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Developing Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Difunctionalization and Hydrofunctionalization Methodologies of C=C Bonds
Developing Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Difunctionalization and Hydrofunctionalization Metho...
Developing Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Difunctionalization and Hydrofunctionalization Methodologies of C=C Bonds

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151519
ISBN  
9798384047704
DDC  
540
저자명  
Liu, Jinjian.
서명/저자  
Developing Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Difunctionalization and Hydrofunctionalization Methodologies of C=C Bonds
발행사항  
[Sl] : Cornell University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
361 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lin, Song.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Owing to the prevalence of C=C bonds in feedstock chemicals and synthetic intermediates, the difunctionalization and heterodifunctionlization of alkenes provide an efficient strategy for rapidly increasing the complexity of molecules in organic synthesis. Over the past four years, my work in Lin lab has primarily focused on methodology development of transition-metal-catalyzed difunctionalizaiton and hydrofunctionalization reactions of C=C bonds. A diverse range of modes of activation including electrochemical, photochemical, and chemical methods to access open-shell intermediates have been employed towards this purpose.In this dissertation, we begin with a brief overview of existing strategies of alkene functionalization. We then discuss some common features of these strategies and key advancements and challenges in this area. We are particularly interested in leveraging the unique properties of radical intermediates to access novel alkene functionalization reactions. An electrocatalytic vicinal diazidation of alkenes with manganese porphyrin complexes was first demonstrated. This protocol shows improved practicality over our previous work using MnBr2 catalysis in the following aspects: (1) it requires substantially lower catalyst loading; (2) the introduction of a neutral aqueous buffer prevents the generation of toxic hydrazoic acid, contributing to a safer experimental procedure; (3) the catalytic system displays improved reactivity towards unactivated terminal alkenes. Mechanistic studies support the roles of second-sphere hydrogen-bond donors in stabilizing key reaction intermediates. Next, we explored the area of hydrogen-atom transfer reactions to alkenes mediated by CoIII-H. Current methods to generate CoIII-H most frequently rely on oxidatively initiated hydride transfer. In order to address some limitations associated with this method, we develop a reductive approach to generate CoIII-H, which allows for canonical hydrogen evolution reactions to be intercepted by hydrogen-atom transfer to an alkene. Electroanalytical and spectroscopic studies provided mechanistic insights into the formation and reactivity of CoIII-H, which enabled the development of alkene deuteration and hydroarylation reactions.Finally, mechanistic insights gained from the study of CoIII-H led to the development of the hydrofluorination of unactivated alkenes. Alkene hydrofluorination reaction represents an attractive strategy for the synthesis of aliphatic fluorides. This approach provides a direct means to form C(sp3)-F bonds selectively from readily available alkenes. Nonetheless, conducting hydrofluorination using nucleophilic fluorine sources poses significant challenges due to the low acidity and high toxicity associated with HF and the poor nucleophilicity of fluoride. We present a new Co(salen)-catalyzed hydrofluorination of simple alkenes utilizing Et3N·3HF as the sole source of both hydrogen and fluorine. This process operates via a photoredox-mediated polar-radical-polar crossover mechanism. We also demonstrated the versatility of this method by effectively converting a diverse array of simple and activated alkenes with varying degrees of substitution into hydrofluorinated products. Furthermore, we successfully applied this methodology to 18F-hydrofluorination reactions, enabling the introduction of 18F into potential radiopharmaceuticals. Our mechanistic investigations, conducted using rotating disk electrode voltammetry and DFT calculations, unveiled the involvement of both carbocation and CoIV-alkyl species as viable intermediates during the fluorination step, and the contribution of each pathway depends on the structure of the starting alkene.
