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Heterogeneity in the Neural Mechanisms of Adversity: Implications for Developmental Risk and Resilience
Heterogeneity in the Neural Mechanisms of Adversity: Implications for Developmental Risk a...
Heterogeneity in the Neural Mechanisms of Adversity: Implications for Developmental Risk and Resilience

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152101
ISBN  
9798382739717
DDC  
616
저자명  
Hardi, Felicia A.
서명/저자  
Heterogeneity in the Neural Mechanisms of Adversity: Implications for Developmental Risk and Resilience
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
226 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Monk, Christopher S.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The wide heterogeneity in adverse outcomes of stressful experiences unexplained in existing literature suggests that more research is needed to understand the developmental risk and resilience to adversity. Specifically, why and how do certain experiences lead to mental health problems for some but not others? What neural mechanisms could account for the long-term effects of adverse experiences on mental health? This dissertation addressed these questions using prospective longitudinal data from a population-based birth cohort sample. The findings demonstrate that the developmental impact of adversity is specific to the types of experiences and neural features, thus requiring approaches that can capture the complexities of both the environment and the brain. Study one examined the differential neural mechanisms implicated in the long-term neural and behavioral consequences of childhood adversity across 21 years. Results show that household instability during childhood was associated with structural brain network organization in adolescence, even after accounting for other types of adversities. Moreover, structural network organization indirectly explained the association between childhood instability and depressive symptoms in young adulthood, demonstrating the prolonged influence of the early environment on mental health through experience-specific neural correlates. In study two, data-driven person-specific functional connectivity subgroups in adolescence were identified to predict mental health outcomes and stress susceptibility six years later, during the highly stressful period of the global pandemic. Findings revealed that individuals with greater functional connectivity involving specific emotion-related key regions (amygdala, subgenual cingulate cortex, ventral striatum) showed an increased trajectory of anxiety symptoms and were more susceptible to future stress, relative to those with connectivity involving other brain regions (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula). These findings suggest that the associations between adverse experiences and mental health differ based on specific emotion-linked neural regions. Finally, study three built upon the previous studies by addressing heterogeneity in childhood adversity as well as adolescent brain networks using person-oriented approaches. First, data-driven latent profiles were identified using adverse experiences across multiple contexts during the first nine years of life. These profiles were then used to estimate differences in prospective youth mental health outcomes and person-specific functional brain networks. Findings demonstrate that youth with a profile indicated by high exposure to multi-domain adversity, as well as those with an adversity profile characterized by exposure to high maternal depression, exhibited the highest levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescence. These patterns were also reflected in the brain function of these youth during emotion processing; specifically, youth with the high-adversity and maternal depression profiles showed the highest density within the default mode network. Additionally, those with the high childhood adversity profile showed attenuated salience network density and greater frontoparietal network density, suggesting aberrant network communication in key emotion regulatory regions. Collectively, this dissertation provides empirical evidence that the neural mechanisms of adversity are specific to the types of experiences, the brain regions involved, and their contextual interactions, which underscore the importance of considering development as an individualized process to parse heterogeneity in the influence of adversity. This work informs future studies by integrating broader environmental measures in characterizing adversity and adopting novel approaches in modeling brain development across multiple levels of analysis.
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Psychology
일반주제명  
Developmental psychology
일반주제명  
Mental health
키워드  
Adversity
키워드  
Brain development
키워드  
Heterogeneity
키워드  
Brain networks
키워드  
Youth mental health
기타저자  
University of Michigan Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aHardi,  Felicia  A.
