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Privacy and Utility in Dynamic Systems: Verification and Enforcement
Privacy and Utility in Dynamic Systems: Verification and Enforcement
Privacy and Utility in Dynamic Systems: Verification and Enforcement

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152100
ISBN  
9798382739588
DDC  
621.3
저자명  
Wintenberg, Andrew.
서명/저자  
Privacy and Utility in Dynamic Systems: Verification and Enforcement
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
155 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lafortune, Stephane;Ozay, Necmiye.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The development of cyber-physical systems, which integrate physical processes across cybernetworks, has had a profound impact on our society. Many of these systems, ranging from location-based services on our phones to devices on the Internet of Things in our homes, rely on the communication of sensitive information which may be vulnerable to eavesdropping. The physical harm that can result from leaking this information, like your current location or the occupancy of your home, is well documented. This has lead to strict privacy and security requirements which are often difficult to implement in practice. Motivated by the success of formal methods in developing provable guarantees for cyber-physical systems with strict safety requirements, in this dissertation we focus on the following problems: (1) How can we verify that a system maintains privacy? and (2) How can we enforce privacy upon a system while maintaining its original purpose or utility? Verification is used to analyze vulnerabilities in existing systems and provide feedback to guide the design of new systems. Existing approaches to verification are limited by their ability to express complex privacy requirements and by their high computational burden. We propose a general framework expressing privacy as the formal information flow property of opacity. Over discrete state models (automata), we show how this framework unifies many of the existing notions of opacity studied in the area of discrete event systems. Within this framework, we develop approaches to verification based upon elementary automata constructions that exhibit competitive performance to existing techniques. Additionally, to overcome the inherent computational complexity of verification, we propose a relaxation of opacity that captures bounds on the ability of observers to reason about the system. We develop a corresponding verification approach based on an encoding to the Boolean satisfiability problem. These approaches are demonstrated on randomly generated systems alongside a novel server-load hiding problem.Enforcement is used when a given system cannot be verified to maintain privacy, or when the design of systems by hand is impractical. We focus on the enforcement of privacy with obfuscation, altering communication on the network to shape the beliefs of observers. Over systems modeled by automata, obfuscation takes the form of edit functions which dynamically delete certain outputs and insert fictitious ones. We first show how to apply existing methods for designing such obfuscators within our general framework for opacity. To generalize the limited notion of utility guaranteed by these methods, we then propose a new approach to obfuscation which explicitly models the information flow from the system to its authorized users as a distributed system. Finally, we integrate control into this approach over a variety of network architectures. These approaches use a blend of techniques from supervisory control for DES and reactive synthesis, and are demonstrated on a contact-tracing problem as well as a smart building access-control system.
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
일반주제명  
Information technology
키워드  
Security and Privacy
키워드  
Cyber-physical systems
키워드  
Access control
키워드  
Discrete event systems
키워드  
Automata
기타저자  
University of Michigan Electrical and Computer Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005374
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a621.3
■1001  ▼aWintenberg,  Andrew.
■24510▼aPrivacy  and  Utility  in  Dynamic  Systems:  Verification  and  Enforcement
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a155  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lafortune,  Stephane;Ozay,  Necmiye.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  development  of  cyber-physical  systems,  which  integrate  physical  processes  across  cybernetworks,  has  had  a  profound  impact  on  our  society.  Many  of  these  systems,  ranging  from  location-based  services  on  our  phones  to  devices  on  the  Internet  of  Things  in  our  homes,  rely  on  the  communication  of  sensitive  information  which  may  be  vulnerable  to  eavesdropping.  The  physical  harm  that  can  result  from  leaking  this  information,  like  your  current  location  or  the  occupancy  of  your  home,  is  well  documented.  This  has  lead  to  strict  privacy  and  security  requirements  which  are  often  difficult  to  implement  in  practice.  Motivated  by  the  success  of  formal  methods  in  developing  provable  guarantees  for  cyber-physical  systems  with  strict  safety  requirements,  in  this  dissertation  we  focus  on  the  following  problems:  (1)  How  can  we  verify  that  a  system  maintains  privacy?  and  (2)  How  can  we  enforce  privacy  upon  a  system  while  maintaining  its  original  purpose  or  utility? Verification  is  used  to  analyze  vulnerabilities  in  existing  systems  and  provide  feedback  to  guide  the  design  of  new  systems.  Existing  approaches  to  verification  are  limited  by  their  ability  to  express  complex  privacy  requirements  and  by  their  high  computational  burden.  We  propose  a  general  framework  expressing  privacy  as  the  formal  information  flow  property  of  opacity.  Over  discrete  state  models  (automata),  we  show  how  this  framework  unifies  many  of  the  existing  notions  of  opacity  studied  in  the  area  of  discrete  event  systems.  Within  this  framework,  we  develop  approaches  to  verification  based  upon  elementary  automata  constructions  that  exhibit  competitive  performance  to  existing  techniques.  Additionally,  to  overcome  the  inherent  computational  complexity  of  verification,  we  propose  a  relaxation  of  opacity  that  captures  bounds  on  the  ability  of  observers  to  reason  about  the  system.  We  develop  a  corresponding  verification  approach  based  on  an  encoding  to  the  Boolean  satisfiability  problem.  These  approaches  are  demonstrated  on  randomly  generated  systems  alongside  a  novel  server-load  hiding  problem.Enforcement  is  used  when  a  given  system  cannot  be  verified  to  maintain  privacy,  or  when  the  design  of  systems  by  hand  is  impractical.  We  focus  on  the  enforcement  of  privacy  with  obfuscation,  altering  communication  on  the  network  to  shape  the  beliefs  of  observers.  Over  systems  modeled  by  automata,  obfuscation  takes  the  form  of  edit  functions  which  dynamically  delete  certain  outputs  and  insert  fictitious  ones.  We  first  show  how  to  apply  existing  methods  for  designing  such  obfuscators  within  our  general  framework  for  opacity.  To  generalize  the  limited  notion  of  utility  guaranteed  by  these  methods,  we  then  propose  a  new  approach  to  obfuscation  which  explicitly  models  the  information  flow  from  the  system  to  its  authorized  users  as  a  distributed  system.  Finally,  we  integrate  control  into  this  approach  over  a  variety  of  network  architectures.  These  approaches  use  a  blend  of  techniques  from  supervisory  control  for  DES  and  reactive  synthesis,  and  are  demonstrated  on  a  contact-tracing  problem  as  well  as  a  smart  building  access-control  system.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■650  4▼aInformation  technology
■653    ▼aSecurity  and  Privacy
■653    ▼aCyber-physical  systems
■653    ▼aAccess  control
■653    ▼aDiscrete  event  systems
■653    ▼aAutomata
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0489
■690    ▼a0464
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bElectrical  and  Computer  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162829▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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