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The Roles of Output-Induced Noticing in L2 Acquisition: A Process- and Product-Oriented Study Through Eye-Tracking
The Roles of Output-Induced Noticing in L2 Acquisition: A Process- and Product-Oriented St...
The Roles of Output-Induced Noticing in L2 Acquisition: A Process- and Product-Oriented Study Through Eye-Tracking

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152704
ISBN  
9798383631171
DDC  
401
저자명  
Suga, Kiyotaka.
서명/저자  
The Roles of Output-Induced Noticing in L2 Acquisition: A Process- and Product-Oriented Study Through Eye-Tracking
발행사항  
[Sl] : Michigan State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
197 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Loewen, Shawn.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Since Swain's (1985) Output Hypothesis, producing output in second language (L2) has been assumed to be a crucial cognitive process that promotes L2 acquisition, by actively facilitating various cognitive processes (e.g., noticing, hypothesis testing, conscious reflections of own language use, and automatization of the linguistic knowledge) (de Bot, 1998, Gass, 1997; Izumi, 2003; Muranoi, 2007a; Swain, 1985, 2005). In particular, the noticing function of output has been widely accepted as a cognitive rationale of L2 learning in Second Language Acquisition (SLA)/Instructed SLA (ISLA). Despite the commonly accepted Swain's Output Hypothesis and the noticing-inducing function of output, previous empirical studies that investigated whether and how producing L2 output could induce various types of learner-noticing and impact overall grammar learning gains have reported mixed results. Therefore, this study investigated how producing L2 output could induce learner noticing in a subsequent input (i.e., output-induced noticing) and contribute to the learning of the English past counterfactual/hypothetical conditional through a hybrid design of both product- and process-oriented research approaches.The participants of the study were 117 international undergraduate and graduate students in the U.S. They were assigned to one of the three conditions (Oral Output, Written Output, and Input-Only Comparison Groups) and then engaged in each treatment task, respectively. During the treatment sessions, all the learners followed the same four instructional steps: (1) listened to an oral introduction that provided background knowledge of a reading text; (2) read a short text (First Input); (3) engaged in each different treatment task (Oral Output, Written Output, or Aural Input); and (4) read the same text again (i.e., subsequent input) (Second Input). Both output groups engaged in the same text-reconstruction task, in which they were asked to reconstruct the text that they had just comprehended as accurately as possible using descriptive picture cues. However, the modality of the reconstruction was different (an oral or a written mode). The Input-Only Group listened to a text narration while watching the same descriptive picture cues. During the first and second input, learners' noticing behaviors on the target form were measured through an online, objective measure (i.e., eye-tracking) with two different levels of processing (i.e., the early [first-pass reading time, FPRT and the late measures [re-reading time, RRT]). In addition to these two process-oriented measures, the learners' overall learning gains were also assessed through a written-picture description test (WPDT) and an oral elicited imitation test (OEIT) in a pretest and posttest design as product-oriented measures.Overall, the results of the study revealed that producing L2 output as a form of text-reconstruction induced learner noticing, which was evidenced by both Oral and Written Output groups' significantly increased eye-fixation duration to process the features of the target grammatical form in the subsequent input, whereas the Input Only group showed significantly decreased eye-fixation duration to process the form. The degree of output-induced noticing was moderated by the modality of output and the levels of the eye-tracking (FPRT or RRT). The results of the late measure of eye-tracking (i.e., RRT) indicated similar eye-fixation duration gains from the first reading to the second reading for both groups, but the results of the early measure (i.e., FPRT) showed a significantly higher FPRT for the Written Output group but not for the Oral Output group. As for the impact of L2 output on the acquisition of the target form, however, the grammar test results did not show any significant group differences, even though slight differences were indicated in the descriptive results. Therefore, the findings of the study did not indicate measurable effects of L2 output on grammar learning but the eye-tracking results demonstrated the detailed mechanisms of how the noticing-triggering function of output was promoted in the subsequent input after engaging in L2 output practice.
