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Context Clues: How Local Demographics and Language Barriers Shape Group Attitudes
Context Clues: How Local Demographics and Language Barriers Shape Group Attitudes
Context Clues: How Local Demographics and Language Barriers Shape Group Attitudes

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151513
ISBN  
9798382787442
DDC  
320
저자명  
Rossell Hayes, Alexander Michael.
서명/저자  
Context Clues: How Local Demographics and Language Barriers Shape Group Attitudes
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
213 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Masuoka, Natalie Remi.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Does living near members of another social group breed tolerance or hostility? This is a long-standing question in political science, with evidence pointing in multiple directions. While experiments confirm that intergroup contact can promote positive attitudes, observational studies show that real-world conditions often fail to produce positive outcomes.In this dissertation, I examine factors that determine how outgroup context shapes group attitudes. I analyze survey responses describing individuals' interactions with and opinions about various social groups. By combining these responses with census data about the demographic contexts in which respondents live, I can determine how contextual factors shape different components of outgroup attitudes.Through this analysis, I find that living near members of an outgroup is associated both with an increased probability of interacting with outgroup members, and with an increased perception of group threat. These in turn shapes outgroup stereotypes: contact challenges negative stereotypes, while threat reinforces them. Finally, these stereotypes inform an overall positive or negative outgroup attitude.This leaves the question of whether the positive effects of contact or the negative effects of threat will dominate. I find that engaging in frequent contact with outgroup members can overcome the negative effects of threat. Contextual factors determine when contact will be common and promote tolerance, and when it will be uncommon and allow threat to produce hostility. Previous studies have highlighted the role of segregation in reducing opportunities for contact, but I introduce another factor: language. Living near English-speaking outgroup members provides English monolinguals with more opportunities for contact, leading to more positive attitudes, while living near non-English-speaking outgroup populations reinforces negative stereotypes, leading to more negative attitudes.These contextual effects of language are not limited to outgroup attitudes. I find that English-monolingual ingroup members similarly exhibit less ingroup identification and more negative ingroup attitudes when living in contexts where many ingroup members do not speak English.
일반주제명  
Political science
일반주제명  
Sociolinguistics
일반주제명  
Social psychology
일반주제명  
Language
키워드  
Ethnicity
키워드  
Politics
키워드  
Race
키워드  
English monolinguals
키워드  
Hostility
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Political Science 0699
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■020    ▼a9798382787442
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31300101
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a320
■1001  ▼aRossell  Hayes,  Alexander  Michael.
■24510▼aContext  Clues:  How  Local  Demographics  and  Language  Barriers  Shape  Group  Attitudes
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a213  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Masuoka,  Natalie  Remi.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aDoes  living  near  members  of  another  social  group  breed  tolerance  or  hostility?  This  is  a  long-standing  question  in  political  science,  with  evidence  pointing  in  multiple  directions.  While  experiments  confirm  that  intergroup  contact  can  promote  positive  attitudes,  observational  studies  show  that  real-world  conditions  often  fail  to  produce  positive  outcomes.In  this  dissertation,  I  examine  factors  that  determine  how  outgroup  context  shapes  group  attitudes.  I  analyze  survey  responses  describing  individuals'  interactions  with  and  opinions  about  various  social  groups.  By  combining  these  responses  with  census  data  about  the  demographic  contexts  in  which  respondents  live,  I  can  determine  how  contextual  factors  shape  different  components  of  outgroup  attitudes.Through  this  analysis,  I  find  that  living  near  members  of  an  outgroup  is  associated  both  with  an  increased  probability  of  interacting  with  outgroup  members,  and  with  an  increased  perception  of  group  threat.  These  in  turn shapes  outgroup  stereotypes:  contact  challenges  negative  stereotypes,  while  threat  reinforces  them.  Finally,  these  stereotypes  inform  an  overall  positive  or  negative  outgroup  attitude.This  leaves  the  question  of  whether  the  positive  effects  of  contact  or  the  negative  effects  of  threat  will  dominate.  I  find  that  engaging  in  frequent  contact  with  outgroup  members  can  overcome  the  negative  effects  of  threat.  Contextual  factors  determine  when  contact  will  be  common  and  promote  tolerance,  and  when  it  will  be  uncommon  and  allow  threat  to  produce  hostility.  Previous  studies  have  highlighted  the  role  of  segregation  in  reducing  opportunities  for  contact,  but  I  introduce  another  factor:  language.  Living  near  English-speaking  outgroup  members  provides  English  monolinguals  with  more  opportunities  for  contact,  leading  to  more  positive  attitudes,  while  living  near  non-English-speaking  outgroup  populations  reinforces  negative  stereotypes,  leading  to  more  negative  attitudes.These  contextual  effects  of  language  are  not  limited  to  outgroup  attitudes.  I  find  that  English-monolingual  ingroup  members  similarly  exhibit  less  ingroup  identification  and  more  negative  ingroup  attitudes  when  living  in  contexts  where  many  ingroup  members  do  not  speak  English.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■650  4▼aSociolinguistics
■650  4▼aSocial  psychology
■650  4▼aLanguage
■653    ▼aEthnicity
■653    ▼aPolitics
■653    ▼aRace
■653    ▼aEnglish  monolinguals
■653    ▼aHostility
■690    ▼a0615
■690    ▼a0636
■690    ▼a0451
■690    ▼a0679
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bPolitical  Science  0699.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162005▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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