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Microglia Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease
Microglia Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease
Microglia Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151507
ISBN  
9798383703823
DDC  
616.079
저자명  
Heavener, Kelsey Sarah.
서명/저자  
Microglia Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Alzheimers Disease
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
160 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bradshaw, Elizabeth.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Neurodegeneration involves a complicated cascade of homeostatic dysfunction that converges on neuron loss and cognitive decline, involving complex immune, metabolic, and cell-cell crosstalk pathways. The complicated interplay and heterogeneous nature of these factors in the brain make therapeutic development challenging.Recent advances have placed the immune system as an important driver of neurodegeneration both mechanistically and genetically. Microglia are the professional phagocytes that inhabit the brain and direct these inflammatory pathways, which can have reparative or destructive outcomes on the brain parenchyma. While various genetic risk factors for neurodegeneration reside in microglia, how these trigger and facilitate disease requires further investigation.In the present dissertation, I investigate inflammatory activation in microglia upon various damage or pathology-associated stimuli by utilizing a primary human monocyte-derived microglia-like cell (MDMi) model from a diverse donor cohort, which allows for the examination of genetically driven differences. I find that MDMi stimulated through ATP-mediated P2RX7 activation display reduced phagocytic function for amyloid beta uptake, and this pathway is also influenced by individual donors' SPI1 genotype which has been associated with Alzheimer's disease in previous computational studies. These experiments demonstrate functional outcomes related to AD genetics in immune cells.Previous computational studies have identified cognitive-decline associated gene modules expressed in human brain tissues from late-stage AD. I conducted in vitro follow up experiments to interrogate these genetic findings which is crucial for validating RNA sequencing data in a biological model. To interrogate differential MDMi inflammatory pathways, I treated cells with the toxic immunostimulatory molecule lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or its non-toxic derivative monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) which has positive immune properties currently utilized in vaccine adjuvants. My results indicated that individual gene expression in this module does not shift in a uniform manner upon LPS or MPLA challenge, suggesting more nuanced in vitro interrogation is required to identify conditions propagating this end stage disease phenotype.Microglia serve as the primary immune cells of the brain but also interact closely with astrocytes, large glial cells that facilitate neuronal homeostasis and are central players in AD due to their high apolipoprotein (APOE) production. Given the newly appreciated role of cellular crosstalk in neurological disease pathogenesis, I sought to optimize a protocol for isolation of primary mouse astrocytes for coculture with MDMi and investigation of non-direct cell contact interactions through astrocyte supernatants. Described in this dissertation is my optimized protocol for purified mouse astrocyte isolation from mice expressing humanized APOE2, APOE3, or APOE4. By developing this model, I was able to discern differential changes to MDMi gene expression in the presence of APOE2, 3, or 4 astrocyte supernatants. Verification of these tools allows further exploration of APOE genotype on glial crosstalk and downstream AD pathology.Overall, this work uncovers important mechanisms of human microglia activation through AD genetics and extracellular P2RX7 receptor behavior. By interrogating these scientific questions in a human microglia model derived from donors of various genetic and age backgrounds, we can assess how real biological variation modulates canonical inflammatory pathways. This adds powerful clinical relevance as AD and other neurodegenerative conditions can present a very heterogenous phenotype pathologically and therefore may require the nuance of more personalized medicine therapeutically.  
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Pathology
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Alzheimer's disease
키워드  
ATP
키워드  
Inflammation
키워드  
Microglia
키워드  
Neurodegeneration
키워드  
ATP-mediated P2RX7 activation
기타저자  
Columbia University Pathobiology and Molecular Medicine
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aHeavener,  Kelsey  Sarah.
