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Enteric Glia & the Role of Gpr37 in Intestinal Inflammation
Enteric Glia & the Role of Gpr37 in Intestinal Inflammation
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211153048
- ISBN
- 9798346380306
- DDC
- 571.6
- 서명/저자
- Enteric Glia & the Role of Gpr37 in Intestinal Inflammation
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 88 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Becker, Laren;Kaltschmidt, Julia.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal (GI) functions, including nutrient absorption in the small intestine, and water absorption and propulsion of fecal matter in the colon.The ENS is composed of neurons, immune cells, and enteric glia cells (EGCs) that reside within two ganglionated plexuses within the gut wall.Characterizations of neuron and immune cell composition have revealed substantial heterogeneity throughout the GI tract, likely tailored to each location's specific function. Existing sequencing data suggest subpopulations of EGCs are present within the small intestine and colon ; however, the number and composition of these subtypes varies, potentially due to differences in sequencing methods. Furthermore, studies often focus on the entire GI tract, not differentiating between the MP and SMP, or focusing on the MP alone, leaving layer-specific heterogeneity unexplored.EGCs have been compared to astrocytes in the brain as they have many functional similarities. Like astrocytes, EGCs respond to neurotransmitters and release ATP. In the ENS, EGC response to neurotransmitters and subsequent release of ATP modulates intestinal reflexes. Activation of EGCs alone can drive neurogenic contractions, and disruptions in their function can lead to alterations in GI motility. During inflammation, EGCs become reactive, akin to astrocyte reactive gliosis, and can have both beneficial and harmful effects on GI function. Reactive gliosis in astrocytes has been recognized as a heterogenous response that depends on many factors including location within the brain. The extent to which region or layer-specific EGCs contribute to reactive gliosis and intestinal immune response remains unknown.In Chapter 1of this dissertation, I provide a brief introduction of the gastrointestinal tract and how the enteric nervous system regulates its function. I provide background information on enteric glia cells and what is known about their role in regulating GI motility. Additionally, I discuss EGCs involvement in GI inflammation and detail their inflammatory phenotype known as reactive gliosis. Finally, I review what is known about G-protein coupled receptor Gpr37 in regulating reactive gliosis in the CNS, as its function in the GI tract was previously unknown.In Chapter 2,I describe original research on region- and layer-specific heterogeneity of EGCs in the ENS. My findings reveal that EGCs are transcriptionally distinct according to the region and layer they reside in. I detail various MP specific EGC genes and differentially expressed genes between the MP and SMP, and the small intestine and colon. I further explore the function of the MP specific EGC gene, Gpr37, in reactive gliosis. My results suggest that signaling through Gpr37 attenuates fundamental processes in reactive gliosis such as activation of NF-kB and IFN-y signaling pathways, lymphocyte infiltration, neuronal activation, and GI dysmotility.In Chapter 3,I summarize my findings, discuss their potential implications, and detail important future directions.
- 일반주제명
- Cell death
- 일반주제명
- Chemokines
- 일반주제명
- Blood vessels
- 일반주제명
- Cytokines
- 일반주제명
- Flow cytometry
- 일반주제명
- Inflammation
- 일반주제명
- Colorectal cancer
- 일반주제명
- Constipation
- 일반주제명
- Neurotransmitters
- 일반주제명
- Small intestine
- 일반주제명
- Tumorigenesis
- 일반주제명
- Large intestine
- 일반주제명
- Immune system
- 일반주제명
- Rectum
- 일반주제명
- Nervous system
- 일반주제명
- Role models
- 일반주제명
- Nitric oxide
- 일반주제명
- Crohns disease
- 일반주제명
- Spinal cord
- 일반주제명
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Medicine
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 일반주제명
- Oncology
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211153048
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798346380306
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31643295
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanforddj357qk4625
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a571.6
■1001 ▼aRobertson, Keiramarie.
■24510▼aEnteric Glia & the Role of Gpr37 in Intestinal Inflammation
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a88 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Becker, Laren;Kaltschmidt, Julia.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aThe enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal (GI) functions, including nutrient absorption in the small intestine, and water absorption and propulsion of fecal matter in the colon.The ENS is composed of neurons, immune cells, and enteric glia cells (EGCs) that reside within two ganglionated plexuses within the gut wall.Characterizations of neuron and immune cell composition have revealed substantial heterogeneity throughout the GI tract, likely tailored to each location's specific function. Existing sequencing data suggest subpopulations of EGCs are present within the small intestine and colon ; however, the number and composition of these subtypes varies, potentially due to differences in sequencing methods. Furthermore, studies often focus on the entire GI tract, not differentiating between the MP and SMP, or focusing on the MP alone, leaving layer-specific heterogeneity unexplored.EGCs have been compared to astrocytes in the brain as they have many functional similarities. Like astrocytes, EGCs respond to neurotransmitters and release ATP. In the ENS, EGC response to neurotransmitters and subsequent release of ATP modulates intestinal reflexes. Activation of EGCs alone can drive neurogenic contractions, and disruptions in their function can lead to alterations in GI motility. During inflammation, EGCs become reactive, akin to astrocyte reactive gliosis, and can have both beneficial and harmful effects on GI function. Reactive gliosis in astrocytes has been recognized as a heterogenous response that depends on many factors including location within the brain. The extent to which region or layer-specific EGCs contribute to reactive gliosis and intestinal immune response remains unknown.In Chapter 1of this dissertation, I provide a brief introduction of the gastrointestinal tract and how the enteric nervous system regulates its function. I provide background information on enteric glia cells and what is known about their role in regulating GI motility. Additionally, I discuss EGCs involvement in GI inflammation and detail their inflammatory phenotype known as reactive gliosis. Finally, I review what is known about G-protein coupled receptor Gpr37 in regulating reactive gliosis in the CNS, as its function in the GI tract was previously unknown.In Chapter 2,I describe original research on region- and layer-specific heterogeneity of EGCs in the ENS. My findings reveal that EGCs are transcriptionally distinct according to the region and layer they reside in. I detail various MP specific EGC genes and differentially expressed genes between the MP and SMP, and the small intestine and colon. I further explore the function of the MP specific EGC gene, Gpr37, in reactive gliosis. My results suggest that signaling through Gpr37 attenuates fundamental processes in reactive gliosis such as activation of NF-kB and IFN-y signaling pathways, lymphocyte infiltration, neuronal activation, and GI dysmotility.In Chapter 3,I summarize my findings, discuss their potential implications, and detail important future directions.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aCell death
■650 4▼aChemokines
■650 4▼aBlood vessels
■650 4▼aCytokines
■650 4▼aInflammatory bowel disease
■650 4▼aFlow cytometry
■650 4▼aInflammation
■650 4▼aColorectal cancer
■650 4▼aConstipation
■650 4▼aNeurotransmitters
■650 4▼aSmall intestine
■650 4▼aTumorigenesis
■650 4▼aLarge intestine
■650 4▼aImmune system
■650 4▼aRectum
■650 4▼aNervous system
■650 4▼aRole models
■650 4▼aNitric oxide
■650 4▼aCrohns disease
■650 4▼aSpinal cord
■650 4▼aIrritable bowel syndrome
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aMedicine
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■650 4▼aOncology
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0564
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0992
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-05B.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164803▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


