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Essays on International Trade, Growth, and Development
Essays on International Trade, Growth, and Development
Essays on International Trade, Growth, and Development

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152711
ISBN  
9798383702574
DDC  
338
저자명  
Zeng, Simeng.
서명/저자  
Essays on International Trade, Growth, and Development
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
148 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kehoe, Timothy J.;Amador, Manuel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three chapters focusing on the role of international trade in growth and development. The first chapter surveys the literature on trade and development, using China as a case study. The chapter begins with an introduction to two widely used micro-level datasets that are crucial for studying the Chinese economy. Using these datasets, I explore and summarize aggregate patterns in China's export growth, complementing existing literature with empirical evidence. Next, I review the broader literature on how international trade fosters economic development and growth. The chapter concludes by examining a unique aspect of China's trade structure: processing trade. This exploration discusses the characteristics of processing trade and analyzes its potential benefits and implications for China's economic development.The second chapter explores a specific channel through which international trade impacts growth: high-skill immigration and its relationship to multinational enterprise (MNE) talent offshoring. This topic is particularly relevant in the context of ongoing debates about immigration policy, especially in the United States. When countries tighten immigration policies, firms face challenges in hiring foreign high-skilled workers due to increased visa sponsorship costs or cap restrictions. In response, firms can adopt an alternative strategy: establishing foreign affiliates and engaging researchers overseas, rather than hiring expensive domestic labor. To analyze this phenomenon and its implications for growth, this chapter develops a dynamic model integrating international trade, MNE activities, innovation processes, and immigration dynamics. A critical assumption is that MNEs can segment their innovation process and deploy researchers to foreign affiliates. Calibrated to U.S. aggregate data on trade and MNE activities, the results show that existing immigration restrictions explain 47.8 percent of observed MNE talent offshoring. The chapter further shows that eliminating these restrictions could benefit the overall economy through more efficient process innovation and higher product innovation, leading to gains in total productivity and aggregate welfare.The third chapter focuses on developing countries and examines how resource misallocation influences firms' technology investment decisions and impacts trade gains. While economists and policymakers widely view international trade as one of the fundamental drivers of economic development, developing economies often face barriers that prevent them from fully exploiting its benefits. One such barrier is the misallocation of production factors, typically stemming from policy distortions such as preferential access to land and capital, selective taxes and subsidies, and various industrial policies. This chapter conducts a quantitative study to assess how resource misallocation affects firms' exporting and technology upgrading decisions, and consequently, the gains from trade and productivity growth. The study constructs a two-country Melitz model with firm-specific distortions, extending the work of Bai et al. 2024 by introducing research and development (R&D) investment choices. This extension is particularly relevant given the surge in R&D expenditure and growing emphasis on innovation in many developing economies, including China. A quantitative assessment using Chinese manufacturing data reveals that allowing firms to upgrade technology further reduces welfare gains from trade in this second-best environment. This is because misallocation distorts firms' R&D decisions, therefore trade liberalization encourages the growth of less productive but subsidized firms. This drives up costs for more productive yet taxed firms, resulting in a further reduction of trade gains. Even with additional R&D subsidies aimed at correcting distortions in innovation decisions, results remain unchanged. The chapter also addresses the optimal sequencing of policy reforms in developing countries and underscores the importance of structural reforms to maximize trade gains in these economies.
일반주제명  
Asian studies
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Multinational enterprise
키워드  
International trade
키워드  
China
키워드  
Research and development
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aZeng,  Simeng.
