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Machine Learning for Healthcare: Model Development and Implementation in Longitudinal Settings
Machine Learning for Healthcare: Model Development and Implementation in Longitudinal Sett...
Machine Learning for Healthcare: Model Development and Implementation in Longitudinal Settings

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152056
ISBN  
9798382739069
DDC  
658
저자명  
Otles, Erkin.
서명/저자  
Machine Learning for Healthcare: Model Development and Implementation in Longitudinal Settings
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
180 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Denton, Brian T.;Wiens, Jenna.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Despite great promise, developing and implementing machine learning (ML) models for healthcare remains a challenging engineering task. The progression of disease generates complex longitudinal data that can be difficult to harness when developing models. Additionally, the practice of medicine is inherently dynamic, meaning that implemented models must be responsive to changes.This dissertation aims to address some of these challenges. In the first part, we focus on the issues surrounding the development of models for use in the setting of occupational injuries. This field has typically focused on developing models that predict injured patients' return to work dates using information collected around the time of their injury. We demonstrate that a reformulated model using longitudinal observations has better predictive performance than a baseline representative of the existing approaches.Parts two and three focus on the implementation of ML models. In the second part, we investigate the phenomena of prospective performance degradation. Although ML models experience degradation over time, the amount of degradation expected and the mechanisms through which degradation occurs are unclear. We introduce methods to formally quantify this degradation. Additionally, we present techniques to isolate the leading causes of this degradation, splitting temporal shift (changes in patients and practice) from information technology (IT) infrastructure shift (differences in the data pipelines serving retrospective model development and prospective implementation). These techniques and ancillary analyses allow model developers to debug models to improve prospective model performance.In the third part, we focus on the problem of updating risk stratification models that have been integrated into clinical practice. Model developers may seek to maintain or improve ML model performance over time. Thus, model developers might update models as part of their regular maintenance. We focus on how updated models may change the risk stratification of patients, leading to poor clinician-model team performance. We propose a new rank-based compatibility measure for assessing risk stratification model updates. In addition to describing the behavior of this measure, we also introduce a technique for model developers to generate updated models that balance high rank-based compatibility against discriminative performance. Altogether, this work provides model developers with methods to analyze and develop updates for risk stratification models that support clinical decision making.
일반주제명  
Industrial engineering
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Computer science
키워드  
Machine learning models
키워드  
Risk prediction models
키워드  
Dataset shift
키워드  
Model performance
기타저자  
University of Michigan Industrial & Oper Eng PhD
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■0820  ▼a658
■1001  ▼aOtles,  Erkin.
■24510▼aMachine  Learning  for  Healthcare:  Model  Development  and  Implementation  in  Longitudinal  Settings
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a180  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Denton,  Brian  T.;Wiens,  Jenna.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aDespite  great  promise,  developing  and  implementing  machine  learning  (ML)  models  for  healthcare  remains  a  challenging  engineering  task.  The  progression  of  disease  generates  complex  longitudinal  data  that  can  be  difficult  to  harness  when  developing  models.  Additionally,  the  practice  of  medicine  is  inherently  dynamic,  meaning  that  implemented  models  must  be  responsive  to  changes.This  dissertation  aims  to  address  some  of  these  challenges.  In  the  first  part,  we  focus  on  the  issues  surrounding  the  development  of  models  for  use  in  the  setting  of  occupational  injuries.  This  field  has  typically  focused  on  developing  models  that  predict  injured  patients'  return  to  work  dates  using  information  collected  around  the  time  of  their  injury.  We  demonstrate  that  a  reformulated  model  using  longitudinal  observations  has  better  predictive  performance  than  a  baseline  representative  of  the  existing  approaches.Parts  two  and  three  focus  on  the  implementation  of  ML  models.  In  the  second  part,  we  investigate  the  phenomena  of  prospective  performance  degradation.  Although  ML  models  experience  degradation  over  time,  the  amount  of  degradation  expected  and  the  mechanisms  through  which  degradation  occurs  are  unclear.  We  introduce  methods  to  formally  quantify  this  degradation.  Additionally,  we  present  techniques  to  isolate  the  leading  causes  of  this  degradation,  splitting  temporal  shift  (changes  in  patients  and  practice)  from  information  technology  (IT)  infrastructure  shift  (differences  in  the  data  pipelines  serving  retrospective  model  development  and  prospective  implementation).  These  techniques  and  ancillary  analyses  allow  model  developers  to  debug  models  to  improve  prospective  model  performance.In  the  third  part,  we  focus  on  the  problem  of  updating  risk  stratification  models  that  have  been  integrated  into  clinical  practice.  Model  developers  may  seek  to  maintain  or  improve  ML  model  performance  over  time.  Thus,  model  developers  might  update  models  as  part  of  their  regular  maintenance.  We  focus  on  how  updated  models  may  change  the  risk  stratification  of  patients,  leading  to  poor  clinician-model  team  performance.  We  propose  a  new  rank-based  compatibility  measure  for  assessing  risk  stratification  model  updates.  In  addition  to  describing  the  behavior  of  this  measure,  we  also  introduce  a  technique  for  model  developers  to  generate  updated  models  that  balance  high  rank-based  compatibility  against  discriminative  performance.  Altogether,  this  work  provides  model  developers  with  methods  to  analyze  and  develop  updates  for  risk  stratification  models  that  support  clinical  decision  making.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aIndustrial  engineering
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■653    ▼aMachine  learning  models
■653    ▼aRisk  prediction  models
■653    ▼aDataset  shift
■653    ▼aModel  performance
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0546
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0800
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bIndustrial  &  Oper  Eng  PhD.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162799▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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