■24510▼aMicroglia  Purinergic  Receptor-Mediated  Neuroinflammation  in  Alzheimer's  Disease
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a160  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bradshaw,  Elizabeth.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aNeurodegeneration  involves  a  complicated  cascade  of  homeostatic  dysfunction  that  converges  on  neuron  loss  and  cognitive  decline,  involving  complex  immune,  metabolic,  and  cell-cell  crosstalk  pathways.  The  complicated  interplay  and  heterogeneous  nature  of  these  factors  in  the  brain  make  therapeutic  development  challenging.Recent  advances  have  placed  the  immune  system  as  an  important  driver  of  neurodegeneration  both  mechanistically  and  genetically.  Microglia  are  the  professional  phagocytes  that  inhabit  the  brain  and  direct  these  inflammatory  pathways,  which  can  have  reparative  or  destructive  outcomes  on  the  brain  parenchyma.  While  various  genetic  risk  factors  for  neurodegeneration  reside  in  microglia,  how  these  trigger  and  facilitate  disease  requires  further  investigation.In  the  present  dissertation,  I  investigate  inflammatory  activation  in  microglia  upon  various  damage  or  pathology-associated  stimuli  by  utilizing  a  primary  human  monocyte-derived  microglia-like  cell  (MDMi)  model  from  a  diverse  donor  cohort,  which  allows  for  the  examination  of  genetically  driven  differences.  I  find  that  MDMi  stimulated  through  ATP-mediated  P2RX7  activation  display  reduced  phagocytic  function  for  amyloid  beta  uptake,  and  this  pathway  is  also  influenced  by  individual  donors'  SPI1  genotype  which  has  been  associated  with  Alzheimer's  disease  in  previous  computational  studies.  These  experiments  demonstrate  functional  outcomes  related  to  AD  genetics  in  immune  cells.Previous  computational  studies  have  identified  cognitive-decline  associated  gene  modules  expressed  in  human  brain  tissues  from  late-stage  AD.  I  conducted  in  vitro  follow  up  experiments  to  interrogate  these  genetic  findings  which  is  crucial  for  validating  RNA  sequencing  data  in  a  biological  model.  To  interrogate  differential  MDMi  inflammatory  pathways,  I  treated  cells  with  the  toxic  immunostimulatory  molecule  lipopolysaccharide  (LPS),  or  its  non-toxic  derivative  monophosphoryl  lipid  A  (MPLA)  which  has  positive  immune  properties  currently  utilized  in  vaccine  adjuvants.  My  results  indicated  that  individual  gene  expression  in  this  module  does  not  shift  in  a  uniform  manner  upon  LPS  or  MPLA  challenge,  suggesting  more  nuanced  in  vitro  interrogation  is  required  to  identify  conditions  propagating  this  end  stage  disease  phenotype.Microglia  serve  as  the  primary  immune  cells  of  the  brain  but  also  interact  closely  with  astrocytes,  large  glial  cells  that  facilitate  neuronal  homeostasis  and  are  central  players  in  AD  due  to  their  high  apolipoprotein  (APOE)  production.  Given  the  newly  appreciated  role  of  cellular  crosstalk  in  neurological  disease  pathogenesis,  I  sought  to  optimize  a  protocol  for  isolation  of  primary  mouse  astrocytes  for  coculture  with  MDMi  and  investigation  of  non-direct  cell  contact  interactions  through  astrocyte  supernatants.  Described  in  this  dissertation  is  my  optimized  protocol  for  purified  mouse  astrocyte  isolation  from  mice  expressing  humanized  APOE2,  APOE3,  or  APOE4.  By  developing  this  model,  I  was  able  to  discern  differential  changes  to  MDMi  gene  expression  in  the  presence  of  APOE2,  3,  or  4  astrocyte  supernatants.  Verification  of  these  tools  allows  further  exploration  of  APOE  genotype  on  glial  crosstalk  and  downstream  AD  pathology.Overall,  this  work  uncovers  important  mechanisms  of  human  microglia  activation  through  AD  genetics  and  extracellular  P2RX7  receptor  behavior.  By  interrogating  these  scientific  questions  in  a  human  microglia  model  derived  from  donors  of  various  genetic  and  age  backgrounds,  we  can  assess  how  real  biological  variation  modulates  canonical  inflammatory pathways.  This  adds  powerful  clinical  relevance  as  AD  and  other  neurodegenerative  conditions  can  present  a  very  heterogenous  phenotype  pathologically  and  therefore  may  require  the  nuance  of  more  personalized  medicine  therapeutically.  
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aPathology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aAlzheimer's  disease  
■653    ▼aATP
■653    ▼aInflammation
■653    ▼aMicroglia
■653    ▼aNeurodegeneration
■653    ▼aATP-mediated  P2RX7  activation
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0571
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bPathobiology  and  Molecular  Medicine.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161958▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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