■24510▼aEssays  on  International  Trade,  Growth,  and  Development
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a148  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kehoe,  Timothy  J.;Amador,  Manuel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  chapters  focusing  on  the  role  of  international  trade  in  growth  and  development.  The  first  chapter  surveys  the  literature  on  trade  and  development,  using  China  as  a  case  study.  The  chapter  begins  with  an  introduction  to  two  widely  used  micro-level  datasets  that  are  crucial  for  studying  the  Chinese  economy.  Using  these  datasets,  I  explore  and  summarize  aggregate  patterns  in  China's  export  growth,  complementing  existing  literature  with  empirical  evidence.  Next,  I  review  the  broader  literature  on  how  international  trade  fosters  economic  development  and  growth.  The  chapter  concludes  by  examining  a  unique  aspect  of  China's  trade  structure:  processing  trade.  This  exploration  discusses  the  characteristics  of  processing  trade  and  analyzes  its  potential  benefits  and  implications  for  China's  economic  development.The  second  chapter  explores  a  specific  channel  through  which  international  trade  impacts  growth:  high-skill  immigration  and  its  relationship  to  multinational  enterprise  (MNE)  talent  offshoring.  This  topic  is  particularly  relevant  in  the  context  of  ongoing  debates  about  immigration  policy,  especially  in  the  United  States.  When  countries  tighten  immigration  policies,  firms  face  challenges  in  hiring  foreign  high-skilled  workers  due  to  increased  visa  sponsorship  costs  or  cap  restrictions.  In  response,  firms  can  adopt  an  alternative  strategy:  establishing  foreign  affiliates  and  engaging  researchers  overseas,  rather  than  hiring  expensive  domestic  labor.  To  analyze  this  phenomenon  and  its  implications  for  growth,  this  chapter  develops  a  dynamic  model  integrating  international  trade,  MNE  activities,  innovation  processes,  and  immigration  dynamics.  A  critical  assumption  is  that  MNEs  can  segment  their  innovation  process  and  deploy  researchers  to  foreign  affiliates.  Calibrated  to  U.S.  aggregate  data  on  trade  and  MNE  activities,  the  results  show  that  existing  immigration  restrictions  explain  47.8  percent  of  observed  MNE  talent  offshoring.  The  chapter  further  shows  that  eliminating  these  restrictions  could  benefit  the  overall  economy  through  more  efficient  process  innovation  and  higher  product  innovation,  leading  to  gains  in  total  productivity  and  aggregate  welfare.The  third  chapter  focuses  on  developing  countries  and  examines  how  resource  misallocation  influences  firms'  technology  investment  decisions  and  impacts  trade  gains.  While  economists  and  policymakers  widely  view  international  trade  as  one  of  the  fundamental  drivers  of  economic  development,  developing  economies  often  face  barriers  that  prevent  them  from  fully  exploiting  its  benefits.  One  such  barrier  is  the  misallocation  of  production  factors,  typically  stemming  from  policy  distortions  such  as  preferential  access  to  land  and  capital,  selective  taxes  and  subsidies,  and  various  industrial  policies.  This  chapter  conducts  a  quantitative  study  to  assess  how  resource  misallocation  affects  firms'  exporting  and  technology  upgrading  decisions,  and  consequently,  the  gains  from  trade  and  productivity  growth.  The  study  constructs  a  two-country  Melitz  model  with  firm-specific  distortions,  extending  the  work  of  Bai  et  al.  2024  by  introducing  research  and  development  (R&D)  investment  choices.  This  extension  is  particularly  relevant  given  the  surge  in  R&D  expenditure  and  growing  emphasis  on  innovation  in  many  developing  economies,  including  China.  A  quantitative  assessment  using  Chinese  manufacturing  data  reveals  that  allowing  firms  to  upgrade  technology  further  reduces  welfare  gains  from  trade  in  this  second-best  environment.  This  is  because  misallocation  distorts  firms'  R&D  decisions,  therefore  trade  liberalization  encourages  the  growth  of  less  productive  but  subsidized  firms.  This  drives  up  costs  for  more  productive  yet  taxed  firms,  resulting  in  a  further  reduction  of  trade  gains.  Even  with  additional  R&D  subsidies  aimed  at  correcting  distortions  in  innovation  decisions,  results  remain  unchanged.  The  chapter  also  addresses  the  optimal  sequencing  of  policy  reforms  in  developing  countries  and  underscores  the  importance  of  structural  reforms  to  maximize  trade  gains  in  these  economies.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aAsian  studies
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aMultinational  enterprise
■653    ▼aInternational  trade
■653    ▼aChina
■653    ▼aResearch  and  development
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0601
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0342
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02A.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163459▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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