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Essays on the Economics of Education
Essays on the Economics of Education
Essays on the Economics of Education

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151144
ISBN  
9798382783383
DDC  
370
저자명  
Rodriguez, Julio.
서명/저자  
Essays on the Economics of Education
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
162 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bergman, Peter.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, I present an examination of the economics of education through three chapters. In the first paper, I study the overrepresentation of elite university graduates in senior positions in public administration. Using rich administrative data from Chile, I employ a stacked fuzzy regression discontinuity design to estimate the causal effect of attending elite universities versus non-elite institutions on the likelihood of working in the public sector and attaining top positions within it. The findings suggest that while the observed disparity in top positions within public administration is largely a result of selection rather than inherent advantages of elite education, attending elite universities may enhance social mobility for students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, particularly within specific majors. In the second paper, my coauthors and I propose an alternative approach using algorithms to predict college readiness and guide course placement. Drawing on experimental data from seven community colleges, the study shows that algorithmic placement increases placement rates into college-level courses without sacrificing pass rates. Moreover, algorithmic placement shows promise in narrowing demographic disparities in placement rates and remedial course enrollment, outperforming traditional placement tests in terms of predictive accuracy while mitigating discrimination. In the final chapter, I explore the relationship between school counselor availability and disciplinary outcomes in middle and high schools across the United States. Leveraging exogenous variations in student-to-counselor ratios driven by state recommendations and mandates, I employ administrative data from 26 states to estimate the causal impact of counselor availability on disciplinary actions such as suspensions, expulsions, and transfers. The results indicate that increased counselor availability reduces school disciplinary actions, with larger effects observed in high schools compared to middle schools. Moreover, speculative analyses suggest that the effectiveness of counselors in mitigating disciplinary issues may be complemented by the overall staffing levels in high schools. This dissertation contributes to our understanding of how educational policies and practices shape individual outcomes and societal inequalities, shedding light on avenues for promoting social mobility, improving educational access and equity, and fostering conducive learning environments.
일반주제명  
Education
일반주제명  
Higher education
일반주제명  
Education policy
일반주제명  
Education finance
키워드  
Public sector
키워드  
Labor market
키워드  
Higher education applications
키워드  
School counselors
키워드  
College systems
기타저자  
Columbia University TC: Economics and Education
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a370
■1001  ▼aRodriguez,  Julio.
■24510▼aEssays  on  the  Economics  of  Education
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a162  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bergman,  Peter.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  I  present  an  examination  of  the  economics  of  education  through  three  chapters.  In  the  first  paper,  I  study  the  overrepresentation  of  elite  university  graduates  in  senior  positions  in  public  administration.  Using  rich  administrative  data  from  Chile,  I  employ  a  stacked  fuzzy  regression  discontinuity  design  to  estimate  the  causal  effect  of  attending  elite  universities  versus  non-elite  institutions  on  the  likelihood  of  working  in  the  public  sector  and  attaining  top  positions  within  it.  The  findings  suggest  that  while  the  observed  disparity  in  top  positions  within  public  administration  is  largely  a  result  of  selection  rather  than  inherent  advantages  of  elite  education,  attending  elite  universities  may  enhance  social  mobility  for  students  from  lower  socioeconomic  backgrounds,  particularly  within  specific  majors.  In  the  second  paper,  my  coauthors  and  I  propose  an  alternative  approach  using  algorithms  to  predict  college  readiness  and  guide  course  placement.  Drawing  on  experimental  data  from  seven  community  colleges,  the  study  shows  that  algorithmic  placement  increases  placement  rates  into  college-level  courses  without  sacrificing  pass  rates.  Moreover,  algorithmic  placement  shows  promise  in  narrowing  demographic  disparities  in  placement  rates  and  remedial  course  enrollment,  outperforming  traditional  placement  tests  in  terms  of  predictive  accuracy  while  mitigating  discrimination.  In  the  final  chapter,  I  explore  the  relationship  between  school  counselor  availability  and  disciplinary  outcomes  in  middle  and  high  schools  across  the  United  States.  Leveraging  exogenous  variations  in  student-to-counselor  ratios  driven  by  state  recommendations  and  mandates,  I  employ  administrative  data  from  26  states  to  estimate  the  causal  impact  of  counselor  availability  on  disciplinary  actions  such  as  suspensions,  expulsions,  and  transfers.  The  results  indicate  that  increased  counselor  availability  reduces  school  disciplinary  actions,  with  larger  effects  observed  in  high  schools  compared  to  middle  schools.  Moreover,  speculative  analyses  suggest  that  the  effectiveness  of  counselors  in  mitigating  disciplinary  issues  may  be  complemented  by  the  overall  staffing  levels  in  high  schools.  This  dissertation  contributes  to  our  understanding  of  how  educational  policies  and  practices  shape  individual  outcomes  and  societal  inequalities,  shedding  light  on  avenues  for  promoting  social  mobility,  improving  educational  access  and  equity,  and  fostering  conducive  learning  environments.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aEducation
■650  4▼aHigher  education
■650  4▼aEducation  policy
■650  4▼aEducation  finance
■653    ▼aPublic  sector
■653    ▼aLabor  market
■653    ▼aHigher  education  applications
■653    ▼aSchool  counselors
■653    ▼aCollege  systems
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0515
■690    ▼a0277
■690    ▼a0745
■690    ▼a0458
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bTC:  Economics  and  Education.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12A.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160976▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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