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Organic chemistry
일반주제명  
Physical chemistry
키워드  
Organic synthesis
키워드  
Toxic hydrazoic acid
키워드  
Electrocatalytic vicinal diazidation
키워드  
Catalytic system
기타저자  
Cornell University Chemistry and Chemical Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798384047704
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31301316
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a540
■1001  ▼aLiu,  Jinjian.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-4367-7874
■24510▼aDeveloping  Transition-Metal-Catalyzed  Difunctionalization  and  Hydrofunctionalization  Methodologies  of  C=C  Bonds
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCornell  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a361  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lin,  Song.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aOwing  to  the  prevalence  of  C=C  bonds  in  feedstock  chemicals  and  synthetic  intermediates,  the  difunctionalization  and  heterodifunctionlization  of  alkenes  provide  an  efficient  strategy  for  rapidly  increasing  the  complexity  of  molecules  in  organic  synthesis.  Over  the  past  four  years,  my  work  in  Lin  lab  has  primarily  focused  on  methodology  development  of  transition-metal-catalyzed  difunctionalizaiton  and  hydrofunctionalization  reactions  of  C=C  bonds.  A  diverse  range  of  modes  of  activation  including  electrochemical,  photochemical,  and  chemical  methods  to  access  open-shell  intermediates  have  been  employed  towards  this  purpose.In  this  dissertation,  we  begin  with  a  brief  overview  of  existing  strategies  of  alkene  functionalization.  We  then  discuss  some  common  features  of  these  strategies  and  key  advancements  and  challenges  in  this  area.  We  are  particularly  interested  in  leveraging  the  unique  properties  of  radical  intermediates  to  access  novel  alkene  functionalization  reactions.  An  electrocatalytic  vicinal  diazidation  of  alkenes  with  manganese  porphyrin  complexes  was  first  demonstrated.  This  protocol  shows  improved  practicality  over  our  previous  work  using  MnBr2  catalysis  in  the  following  aspects:  (1)  it  requires  substantially  lower  catalyst  loading;  (2)  the  introduction  of  a  neutral  aqueous  buffer  prevents  the  generation  of  toxic  hydrazoic  acid,  contributing  to  a  safer  experimental  procedure;  (3)  the  catalytic  system  displays  improved  reactivity  towards  unactivated  terminal  alkenes.  Mechanistic  studies  support  the  roles  of  second-sphere  hydrogen-bond  donors  in  stabilizing  key  reaction  intermediates.  Next,  we  explored  the  area  of  hydrogen-atom  transfer  reactions  to  alkenes  mediated  by  CoIII-H.  Current  methods  to  generate  CoIII-H  most  frequently  rely  on  oxidatively  initiated  hydride  transfer.  In  order  to  address  some  limitations  associated  with  this  method,  we  develop  a  reductive  approach  to  generate  CoIII-H,  which  allows  for  canonical  hydrogen  evolution  reactions  to  be  intercepted  by  hydrogen-atom  transfer  to  an  alkene.  Electroanalytical  and  spectroscopic  studies  provided  mechanistic  insights  into  the  formation  and  reactivity  of  CoIII-H,  which  enabled  the  development  of  alkene  deuteration  and  hydroarylation  reactions.Finally,  mechanistic  insights  gained  from  the  study  of  CoIII-H  led  to  the  development  of  the  hydrofluorination  of  unactivated  alkenes.  Alkene  hydrofluorination  reaction  represents  an  attractive  strategy  for  the  synthesis  of  aliphatic  fluorides.  This  approach  provides  a  direct  means  to  form  C(sp3)-F  bonds  selectively  from  readily  available  alkenes.  Nonetheless,  conducting  hydrofluorination  using  nucleophilic  fluorine  sources  poses  significant  challenges  due  to  the  low  acidity  and  high  toxicity  associated  with  HF  and  the  poor  nucleophilicity  of  fluoride.  We  present  a  new  Co(salen)-catalyzed  hydrofluorination  of  simple  alkenes  utilizing  Et3N·3HF  as  the  sole  source  of  both  hydrogen  and  fluorine.  This  process  operates  via  a  photoredox-mediated  polar-radical-polar  crossover  mechanism.  We  also  demonstrated  the  versatility  of  this  method  by  effectively  converting  a  diverse  array  of  simple  and  activated  alkenes  with  varying  degrees  of  substitution  into  hydrofluorinated  products.  Furthermore,  we  successfully  applied  this  methodology  to  18F-hydrofluorination  reactions,  enabling  the  introduction  of  18F  into  potential  radiopharmaceuticals.  Our  mechanistic  investigations,  conducted  using  rotating  disk  electrode  voltammetry  and  DFT  calculations,  unveiled  the  involvement  of  both  carbocation  and  CoIV-alkyl  species  as  viable  intermediates  during  the  fluorination  step,  and  the  contribution  of  each  pathway  depends  on  the  structure  of  the  starting  alkene.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aOrganic  chemistry
■650  4▼aPhysical  chemistry
■653    ▼aOrganic  synthesis
■653    ▼aToxic  hydrazoic  acid
■653    ▼aElectrocatalytic  vicinal  diazidation
■653    ▼aCatalytic  system
■690    ▼a0485
■690    ▼a0490
■690    ▼a0494
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bChemistry  and  Chemical  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162064▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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