일반주제명  
Linguistics
일반주제명  
Language
일반주제명  
English as a second language
일반주제명  
Language arts
일반주제명  
Foreign language instruction
키워드  
L2 acquisition
키워드  
Second language
키워드  
Second Language Acquisition
키워드  
Cognitive processes
키워드  
Oral elicited imitation test
키워드  
Eye-tracking results
기타저자  
Michigan State University Second Language Studies - Doctor of Philosophy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSuga,  Kiyotaka.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-3953-4785
■24510▼aThe  Roles  of  Output-Induced  Noticing  in  L2  Acquisition:  A  Process-  and  Product-Oriented  Study  Through  Eye-Tracking
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bMichigan  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Loewen,  Shawn.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Michigan  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aSince  Swain's  (1985)  Output  Hypothesis,  producing  output  in  second  language  (L2)  has  been  assumed  to  be  a  crucial  cognitive  process  that  promotes  L2  acquisition,  by  actively  facilitating  various  cognitive  processes  (e.g.,  noticing,  hypothesis  testing,  conscious  reflections  of  own  language  use,  and  automatization  of  the  linguistic  knowledge)  (de  Bot,  1998,  Gass,  1997;  Izumi,  2003;  Muranoi,  2007a;  Swain,  1985,  2005).  In  particular,  the  noticing  function  of  output  has  been  widely  accepted  as  a  cognitive  rationale  of  L2  learning  in  Second  Language  Acquisition  (SLA)/Instructed  SLA  (ISLA).  Despite  the  commonly  accepted  Swain's  Output  Hypothesis  and  the  noticing-inducing  function  of  output,  previous  empirical  studies  that  investigated  whether  and  how  producing  L2  output  could  induce  various  types  of  learner-noticing  and  impact  overall  grammar  learning  gains  have  reported  mixed  results.  Therefore,  this  study  investigated  how  producing  L2  output  could  induce  learner  noticing  in  a  subsequent  input  (i.e.,  output-induced  noticing)  and  contribute  to  the  learning  of  the  English  past  counterfactual/hypothetical  conditional  through  a  hybrid  design  of  both  product-  and  process-oriented  research  approaches.The  participants  of  the  study  were  117  international  undergraduate  and  graduate  students  in  the  U.S.  They  were  assigned  to  one  of  the  three  conditions  (Oral  Output,  Written  Output,  and  Input-Only  Comparison  Groups)  and  then  engaged  in  each  treatment  task,  respectively.  During  the  treatment  sessions,  all  the  learners  followed  the  same  four  instructional  steps:  (1)  listened  to  an  oral  introduction  that  provided  background  knowledge  of  a  reading  text;  (2)  read  a  short  text  (First  Input);  (3)  engaged  in  each  different  treatment  task  (Oral  Output,  Written  Output,  or  Aural  Input);  and  (4)  read  the  same  text  again  (i.e.,  subsequent  input)  (Second  Input).  Both  output  groups  engaged  in  the  same  text-reconstruction  task,  in  which  they  were  asked  to  reconstruct  the  text  that  they  had  just  comprehended  as  accurately  as  possible  using  descriptive  picture  cues.  However,  the  modality  of  the  reconstruction  was  different  (an  oral  or  a  written  mode).  The  Input-Only  Group  listened  to  a  text  narration  while  watching  the  same  descriptive  picture  cues.  During  the  first  and  second  input,  learners'  noticing  behaviors  on  the  target  form  were  measured  through  an  online,  objective  measure  (i.e.,  eye-tracking)  with  two  different  levels  of  processing  (i.e.,  the  early  [first-pass  reading  time,  FPRT  and  the  late  measures  [re-reading  time,  RRT]).  In  addition  to  these  two  process-oriented  measures,  the  learners'  overall  learning  gains  were  also  assessed  through  a  written-picture  description  test  (WPDT)  and  an  oral  elicited  imitation  test  (OEIT)  in  a  pretest  and  posttest  design  as  product-oriented  measures.Overall,  the  results  of  the  study  revealed  that  producing  L2  output  as  a  form  of  text-reconstruction  induced  learner  noticing,  which  was  evidenced  by  both  Oral  and  Written  Output  groups'  significantly  increased  eye-fixation  duration  to  process  the  features  of  the  target  grammatical  form  in  the  subsequent  input,  whereas  the  Input  Only  group  showed  significantly  decreased  eye-fixation  duration  to  process  the  form.  The  degree  of  output-induced  noticing  was  moderated  by  the  modality  of  output  and  the  levels  of  the  eye-tracking  (FPRT  or  RRT).  The  results  of  the  late  measure  of  eye-tracking  (i.e.,  RRT)  indicated  similar  eye-fixation  duration  gains  from  the  first  reading  to  the  second  reading  for  both  groups,  but  the  results  of  the  early  measure  (i.e.,  FPRT)  showed  a  significantly  higher  FPRT  for  the  Written  Output  group  but  not  for  the  Oral  Output  group.  As  for  the  impact  of  L2  output  on  the  acquisition  of  the  target  form,  however,  the  grammar  test  results  did  not  show  any  significant  group  differences,  even  though  slight  differences  were  indicated  in  the  descriptive  results.  Therefore,  the  findings  of  the  study  did  not  indicate  measurable  effects  of  L2  output  on  grammar  learning  but  the  eye-tracking  results  demonstrated  the  detailed  mechanisms  of  how  the  noticing-triggering  function  of  output  was  promoted  in  the  subsequent  input  after  engaging  in  L2  output  practice.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0128.
■650  4▼aLinguistics
■650  4▼aLanguage
■650  4▼aEnglish  as  a  second  language
■650  4▼aLanguage  arts
■650  4▼aForeign  language  instruction
■653    ▼aL2  acquisition
■653    ▼aSecond  language
■653    ▼aSecond  Language  Acquisition
■653    ▼aCognitive  processes
■653    ▼aOral  elicited  imitation  test
■653    ▼aEye-tracking  results
■690    ▼a0290
■690    ▼a0279
■690    ▼a0444
■690    ▼a0679
■690    ▼a0441
■71020▼aMichigan  State  University▼bSecond  Language  Studies  -  Doctor  of  Philosophy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02A.
■790    ▼a0128
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163406▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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