■24510▼aHeterogeneity  in  the  Neural  Mechanisms  of  Adversity:  Implications  for  Developmental  Risk  and  Resilience
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a226  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Monk,  Christopher  S.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  wide  heterogeneity  in  adverse  outcomes  of  stressful  experiences  unexplained  in  existing  literature  suggests  that  more  research  is  needed  to  understand  the  developmental  risk  and  resilience  to  adversity.  Specifically,  why  and  how  do  certain  experiences  lead  to  mental  health  problems  for  some  but  not  others?  What  neural  mechanisms  could  account  for  the  long-term  effects  of  adverse  experiences  on  mental  health?  This  dissertation  addressed  these  questions  using  prospective  longitudinal  data  from  a  population-based  birth  cohort  sample.  The  findings  demonstrate  that  the  developmental  impact  of  adversity  is  specific  to  the  types  of  experiences  and  neural  features,  thus  requiring  approaches  that  can  capture  the  complexities  of  both  the  environment  and  the  brain.  Study  one  examined  the  differential  neural  mechanisms  implicated  in  the  long-term  neural  and  behavioral  consequences  of  childhood  adversity  across  21  years.  Results  show  that  household  instability  during  childhood  was  associated  with  structural  brain  network  organization  in  adolescence,  even  after  accounting  for  other  types  of  adversities.  Moreover,  structural  network  organization  indirectly  explained  the  association  between  childhood  instability  and  depressive  symptoms  in  young  adulthood,  demonstrating  the  prolonged  influence  of  the  early  environment  on  mental  health  through  experience-specific  neural  correlates.  In  study  two,  data-driven  person-specific  functional  connectivity  subgroups  in  adolescence  were  identified  to  predict  mental  health  outcomes  and  stress  susceptibility  six  years  later,  during  the  highly  stressful  period  of  the  global  pandemic.  Findings  revealed  that  individuals  with  greater  functional  connectivity  involving  specific  emotion-related  key  regions  (amygdala,  subgenual  cingulate  cortex,  ventral  striatum)  showed  an  increased  trajectory  of  anxiety  symptoms  and  were  more  susceptible  to  future  stress,  relative  to  those  with  connectivity  involving  other  brain  regions  (dorsal  anterior  cingulate  cortex,  insula).  These  findings  suggest  that  the  associations  between  adverse  experiences  and  mental  health  differ  based  on  specific  emotion-linked  neural  regions.  Finally,  study  three  built  upon  the  previous  studies  by  addressing  heterogeneity  in  childhood  adversity  as  well  as  adolescent  brain  networks  using  person-oriented  approaches.  First,  data-driven  latent  profiles  were  identified  using  adverse  experiences  across  multiple  contexts  during  the  first  nine  years  of  life.  These  profiles  were  then  used  to  estimate  differences  in  prospective  youth  mental  health  outcomes  and  person-specific  functional  brain  networks.  Findings  demonstrate  that  youth  with  a  profile  indicated  by  high  exposure  to  multi-domain  adversity,  as  well  as  those  with  an  adversity  profile  characterized  by  exposure  to  high  maternal  depression,  exhibited  the  highest  levels  of  internalizing  and  externalizing  symptoms  in  adolescence.  These  patterns  were  also  reflected  in  the  brain  function  of  these  youth  during  emotion  processing;  specifically,  youth  with  the  high-adversity  and  maternal  depression  profiles  showed  the  highest  density  within  the  default  mode  network.  Additionally,  those  with  the  high  childhood  adversity  profile  showed  attenuated  salience  network  density  and  greater  frontoparietal  network  density,  suggesting  aberrant  network  communication  in  key  emotion  regulatory  regions.  Collectively,  this  dissertation  provides  empirical  evidence  that  the  neural  mechanisms  of  adversity  are  specific  to  the  types  of  experiences,  the  brain  regions  involved,  and  their  contextual  interactions,  which  underscore  the  importance  of  considering  development  as  an  individualized  process  to  parse  heterogeneity  in  the  influence  of  adversity.  This  work  informs  future  studies  by  integrating  broader  environmental  measures  in  characterizing  adversity  and  adopting  novel  approaches  in  modeling  brain  development  across  multiple  levels  of  analysis.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aPsychology
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  psychology
■650  4▼aMental  health
■653    ▼aAdversity
■653    ▼aBrain  development
■653    ▼aHeterogeneity
■653    ▼aBrain  networks
■653    ▼aYouth  mental  health
■690    ▼a0621
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0620
■690    ▼a0347
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162835▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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