Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory
Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152651
- ISBN
- 9798342710916
- DDC
- 150
- 저자명
- Kwak, Yuna.
- 서명/저자
- Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : New York University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 220 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Carrasco, Marisa.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Our daily visual perception and behavior are constrained by various factors. Most of the times, this goes unnoticed thanks to visual mechanisms that help overcome constraints imposed on our visual system. In this dissertation, I focus on two mechanisms critical for our visual behavior -attention and working memory- and how they modulate visual representations.Part 1: Vision is limited by internal factors: There are less resources devoted to processing visual information at certain locations, resulting in poor visual sensitivity at these locations. To overcome this, we select relevant information by making saccadic eye movements to place objects of interest at the fovea where perception is most sensitive. Interestingly, even before saccade onset, presaccadic attention automatically shifts to the saccade target and enhances perception. In Part 1, I use psychophysical methods to investigate how visual representations are spatially non-uniform around the visual field -more specifically around polar angle- and how presaccadic attention influences these representations. Chapters 2 and 3 build upon findings showing that sensitivity differs with polar angle in many visual dimensions (e.g., acuity and contrast sensitivity), referred to as polar angle asymmetries. Importantly, presaccadic attention enhances perception at all polar angle locations, rendering the current peripheral representation more fovea-like in anticipation of a saccade. However, the strong benefit of presaccadic attention does not eliminate the polar angle asymmetries: Rather, presaccadic attention preserves or intensifies the asymmetries depending on the visual dimension it is operating on. In Chapter 4, I further investigate these robust asymmetries jointly in multiple visual dimensions, by characterizing the function depicting our entire window of visibility, both at a group and at an individual level. We found that at the horizontal meridian, compared to the vertical meridian, group sensitivity is higher, consistent with previous chapters, and that sensitivity across individuals vary in a more consistent manner. Taken together, the studies in Part 1 indicate that presaccadic attention enhances perceptual representations and helps bridge the gap between pre-saccadic and post-saccadic input, at all locations around the visual field. However, the difference in representations around polar angle is not eliminated. These results highlight the importance of investigating visual representations and attentional modulations around polar angle, as measurements are not generalized across these locations.Part 2: In addition to internal factors such as the drop in sensitivity at certain locations, there are also external factors limiting vision. For example, an object may no longer be available as saccade targets or for attentional processing, due to occlusion or movement. Thus, the brain requires a mechanism to hold information internally across this perceptual discontinuity, referred to as working memory. In Chapter 5, I use fMRI to investigate the format in which working memory represents visual information. The results revealed that working memory compresses perceptual information (i.e., dot motion) into an abstract spatial representation (i.e., spatial line pointing in the same direction). This finding reveals the format of representations in working memory, and suggests that working memory flexibly re-codes visual information into a simpler format, more efficient for storage and future behavior.Taken together, the current dissertation advances our understanding of how attention and working memory modulate visual representations, facilitating seemless perception and goal-directed behavior that relies on processing visual information.
- 일반주제명
- Psychology
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 일반주제명
- Cognitive psychology
- 키워드
- Working memory
- 기타저자
- New York University Psychology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017163310
■00520250211152651
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798342710916
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31486810
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a150
■1001 ▼aKwak, Yuna.
■24510▼aVisual Representation in Attention and Working Memory
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNew York University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a220 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Carrasco, Marisa.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
■520 ▼aOur daily visual perception and behavior are constrained by various factors. Most of the times, this goes unnoticed thanks to visual mechanisms that help overcome constraints imposed on our visual system. In this dissertation, I focus on two mechanisms critical for our visual behavior -attention and working memory- and how they modulate visual representations.Part 1: Vision is limited by internal factors: There are less resources devoted to processing visual information at certain locations, resulting in poor visual sensitivity at these locations. To overcome this, we select relevant information by making saccadic eye movements to place objects of interest at the fovea where perception is most sensitive. Interestingly, even before saccade onset, presaccadic attention automatically shifts to the saccade target and enhances perception. In Part 1, I use psychophysical methods to investigate how visual representations are spatially non-uniform around the visual field -more specifically around polar angle- and how presaccadic attention influences these representations. Chapters 2 and 3 build upon findings showing that sensitivity differs with polar angle in many visual dimensions (e.g., acuity and contrast sensitivity), referred to as polar angle asymmetries. Importantly, presaccadic attention enhances perception at all polar angle locations, rendering the current peripheral representation more fovea-like in anticipation of a saccade. However, the strong benefit of presaccadic attention does not eliminate the polar angle asymmetries: Rather, presaccadic attention preserves or intensifies the asymmetries depending on the visual dimension it is operating on. In Chapter 4, I further investigate these robust asymmetries jointly in multiple visual dimensions, by characterizing the function depicting our entire window of visibility, both at a group and at an individual level. We found that at the horizontal meridian, compared to the vertical meridian, group sensitivity is higher, consistent with previous chapters, and that sensitivity across individuals vary in a more consistent manner. Taken together, the studies in Part 1 indicate that presaccadic attention enhances perceptual representations and helps bridge the gap between pre-saccadic and post-saccadic input, at all locations around the visual field. However, the difference in representations around polar angle is not eliminated. These results highlight the importance of investigating visual representations and attentional modulations around polar angle, as measurements are not generalized across these locations.Part 2: In addition to internal factors such as the drop in sensitivity at certain locations, there are also external factors limiting vision. For example, an object may no longer be available as saccade targets or for attentional processing, due to occlusion or movement. Thus, the brain requires a mechanism to hold information internally across this perceptual discontinuity, referred to as working memory. In Chapter 5, I use fMRI to investigate the format in which working memory represents visual information. The results revealed that working memory compresses perceptual information (i.e., dot motion) into an abstract spatial representation (i.e., spatial line pointing in the same direction). This finding reveals the format of representations in working memory, and suggests that working memory flexibly re-codes visual information into a simpler format, more efficient for storage and future behavior.Taken together, the current dissertation advances our understanding of how attention and working memory modulate visual representations, facilitating seemless perception and goal-directed behavior that relies on processing visual information.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aPsychology
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■650 4▼aCognitive psychology
■653 ▼aVisual representations
■653 ▼aPresaccadic attention
■653 ▼aWorking memory
■653 ▼aVisual mechanisms
■690 ▼a0621
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0633
■71020▼aNew York University▼bPsychology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-04B.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163310▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


