dark  matter.  Depending  on  which  we  choose  to  be  dark  matter,  we  show  that  this  interaction  leads  to  the  conversion  of  the  CMB  photons  into  the  other  dark  sector  particle,  leading  to  a  distortion  in  the  CMB  spectrum.  We  present  the  details  of  these  unique  distortion  signatures  and  the  resulting  constraints  on  the  ϕFF̃D  coupling.  In  particular,  we  find  that  for  a  wide  range  of  masses,  the  constraints  from  this  effect  are  stronger  than  on  the  more  widely  studied  axion-photon-photon  coupling.  We  also  demonstrate  that  CMB  distortions  of  this  type  can  a  exhibit  unique,  non-thermal  frequency  profile  which  could  be  detected  by  future  experiments. In  chapter  3,  we  consider  the  astrophysical  effects  of  the  ϕFF̃D  coupling,  in  particular,  its  effect  on  supernova  cooling  rates.  We  show  that  the  bound  on  this  interaction  due  to  supernova  cooling  exhibits  two  unusual  features.  If  there  is  a  large  mass  difference  between  the  axion  and  dark  photon,  we  show  both  production  and  scattering  become  suppressed  and  the  bounds  from  bulk  (volume)  emission  and  trapped  (area)  emission  both  weaken  exponentially.  We  show  that  these  bounds  do  not  intersect  leading  to  a  larger  area  of  excluded  parameter  space  than  may  have  otherwise  been  expected.  The  other  unusual  feature  occurs  because  the  longitudinal  modes  of  light  dark  photons  couple  more  weakly  than  their  transverse  modes.  As  a  consequence,  the  longitudinal  modes  can  still  cause  excessive  cooling  even  if  the  transverse  modes  are  trapped.  Thus,  the  supernova  constraints  for  massive  dark  photons  look  like  two  independent  supernova  bounds  super-imposed  on  top  of  each  other.  We  also  briefly  consider  the  effect  of  this  interaction  on  white  dwarf  cooling  and  Big  Bang  Nucleosynthesis.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0117.
■650  4▼aParticle  physics
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aTheoretical  physics
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■653    ▼aAxion
■653    ▼aAstrophysical  effects
■653    ▼aDark  photon
■653    ▼aDyonic  states
■653    ▼aMonopoles
■653    ▼aPhenomenology
■690    ▼a0798
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0753
■690    ▼a0607
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0117
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163283▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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